Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tommaso Pianigiani, Lorenzo Alderighi, Martina Meocci, Maddalena Messina, Beatrice Perea, Simona Luzzi, Laura Bergantini, Miriana D'Alessandro, Rosa Metella Refini, Elena Bargagli, Paolo Cameli
Summary: Through a systematic review of published articles, it was found that FeNO plays an important role as a biomarker in severe asthmatic patients undergoing biologic treatment. Higher baseline FeNO levels are associated with better clinical control and lower exacerbation rates. FeNO during biologic treatment can help predict clinical worsening and differentiate eosinophilic from non-eosinophilic exacerbations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongyuan Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhao, Shengnan Sun, Sen Zhang, Yuequan Wang, Xuanbo Zhang, Jin Sun, Zhonggui He, Shenwu Zhang, Cong Luo
Summary: In this study, the authors developed a self-propelling nano-penetrator assembled with a photothermal photosensitizer and a photothermal-activable NO donor. The nano-penetrator showed advantages in terms of NO productivity and autonomous motion under laser irradiation. In animal models, it successfully navigated to thrombus, penetrated deep into the clot, and achieved effective thrombolysis and prevention of thrombosis recurrence and ischemic stroke.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wen Zhou, Wanxiang Yang, Keyu Fan, Wuyang Hua, Shaohua Gou
Summary: In this study, a novel hypoxia-activated NO donor (Hano) was designed and prepared, which can increase NO release, dilate blood vessels, and attenuate myocardial hypoxia injury. This drug shows great potential for the treatment of hypoxic heart diseases.
Article
Parasitology
Abeer E. Saad, Hager S. Zoghroban, Heba B. Ghanem, Dina M. El-Guindy, Salwa S. Younis
Summary: The study aimed to assess the impact of L-citrulline, alone or in combination with SMZ-TMP, on acute toxoplasmosis. The results showed that combined treatment with L-citrulline and SMZ-TMP increased survival time, reduced tachyzoite numbers, and improved liver cell damage and inflammatory infiltration.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiao Fang, Shuxian Cai, Min Wang, Zhaowei Chen, Chunhua Lu, Huanghao Yang
Summary: The study introduces a NO-based phototherapeutic strategy for hypoxic tumors using photogenerated holes to oxidize water into H2O2, subsequently producing NO. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that this strategy induced cancer cell apoptosis, paving the way for the development of NO therapeutic strategies.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Parasitology
Bruno Douradinha
Summary: The pro-apoptotic action of peroxynitrite may contribute to the attenuated protection mediated by malarial sporozoite.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tsung-Ying Lee, Hung-Hsun Lu, Hui-Teng Cheng, Hsi-Chien Huang, Yun-Jen Tsai, I-Hsiang Chang, Chao-Peng Tu, Chieh-Wei Chung, Tsai-Te Lu, Chi-How Peng, Yunching Chen
Summary: A stimuli-responsive drug carrier was developed to deliver nitric oxide (NO) for the treatment of kidney fibrosis. The nanoparticles effectively inhibited the activation of myofibroblasts and collagen I synthesis, resulting in a significant reduction in fibrotic area in a mouse model. This strategy holds therapeutic potential for the treatment of renal fibrosis and requires further investigation.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Eduardo Jorge Muniz Magalhaes, Luciana Maria Sarin, Lorena Catarina Del Sant, Ana Cecilia Lucchese, Carolina Nakahira, Marco Aurelio Tuena, Camila Brito Puertas, Victor Augusto Rodovalho Fava, Rodrigo Simonini Delfino, Juliana Surjan, Matheus Souza Steglich, Matheus Ghossain Barbosa, Guilherme Abdo, Jose Alberto Del Porto, Charles B. Nemeroff, Hugo Cogo-Moreira, Acioly Luiz Tavares Lacerda, Andrea Feijo Mello
Summary: Contrary to conventional antidepressants and psychotherapy, the study found that a history of child sexual abuse does not predict a poor response to esketamine treatment. Esketamine shows similar treatment effects in adults with a history of child sexual abuse as in the general population.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lydia C. Kitchen, Marvin Berman, James Halper, Paul Chazot
Summary: This review explores the rationale for using photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with a wavelength of 1068 nm as a potential treatment for COVID-19. The findings suggest that PBMT 1068 nm has positive effects on cytoprotection, inflammation changes, blood flow, and heat shock protein regulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Nicolas Cabe, Alice Laniepce, Anne Lise Pitel
Summary: Physical activity as an adjunctive treatment for severe AUD patients has shown positive effects in improving patients' mental and physical comorbidities, contributing to a rebalancing of the triadic model by enhancing neuroplasticity, reducing impulsivity and craving, and improving emotional regulation. However, methodological issues make it difficult to observe significant effects on drinking outcomes, with potential mechanisms involving dopaminergic or glutamatergic transmission and neuroplasticity processes. Future controlled trials should focus on neuropsychological assessments to further investigate the benefits of physical activity in personalized sAUD treatment.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Birandra K. Sinha
Summary: Since the discovery of the cytotoxicity of high concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) to cancer cells, as well as its potential role in cancer treatment, numerous NO-donors have been developed to deliver NO to tumors. NO also enhances the effectiveness of anticancer drugs and reverses multi-drug resistance in tumor cells. This study explores various strategies for delivering NO to tumors using NO-donors, aiming to achieve targeted and efficient treatment with minimal toxicity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Everton Luiz Pompeu Varela, Antonio Rafael Quadros Gomes, Aline da Silva Barbosa dos Santos, Eliete Pereira de Carvalho, Valdicley Vieira Vale, Sandro Percario
Summary: Malaria is a global disease associated with oxidative stress, and studies have suggested that inhibiting reactive oxygen and nitrogen species production and increasing the host's antioxidant capacity can be a therapeutic strategy. Supplementation with antioxidants such as lycopene has been proposed for malaria treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui, Aongart Mahittikorn, Polrat Wilairatana, Frederick Ramirez Masangkay, Manas Kotepui
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the association between nitric oxide (NO) levels and malaria. The findings indicate significant disparities in NO levels based on geographic location and study time frames. However, no significant differences in mean NO levels were detected between patients and uninfected controls or between severe and non-severe malaria cases.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chinazom Precious Agbo, Timothy Chukwuebuka Ugwuanyi, Wilfred Ikechukwu Ugwuoke, Christopher McConville, Anthony Amaechi Attama, Kenneth Chibuzor Ofokansi
Summary: In remote areas of Africa, intranasal administration of ATS-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers could serve as a satisfactory alternative for the treatment of severe and cerebral malaria.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jie Gao, Zhe Cheng, Shangqian Jiang, Melissa Wills, Alexandra Wehbe, Gary B. Rajah, Xiaokun Geng, Yuchuan Ding
Summary: This study aims to investigate the safety and efficacy of intra-arterial GTN in AIS patients after endovascular therapy, providing insights for future AIS treatment strategies with new neuroprotective approaches.
Article
Respiratory System
N. Conradi, K. Masumbuko Claude, B. E. Lee, A. Saleh, P. Mandhane, M. Hawkes
Summary: The introduction of solar-powered oxygen (SPO2) is associated with a reduction in mortality among children with hypoxaemic respiratory illness.
Article
Immunology
Veselina Stefanova, Michelle Ngai, Andrea M. Weckman, Julie K. Wright, Kathleen Zhong, Melissa Richard-Greenblatt, Chloe R. McDonald, Andrea L. Conroy, Sophie Namasopo, Robert O. Opoka, Michael Hawkes, Kevin C. Kain
Summary: This study identified soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) as a prognostic marker of severe and fatal malaria in Ugandan children. Measuring suPAR at presentation can identify children at risk of severe and fatal malaria, and adding suPAR to clinical scores could improve the recognition and triage of children at risk of death.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Chandy C. John
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Paul Bangirana, Andrea L. Conroy, Robert O. Opoka, Margaret Semrud-Clikeman, Jeong H. Jang, Claire Apayi, Abel Kakuru, Mary K. Muhindo, Michael K. Georgieff, Grant M. Dorsey, Moses R. Kamya, Diane Havlir, Chandy C. John
Summary: Malaria in pregnancy and early childhood was associated with worse neurodevelopmental outcomes in children, but more effective maternal and child malaria chemoprevention regimens did not result in better neurodevelopmental outcomes.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Parasitology
Andrea L. Conroy, Dibyadyuti Datta, Angelika Hoffmann, Samuel C. Wassmer
Summary: Severe falciparum malaria is a medical emergency that causes death and neurodisability in endemic areas. Recent studies have indicated a correlation between kidney and brain dysfunction in Plasmodium falciparum infection. This review discusses the evidence and explores potential therapeutic strategies for this pathogenic crosstalk.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Emily R. Konrad, Jeremy Soo, Andrea L. Conroy, Sophie Namasopo, Robert O. Opoka, Michael T. Hawkes
Summary: Diagnostic biomarkers for childhood pneumonia can guide management and improve antibiotic stewardship in low-resource settings. CHI3L1, SP-D, LCN2, and TIMP-1 are associated with CXR consolidation in children with pneumonia. Combinations of quantitative biomarkers may help safely withhold antibiotics in children with a low probability of bacterial infection.
PATHOGENS AND GLOBAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Anthony Batte, Philip Kasirye, Reagan Baluku, Sarah Kiguli, Robert Kalyesubula, Chandy C. John, Andrew L. Schwaderer, Erik A. Imel, Andrea L. Conroy
Summary: Mineral bone disorders are common in hospitalized children with sickle cell anemia, and they may be related to kidney disease. By evaluating mineral abnormalities, associations with kidney disease were found. Routine evaluation of mineral bone disorders in children with sickle cell anemia may improve long-term bone health.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Ruth Namazzi, Robert Opoka, Andrea L. Conroy, Dibyadyuti Datta, Abner Tagoola, Caitlin Bond, Michael J. Goings, Moon-Suhn Ryu, Sarah E. Cusick, Nancy F. Krebs, Jeong Hoon Jang, Wanzhu Tu, Russell E. Ware, Chandy C. John
Summary: Data from small clinical trials show that zinc supplementation reduces infection in adolescents and adults with sickle cell anemia (SCA). However, there is a lack of studies on the effects of zinc supplementation for infection prevention in children with SCA in Africa. This randomized trial in Ugandan children aged 1.00-4.99 years with SCA found that daily zinc supplementation did not prevent severe or invasive infections. Zinc deficiency was also prevalent among the supplemented children. Further investigation is needed to determine the optimal zinc dosage and the role of zinc in preventing stroke or death in SCA.
Article
Neurosciences
Andrea L. Conroy, Dibyadyuti Datta, Robert O. Opoka, Anthony Batte, Paul Bangirana, Adnan Gopinadhan, Kagan A. Mellencamp, Ayse Akcan-Arikan, Richard Idro, Chandy C. John
Summary: This study evaluates potential mechanisms of brain injury in cerebral malaria, focusing on blood-brain-barrier integrity and acute metabolic changes that may underlie kidney-brain crosstalk. The results suggest that acute kidney injury is associated with brain injury, as evidenced by changes in cerebrospinal fluid markers. Further evaluation suggests that kidney injury may mediate brain injury through blood-brain-barrier disruption, ischemic injury, osmolality alteration, and amino acid transport alterations.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Letter
Parasitology
Andrea L. Conroy, Dibyadyuti Datta, Angelika Hoffmann, Samuel C. Wassmer
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Catherine Mitran, Robert O. Opoka, Andrea L. Conroy, Sophie Namasopo, Kevin C. Kain, Michael T. Hawkes
Summary: Lactate levels measured using a handheld device in children hospitalized with malaria and respiratory distress can predict mortality risk.
Article
Immunology
Nuria Balanza, Caroline K. Francis, Valerie M. Crowley, Andrea M. Weckman, Kathleen Zhong, Barbara Baro, Rosauro Varo, Quique Bassat, Kevin C. Kain
Summary: In this study, plasma NfL levels were examined in children with uncomplicated and severe malaria. The results showed that the levels increased over time in severe malaria cases, particularly those with neurological manifestations.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Immunology
Nuria Balanza, Caroline K. Francis, Valerie M. Crowley, Andrea M. Weckman, Kathleen Zhong, Barbara Baro, Rosauro Varo, Quique Bassat, Kevin C. Kain
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tong Cheng, Zhusheng Chen, Yibin Qin, Xiang Zhu, Hongsheng Chen, Zhongling Xu, Xiaqing Ma
Summary: Morphine is commonly used and effective for pain relief, but its side effect of itching limits its clinical use. This paper discusses the potential of using esketamine to treat morphine-induced itching.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sung Eun Lee, Eunjung Park, Ji-yun Kim, HyukHoon Kim
Summary: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a potential therapeutic modality that has been recognized for its favorable mechanisms in various diseases, including sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). HBOT has neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects as well as increased tissue oxygenation capacity. However, there are caveats and limitations in applying HBOT in sepsis.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)
