Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Iam van Thiel, W. J. de Jonge, R. M. van den Wijngaard
Summary: Although the gut microbiota consists of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, most studies on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in IBS have primarily focused on bacteria due to their higher presence. However, recent research on the intestinal mycobiome in inflammatory bowel disease suggests that the low numbers of fungi and viruses may still have relevance. This review discusses the current IBS mycobiome data and how these findings could relate to previous observations in IBS, as well as identifies questions for future research.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xiu-Cai Fang, Wen-Juan Fan, Douglas D. Drossman, Shao-Mei Han, Mei-Yun Ke
Summary: This study compared bowel symptoms and psychosocial features in IBS patients diagnosed with Rome III criteria with abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, and pain & discomfort. The results showed that IBS patients with abdominal discomfort have similar bowel symptoms and psychosocial features to those with abdominal pain.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Enfu Tao, Zhenya Zhu, Chenmin Hu, Gao Long, Bo Chen, Rui Guo, Marong Fang, Mizu Jiang
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder, and the pathophysiology is still not clear. Early life stress (ELS) is a common risk factor for the development of IBS. Enterochromaffin cells (ECs) play a crucial role in intestinal function and can sense various stimuli and microbiota metabolites. Evidence suggests that an imbalance in ECs-5-HT signaling is involved in ELS-induced IBS.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Marasco, Cesare Cremon, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Giulia Cacciari, Francesca Falangone, Anna Kagramanova, Dmitry Bordin, Vasile Drug, Egidia Miftode, Pietro Fusaroli, Salem Youssef Mohamed, Chiara Ricci, Massimo Bellini, Mohammed Masudur Rahman, Luigi Melcarne, Javier Santos, Beatriz Lobo, Serhat Bor, Suna Yapali, Deniz Akyol, Ferdane Pirincci Sapmaz, Yonca Yilmaz Urun, Tugce Eskazan, Altay Celebi, Huseyin Kacmaz, Berat Ebik, Hatice Cilem Binicier, Mehmet Sait Bugdayci, Munkhtsetseg Banzragch Yagci, Husnu Pullukcu, Berrin Yalinbas Kaya, Ali Tureyen, Ibrahim Hatemi, Elif Sitre Koc, Goktug Sirin, Ali Riza Caliskan, Goksel Bengi, Esra Ergun Alis, Snezana Lukic, Meri Trajkovska, Keren Hod, Dan Dumitrascu, Antonello Pietrangelo, Elena Corradini, Magnus Simren, Jessica Sjoelund, Navkiran Tornkvist, Uday C. Ghoshal, Olga Kolokolnikova, Antonio Colecchia, Jordi Serra, Giovanni Maconi, Roberto De Giorgio, Silvio Danese, Piero Portincasa, Antonio Di Sabatino, Marcello Maggio, Elena Philippou, Yeong Yeh Lee, Daniele Salvi, Alessandro Venturi, Claudio Borghi, Marco Zoli, Paolo Gionchetti, Pierluigi Viale, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut-brain interaction among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that patients with COVID-19 had higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms on hospital admission and lower rates of constipation and hard stools at 12 months post-infection compared to the control group. Additionally, the rate of irritable bowel syndrome was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than in controls.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Pr. Benoit Coffin, Henri Duboc
Summary: Persistent abdominal pain is a challenging condition often misdiagnosed as functional disorders. This article provides an update on less well-known causes of abdominal pain and their diagnosis and management.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Charlene Choo, Swapna Mahurkar-Joshi, Tien S. Dong, Adrienne Lenhart, Venu Lagishetty, Jonathan P. Jacobs, Jennifer S. Labus, Nancee Jaffe, Emeran A. Mayer, Lin Chang
Summary: Mucosal microbiota differs significantly from fecal microbiota in the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). There are significant differences in mucosal microbiota between IBS bowel habit subtypes, and increased abundance of Prevotella copri may contribute to symptoms in patients with IBS.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Camilleri, Guy Boeckxstaens
Summary: This article evaluates the evidence that targeted pathophysiological mechanisms and customized treatments can be an alternative approach to treating patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The authors conducted a literature review on the mechanisms and treatments of IBS, identifying various noninvasive clinical tests that can assess the underlying mechanisms responsible for symptom generation. These mechanisms include rectal evacuation disorders, abnormal transit, visceral hypersensitivity or hypervigilance, bile acid diarrhea, sugar intolerances, barrier dysfunction, the microbiome, immune activation, and chemicals released by these mechanisms. The authors also recognized the basic molecular mechanisms contributing to these pathophysiologies, offering opportunities for interventions with medications targeted at specific food components, receptors, and potentially the microbiome. Although the evidence supporting interventions for each mechanism varies, the current state-of-the-art allows for a shift from symptom-based treatment to individualized treatment guided by pathophysiology and clinically identified biomarkers.
Review
Immunology
Ying Gao, Peilun Ding, Junmin Wang, Caiyun Zhang, Guang Ji, Tao Wu
Summary: "Application of Metabolomics in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Review" provides an updated overview of metabolomics studies related to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in the past 5 years, including clinical studies, animal studies, and traditional Chinese medicine interventions. The review highlights the potential of metabolomics in the diagnosis and treatment of IBS, as well as the role of traditional Chinese medicine in improving IBS.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Michael Camilleri, Saam Dilmaghani
Summary: This narrative review provides an update on current approaches for the treatment of pain, global symptoms, or relief in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The review evaluates medications, dietary interventions, fecal microbial transplantation (FMT), electrical approaches, and behavioral therapies. The evidence suggests only modest benefit in global IBS symptoms and pain relief. A future approach involving validated biomarkers could individualize treatment and improve outcomes.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mihaela Fadgyas Stanculete, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Stefan-Lucian Popa, Octavia Oana Capatina
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder characterized by altered gut-brain interaction and dysfunction of the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Prior studies have shown significant impairments in the health-related quality of life of patients with IBS. Resilience, as a psychosocial ability, plays a crucial role in promoting health and enhancing stress response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sholpan Omarova, Karem Awad, Verena Moos, Christoph Puening, Greta Goelz, Jorg-Dieter Schulzke, Roland Buecker
Summary: This study observed patients with persistent PI-IBS symptoms after C. jejuni infection and found that the epithelial resistance of the colon epithelium was unaltered, but the permeability of HRP increased and some inflammation-related markers were elevated. Therefore, targeting these mechanisms caused by the infection may help reduce sequelae such as PI-IBS.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Das, E. O'Herlihy, F. Shanahan, P. W. O'Toole, I. B. Jeffery
Summary: Alterations in the gut mycobiome were found to be significantly different between patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and control subjects, but not among clinical subtypes of IBS. The mycobiome changes were significantly associated with alterations in the bacteriome and metabolome, but did not show a link with dietary habits. Despite co-variation with bacterial components, the mycobiome presents limited therapeutic and diagnostic potential for IBS.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Attilio Giacosa, Antonella Riva, Giovanna Petrangolini, Pietro Allegrini, Teresa Fazia, Luisa Bernardinelli, Gabriella Peroni, Mariangela Rondanelli
Summary: In individuals with IBS and small bowel dysbiosis, supplementation with CBP and LFD can successfully reduce abdominal bloating and pain symptoms, and achieve a better overall assessment of efficacy.
Review
Immunology
Lin Xiao, Qin Liu, Mei Luo, Lishou Xiong
Summary: Research has identified the significant roles that microbiota-derived metabolites play in the development of IBS symptoms in patients, shedding light on the complex interplay between gut microbiota and IBS.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marcelina Radziszewska, Joanna Smarkusz-Zarzecka, Lucyna Ostrowska
Summary: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic digestive disorder that is diagnosed based on the Rome IV criteria. People with IBS often associate their symptoms with the food they eat, leading to dietary restrictions. The FODMAP diet is currently recommended for IBS patients, but it may not work for everyone. Other unconventional diets lack research support and may worsen nutritional status. Physical activity and supplementation, such as probiotics and vitamin D, can be beneficial for managing IBS symptoms. This review aims to analyze the impact of various food items, physical activity, and dietary supplementation on the course of IBS.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tong Cheng, Zhusheng Chen, Yibin Qin, Xiang Zhu, Hongsheng Chen, Zhongling Xu, Xiaqing Ma
Summary: Morphine is commonly used and effective for pain relief, but its side effect of itching limits its clinical use. This paper discusses the potential of using esketamine to treat morphine-induced itching.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sung Eun Lee, Eunjung Park, Ji-yun Kim, HyukHoon Kim
Summary: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a potential therapeutic modality that has been recognized for its favorable mechanisms in various diseases, including sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). HBOT has neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects as well as increased tissue oxygenation capacity. However, there are caveats and limitations in applying HBOT in sepsis.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)