Review
Biology
Qunhui Yang, Masatoshi Hori
Summary: Hypertension is a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is linked to the contractile machinery in vascular smooth muscle. Different signaling pathways regulate blood pressure by controlling myosin phosphorylation, with implications for physiological and pathophysiological conditions of hypertension.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Lei Wang, Megan Rice, Sandra Swist, Thomas Kubin, Fan Wu, Shengpeng Wang, Simone Kraut, Norbert Weissmann, Thomas Boettger, Matthew Wheeler, Andre Schneider, Thomas Braun
Summary: The study revealed that BMP9 and BMP10 act directly on VSMCs for induction and maintenance of their contractile state. The effects of BMP9/10 in VSMCs are mediated by different combinations of BMP type 1 receptors in a vessel bed-specific manner, offering new opportunities to manipulate blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhi Guo, Xuan Yang, Meizhu Wu, Aling Shen, Jiapeng Li, Xiuli Zhang, Ying Cheng, Qiurong Xie, Jun Peng
Summary: This study investigated the therapeutic efficiency of gastrodin as an antihypertensive and determined the mechanisms underlying its effects. The results showed that gastrodin lowered blood pressure, suppressed vascular contraction, and inhibited activation of the MLCK/p-MLC2 pathway, demonstrating its therapeutic efficacy as an antihypertensive.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Julie M. M. Lade, Manuella R. R. Andrade, Clark Undem, Jasmine Walker, Haiyang Jiang, Xin Yun, Larissa A. A. Shimoda
Summary: Exposure to hypoxia leads to structural changes in pulmonary vascular wall, including hyperplasia and migration of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). In this study, the interaction between ezrin and NHE1 was found to increase under hypoxic conditions, promoting SMA binding and enhancing PASMC migration and proliferation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christine Veith, Ipek Varturk-Ozcan, Magdalena Wujak, Stefan Hadzic, Cheng-Yu Wu, Fenja Knoepp, Simone Kraut, Aleksandar Petrovic, Marija Gredic, Oleg Pak, Monika Brosien, Marie Heimbrodt, Jochen Wilhelm, Friederike C. Weisel, Kathrin Malkmus, Katharina Schaefer, Henning Gall, Khodr Tello, Djuro Kosanovic, Akylbek Sydykov, Akpay Sarybaev, Andreas Guenther, Ralf P. Brandes, Werner Seeger, Friedrich Grimminger, Hossein A. Ghofrani, Ralph T. Schermuly, Grazyna Kwapiszewska, Natascha Sommer, Norbert Weissmann
Summary: This study provides evidence for the involvement of SPARC in the pathogenesis of human PH and chronic hypoxia-induced PH in mice, most likely by affecting vascular cell function.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zeyu Cai, Ze Gong, Zhiqing Li, Li Li, Wei Kong
Summary: The article summarizes the dynamic changes of ECM during hypertension and after treatment, as well as the unclear mechanism by which ECM remodeling initiates the development of hypertension. Further research on matridomic and degradomic approaches is needed for a more comprehensive understanding of ECM remodeling in hypertension.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Junyuan Lv, Xintong Li, Hongyu Wu, Jiayang Li, Boyang Luan, Yiqi Li, Yeli Li, Danli Yang, Hao Wen
Summary: The study found that ICS-II can effectively attenuate vascular remodeling process and promote VSMC contractile phenotype, with the mechanism possibly involving modulation of the focal adhesion signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chao Ye, Ying Tong, Nan Wu, Guo-wei Wan, Fen Zheng, Jing-yu Chen, Jian-zhen Lei, Hong Zhou, Ai-dong Chen, Jue-jin Wang, Qi Chen, Yue-hua Li, Yu-ming Kang, Guo-qing Zhu
Summary: The study demonstrated that miR-135a-5p promotes vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), while FNDC5 inhibits it. Silencing miR-135a-5p or upregulating FNDC5 could attenuate VSMC proliferation and vascular remodeling in SHRs. These findings suggest that manipulating miR-135a-5p or FNDC5 levels may be a therapeutic strategy for reducing vascular remodeling and hypertension.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaowei Nie, Chenyou Shen, Jianxin Tan, Xusheng Yang, Wei Wang, Youai Dai, Haijian Sun, Zhiyuan Wu, Jingyu Chen
Summary: The study demonstrated that Andrographolide (ANDRO) may reverse pulmonary vascular remodeling through modulation of NOX/Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress and NF-kappa B-mediated inflammation, suggesting therapeutic potential in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Livia L. Camargo, Augusto C. Montezano, Misbah Hussain, Yu Wang, Zhiguo Zou, Francisco J. Rios, Karla B. Neves, Rheure Alves-Lopes, Fazli R. Awan, Tomasz J. Guzik, Thomas Jensen, Richard C. Hartley, Rhian M. Touyz
Summary: In this study, the role of NOX-induced oxidative stress in VSMCs in human hypertension was explored, with a focus on NOX5 and its connection to c-Src. The findings suggest that the NOX5/ROS/c-Src pathway plays a significant role in VSMC dysfunction in hypertension, and dampening this pathway may have therapeutic potential in reducing hypertension-associated vascular injury.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gabriel Hoi-Huen Chan, Enoch Chan, Carsten Tsun-Ka Kwok, George Pak-Heng Leung, Simon Ming-Yuen Lee, Sai-Wang Seto
Summary: Ageing is a risk factor for degenerative diseases, including cardiovascular diseases. The tumor suppressor gene p53 may play a regulatory role in vascular remodeling, atherosclerosis, and pulmonary hypertension. Further studies are needed to fully understand the effects of p53 in cardiovascular function and its therapeutic potential.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fen Zheng, Chao Ye, Rui Ge, Yu Wang, Xiao-Lei Tian, Qi Chen, Yue-Hua Li, Guo-Qing Zhu, Bing Zhou
Summary: This study demonstrates the important roles of EVs-mediated miR21-3p transfer in promoting VSMC proliferation and migration in SHR and identifies SORBS2 as a target of miR-21-3p in this process.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Christine A. Klemens, Evgeny G. Chulkov, Jing Wu, Md Abdul Hye Khan, Vladislav Levchenko, Michael J. Flister, John D. Imig, Alison J. Kriegel, Oleg Palygin, Alexander Staruschenko
Summary: Studies have shown that ClC-6 may modulate blood pressure by regulating Golgi calcium reserves, thereby affecting vascular smooth muscle function.
Article
Physiology
Marisela Rodriguez, Jiyuan Chen, Pritesh P. Jain, Aleksandra Babicheva, Mingmei Xiong, Jifeng Li, Ning Lai, Tengteng Zhao, Moises Hernandez, Angela Balistrieri, Sophia Parmisano, Tatum Simonson, Ellen Breen, Daniela Valdez-Jasso, Patricia A. Thistlethwaite, John Y-J Shyy, Jian Wang, Joe G. N. Garcia, Ayako Makino, Jason X. -J. Yuan
Summary: The overexpression of calcium homeostasis modulator CALHM1/2 in proliferative pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells is associated with increased AKT/mTOR activation and cell proliferation, while downregulation of CALHM1/2 inhibits these processes. Upregulation of CALHM1/2 is observed in experimental pulmonary hypertension and in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, suggesting a potential role in the transition from vasoconstriction to vascular remodeling in PAH. Inhibition of CALHM channels with CGP 37157 partially reverses established experimental PH, indicating a possible target for novel therapies for PAH.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Meili Wang, Shuanglei Li, Hongshan Liu, Mingyuan Liu, Jin Zhang, Yang Wu, Cangsong Xiao, Haixia Huang
Summary: The expression of BK(Ca)-beta 1 plays a crucial role in maintaining the contractile phenotype of VSMCs, preventing pathological phenotype switching. It may serve as a potential therapeutic target for treating vascular diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tong Cheng, Zhusheng Chen, Yibin Qin, Xiang Zhu, Hongsheng Chen, Zhongling Xu, Xiaqing Ma
Summary: Morphine is commonly used and effective for pain relief, but its side effect of itching limits its clinical use. This paper discusses the potential of using esketamine to treat morphine-induced itching.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sung Eun Lee, Eunjung Park, Ji-yun Kim, HyukHoon Kim
Summary: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a potential therapeutic modality that has been recognized for its favorable mechanisms in various diseases, including sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). HBOT has neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects as well as increased tissue oxygenation capacity. However, there are caveats and limitations in applying HBOT in sepsis.
MEDICAL HYPOTHESES
(2024)