Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ciaran N. Kohli-Lynch, Brandon K. Bellows, Yiyi Zhang, Bonnie Spring, Dhruv S. Kazi, Mark J. Pletcher, Eric Vittinghoff, Norrina B. Allen, Andrew E. Moran
Summary: The study revealed that around 27% of ASCVD-free young adults in the United States have LDL-C levels >_130 mg/dL, and 9% have LDL-C >_160 mg/dL. Using statins or lifestyle interventions for lipid-lowering can prevent ASCVD events and increase QALYs compared to standard care.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Matti Marklund, Leopold N. Aminde, Mary Njeri Wanjau, Liping Huang, Celine Awuor, Lindsay Steele, Laura K. Cobb, J. Lennert Veerman, Jason H. Y. Wu
Summary: This study utilizes a multiple cohort proportional multistate life table model to demonstrate the potential health gains and cost-effectiveness of implementing a mandatory limit on industrial trans fatty acids (iTFA) in Kenya. The findings suggest that such intervention could prevent ischemic heart disease (IHD) events and deaths, save healthcare costs, and be a cost-saving strategy in the long term.
Article
Economics
Jedidiah I. Z. I. Morton, Clara Marquina, Melanie Lloyd, Gerald F. F. Watts, Sophia Zoungas, Danny Liew, Zanfina Ademi
Summary: This study aimed to assess the cost effectiveness of four different lipid-lowering strategies for primary prevention of coronary heart disease initiated at different ages. The results showed that starting treatment at the age of 40 was the most cost-effective option for all lipid-lowering strategies, and early reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was more cost-effective than late intervention.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kaiyu Huang, Yao Wang, Sijia Sun, Qian Zhu, Weifeng Zhou, Jiatao Liu, Dongchun Zhu, Xuefeng Xie
Summary: The study suggests that dapagliflozin plus standard treatment is a cost-effective option for patients with T2DM at high cardiovascular risk from the perspective of the Chinese health system.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yu-Wen Lin, Chi-Chuan Wang, Chau-Chung Wu, Yih-Ting Hsu, Fang-Ju Lin
Summary: This study found that statin use in elderly individuals without a history of cardiovascular disease can reduce the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Marcin M. Nowak, Mariusz Niemczyk, Michal Florczyk, Marcin Kurzyna, Leszek Paczek
Summary: This meta-analysis found that statin use was associated with a significantly reduced risk of all-cause mortality in both cardiovascular disease and non-cardiovascular disease real-world cohorts.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Chandini Raina MacIntyre, Abrar Ahmad Chughtai, Arpita Das, Bayzidur Rahman, Aye M. Moa, Chieh H. Gan, Timothy C. Tan
Summary: The study found a significantly higher rate of laboratory-confirmed influenza among statin users who were not vaccinated. However, there was no significant difference in influenza vaccine effectiveness between statin users and non-users after vaccination. Statin users had a significantly higher risk of influenza, suggesting that they should be vaccinated against influenza.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akhil Sasidharan, Bhavani Shankara Bagepally, S. Sajith Kumar, Kayala Venkata Jagadeesh, Meenakumari Natarajan
Summary: The study found that Ezetimibe plus statin therapy is cost-effective compared to other lipid-lowering therapeutic agents or placebo in high-income countries and for primary prevention, but there is limited evidence from lower-middle-income countries and the societal perspective.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Ye Seol Lee, Hae-Young Lee, Tae Hyun Kim
Summary: This study conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of intensive blood pressure control among hypertensive patients in Korea, showing that intensive treatment was more cost-effective than standard treatment. Medication adherence played a significant role in influencing the results, highlighting the importance of patient adherence to treatment.
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gregory F. Guzauskas, Shawn Garbett, Zilu Zhou, Jonathan S. Schildcrout, John A. Graves, Marc S. Williams, Jing Hao, Laney K. Jones, Scott J. Spencer, Shangqing Jiang, David L. Veenstra, Josh F. Peterson
Summary: The cost-effectiveness of simultaneous genomic screening for Lynch syndrome (LS), hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC), and familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in the U.S. population is estimated using a decision analytic Markov model. Results show that screening individuals younger than 40 years can reduce cancer and cardiovascular disease incidence, improve quality-adjusted survival, but at a relatively high cost.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David J. Vanness, James Lomas, Hannah Ahn
Summary: This study estimated a cost-effectiveness threshold of $104,000 per QALY in the United States in 2019 based on health opportunity costs. It concluded that treatments with ICERs above the range $100,000 to $150,000 per QALY are unlikely to be cost-effective in the United States.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Economics
Zuzana Spacirova, Stephen Kaptoge, Leticia Garcia-Mochon, Miguel Rodriguez Barranco, Maria Jose Sanchez Perez, Nicola P. Bondonno, Anne Tjonneland, Elisabete Weiderpass, Sara Grioni, Jaime Espin, Carlotta Sacerdote, Catarina Schiborn, Giovanna Masala, Sandra M. Colorado-Yohar, Lois Kim, Karel G. M. Moons, Gunnar Engstrom, Matthias B. Schulze, Lea Bresson, Concepcion Moreno-Iribas, David Epstein
Summary: The objective of this article was to assess the cost-effectiveness of screening strategies for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The study found that one-off screening using a uniform risk threshold is cost-effective compared to no systematic screening, but the results are sensitive to assumptions about CVD incidence rates.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anthony Pease, Emily Callander, Ella Zomer, Mary B. Abraham, Elizabeth A. Davis, Timothy W. Jones, Danny Liew, Sophia Zoungas
Summary: The study found that HCL therapy was more cost-effective than current care for young people with type 1 diabetes in Australia. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was AUD $32,789 per QALY gained, with the majority of simulations falling below the willingness-to-pay threshold of AUD $50,000 per QALY gained. Sensitivity analyses indicated that the results were robust.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jackie Bosch, Eva M. Lonn, Hyejung Jung, Jun Zhu, Lisheng Liu, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Prem Pais, Denis Xavier, Rafael Diaz, Gilles Dagenais, Antonio Dans, Alvaro Avezum, Leopoldo S. Piegas, Alexander Parkhomenko, Kati Keltai, Matyas Keltai, Karen Sliwa, Claus Held, Ronald J. G. Peters, Basil S. Lewis, Petr Jansky, Khalid Yusoff, Kamlesh Khunti, William D. Toff, Christopher M. Reid, John Varigos, Philip Joseph, Lawrence A. Leiter, Salim Yusuf
Summary: Rosuvastatin significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular events in participants with intermediate cardiovascular risk compared to placebo. The benefits of rosuvastatin continued to increase during post-trial observation period, while blood pressure lowering did not affect the overall study outcomes.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jackie Bosch, Eva M. Lonn, Hyejung Jung, Jun Zhu, Lisheng Liu, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Prem Pais, Denis Xavier, Rafael Diaz, Gilles Dagenais, Antonio Dans, Alvaro Avezum, Leopoldo S. Piegas, Alexander Parkhomenko, Kati Keltai, Matyas Keltai, Karen Sliwa, Claus Held, Ronald J. G. Peters, Basil S. Lewis, Petr Jansky, Khalid Yusoff, Kamlesh Khunti, William D. Toff, Christopher M. Reid, John Varigos, Philip Joseph, Lawrence A. Leiter, Salim Yusuf
Summary: Rosuvastatin (10 mg daily) reduced major adverse cardiovascular events by 24% compared to placebo in participants at intermediate cardiovascular risk. The benefits of rosuvastatin continued to accrue for at least 3 years after cessation of treatment, indicating a legacy effect.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Surgery
W. A. R. Zwaans, J. A. de Bruijn, J. P. Dieleman, E. W. Steyerberg, M. R. M. Scheltinga, R. M. H. Roumen
Summary: The purpose of this study was to examine whether patients tend to overestimate or underestimate their pre-operative pain levels when recalling them in the post-operative phase. The study found that a significant percentage of patients experienced recall bias, leading to misclassification of treatment outcomes.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David J. McLernon, Daniele Giardiello, Ben Van Calster, Laure Wynants, Nan van Geloven, Maarten van Smeden, Terry Therneau, Ewout W. Steyerberg, STRATOS Initiative
Summary: Risk prediction models need validation to assess their performance. This article focuses on evaluating predictions and improving clinical decision making using survival models based on Cox proportional hazards regression. The authors present a case study on breast cancer patients, where a Cox regression model is developed and validated for prediction of recurrence or death.
ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Anne A. H. de Hond, Ilse M. J. Kant, Mattia Fornasa, Giovanni Cina, Paul W. G. Elbers, Patrick J. J. Thoral, M. Sesmu Arbous, Ewout W. W. Steyerberg
Summary: This study aimed to assess the performance of a decision support tool based on a machine learning model in predicting readmission or death within 7 days after ICU discharge. Through independent validation and retraining on multiple datasets, it was found that the model performed well in new settings and can be considered as an effective clinical tool.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Carlijn A. M. Roumans, Ruben D. van der Bogt, Daan Nieboer, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Dimitris Rizopoulos, Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar, Katharina Biermann, Marco J. Bruno, Manon C. W. Spaander
Summary: In this multicenter prospective cohort study, it was found that half of Barrett's esophagus (BE) surveillance endoscopies do not adhere to guideline recommendations. However, there was no clear association between nonadherence and endoscopic curability of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) or mortality, indicating the need for optimization of BE surveillance guidelines to minimize the burden of endoscopies.
DISEASES OF THE ESOPHAGUS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Steele C. Butcher, Benjamin Essayagh, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Giovanni Benfari, Clemence Antoine, Francesco Grigioni, Thierry Le Tourneau, Jean-Christian Roussel, Aniek van Wijngaarden, Nina Ajmone Marsan, Christophe Tribouilloy, Dan Rusinaru, Aviram Hochstadt, Yan Topilsky, Hector Michelena, Victoria Delgado, Jeroen J. Bax, Maurice Enriquez-Sarano
Summary: This study examined the impact of secondary outcome determinants on post-operative survival in patients with degenerative mitral regurgitation (DMR) and found that the number of these determinants was independently associated with increased mortality after surgery, providing better outcome discrimination than traditional indications for surgery.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mohammed T. Hudda, Lucinda Archer, Maarten van Smeden, Karel G. M. Moons, Gary S. Collins, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Charlotte Wahlich, Johannes B. Reitsma, Richard D. Riley, Ben Van Calster, Laure Wynants
Summary: The study aims to assess the improvement in reporting completeness of COVID-19 prediction models after peer review. The findings suggest that the reporting quality of preprints is poor and did not improve significantly after peer review, indicating that peer review had minimal effect on the completeness of reporting during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lisa Caulley, Jonathan Whelan, Michel Khoury, Dorsa Mavedatnia, Nick Sahlollbey, Lisa Amrani, Anas Eid, Mary-Anne Doyle, Janine Malcolm, Fahad Alkherayf, Tim Ramsay, David Moher, Stephanie Johnson-Obaseki, David Schramm, Myriam G. M. Hunink, Shaun J. Kilty
Summary: This comprehensive review quantified the recurrence rates of commonly observed pituitary adenomas after transsphenoidal surgery with curative intent. The findings suggest that surveillance within 1 year may have low yield. Further studies can investigate cost-effectiveness of surveillance schedules and impact on patients' quality of life to optimize follow-up.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jesus Villar, Jesus M. Gonzalez-Martin, Jose M. Anon, Carlos Ferrando, Juan A. Soler, Fernando Mosteiro, Juan M. Mora-Ordonez, Alfonso Ambros, Lorena Fernandez, Raquel Montiel, Anxela Vidal, Tomas Munoz, Lina Perez-Mendez, Pedro Rodriguez-Suarez, Cristina Fernandez, Rosa L. L. Fernandez, Tamas Szakmany, Karen E. A. Burns, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Arthur S. Slutsky
Summary: Mortality assessment in clinical studies of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has not been well-defined. This study aimed to determine the timing of mortality assessment in ICU patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS, and its predictive value for treatment response. Observational cohorts and a randomized trial were analyzed, and it was found that ICU mortality rates closely approximated 28-day mortality rates. ICU mortality assessment within the first week of a trial could serve as an early predictor of treatment response for moderate-to-severe ARDS patients.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Correction
Critical Care Medicine
Emanuele Rezoagli, Matteo Petrosino, Paola Rebora, David Menon, Stefania Mondello, D. James Cooper, Andrew I. R. Maas, Eveline J. A. Wiegers, Stefania Galimberti, Giuseppe Citerio, Cecilia Ackerlund, Krisztina Amrein, Nada Andelic, Lasse Andreassen, Audny Anke, Gerard Audibert, Philippe Azouvi, Maria Luisa Azzolini, Ronald Bartels, Ronny Beer, Bo-Michael Bellander, Habib Benali, Maurizio Berardino, Luigi Beretta, Erta Beqiri, Morten Blaabjerg, Stine Borgen Lund, Camilla Brorsson, Andras M. Buki, Manuel Cabeleira, Alessio Caccioppola, Emiliana Calappi, Maria Rosa Calvi, Peter Cameron, Guillermo Carbayo Lozano, Marco Carbonara, Ana D. Castano-Leon, Simona Cavallo, Giorgio Chevallard, Arturo Chieregato, Hans Clusmann, Mark Steven Coburn, Jonathan Coles, Jamie Cooper, Marta Correia, Endre Czeiter, Marek Czosnyka, Claire Dahyot-Fizelier, Paul Dark, Veronique Keyser, Vincent Degos, Francesco Della Corte, Hugo Boogert, Bart Depreitere, Dula Dilvesi, Abhishek Dixit, Jens Dreier, Guy-Loup Duliere, Ari Ercole, Erzsebet Ezer, Martin Fabricius, Kelly Foks, Shirin A. Frisvold, Alex Furmanov, Damien Galanaud, Dashiell Gantner, Alexandre Ghuysen, Lelde Giga, Jagos Golubovic, Pedro Gomez, Benjamin J. Gravesteijn, Francesca Grossi, Deepak Gupta, Iain Haitsma, Raimund G. Helbok, Eirik Helseth, Jilske Huijben, Peter Hutchinson, Stefan Jankowski, Faye Johnson, Mladen Karan, Angelos Kolias, Daniel Kondziella, Evgenios Kornaropoulos, Lars-Owe Koskinen, Noemi Kovacs, Ana Kowark, Alfonso Lagares, Steven Laureys, Aurelie Lejeune, Fiona Lecky, Didier Ledoux, Roger Lightfoot, Hester Lingsma, Alex Manara, Hugues Marechal, Costanza Martino, Julia Mattern, Catherine McMahon, Tomas Menovsky, Benoit Misset, Visakh Muraleedharan, Lynnette Murray, Ancuta Negru, David Nelson, Virginia Newcombe, Jozsef Nyiradi, Fabrizio Ortolano, Jean-Francois Payen, Vincent Perlbarg, Paolo P. Persona, Wilco Peul, Anna Piippo-Karjalainen, Horia Ples, Inigo Pomposo, Jussi Posti, Louis Puybasset, Andreea Radoi, Arminas Ragauskas, Rahul Raj, Jonathan Rhodes, Sophie Richter, Saulius Rocka, Cecilie Roe, Olav Roise, Jeffrey Rosenfeld, Christina Rosenlund, Guy Rosenthal, Rolf Rossaint, Sandra Rossi, Juan Sahuquillo, Oliver Sakowitz, Renan Sanchez-Porras, Oddrun Sandrod, Kari Schirmer-Mikalsen, Rico Frederik W. Schou, Charlie Sewalt, Peter Smielewski, Abayomi Sorinola, Emmanuel Stamatakis, Ewout Steyerberg, Nino Stocchetti, Nina Sundstroem, Riikka Takala, Viktoria Tamas, Tomas Tamosuitis, Olli Tenovuo, Matt Thomas, Dick Tibboel, Christos Tolias, Tony Trapani, Cristina Maria Tudora, Andreas Unterberg, Peter Vajkoczy, Egils A. Valeinis, Shirley Vallance, Zoltan Vamos, Gregory Steen, T. J. M. van Dijck Jeroen, Thomas Essen, Roel Wijk, Alessia Vargiolu, Emmanuel Vega, Anne Vik, Rimantas Vilcinis, Victor Volovici, Peter Vulekovic, Eveline A. Wiegers, Guy Williams, Stefan Winzeck, Stefan Wolf, Alexander Younsi, Frederick Zeiler, Agate Ziverte, Tommaso V. Zoerle, Russel Gruen, Lynette Murray, Dinesh Varma, Christopher MacIsaac, Andrea Jordan
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Doranne Thomassen, Ewout Steyerberg, Saskia le Cessie
Summary: In clinical practice, it is crucial to determine the absolute risk reduction of treatment for individual patients. However, logistic regression in trials with binary outcomes provides estimates of treatment effects in terms of log odds differences. In this study, we propose a new Bayesian regression model for binary outcomes on the additive risk scale, allowing for direct estimation of treatment effects on the linear scale of clinical interest. Comparisons were made with a previously proposed additive risk model and backtransforming predictions from a logistic model. Results showed that modelling untransformed risk can yield significantly different treatment effect estimates, particularly for small sample sizes or extreme predicted risks close to 0% or 100%. Our proposed model proved to be more sensitive in detecting all information in the data in a network meta-analysis.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nicole von Steinbuechel, Stefanie Hahm, Holger Muehlan, Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla, Fabian Bockhop, Amra Covic, Silke W. Schmidt, Ewout Steyerberg, Andrew I. R. Maas, David Menon, Nada Andelic, Marina Zeldovich, CTR TBI Participants Investigators
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. This study aims to understand the impact of TBI on various outcome domains, evaluating factors contributing to worsening or improving outcomes. The study used patient-reported outcome measures and identified different trajectory classes for outcome after TBI, including stable good health, persistent impairments, improving health, and deteriorating health. Individuals with persistent impairments and deterioration need special attention and long-term clinical monitoring and therapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alexandros Rekkas, David van Klaveren, Patrick B. Ryan, Ewout W. Steyerberg, David M. Kent, Peter R. Rijnbeek
Summary: This study proposes a standardized scalable framework to extend the assessment of treatment effect heterogeneity to the observational setting. The framework consists of five steps: definition of research aim, identification of relevant databases, development of prediction model, estimation of treatment effect within risk strata, and presentation of results. It allows for the evaluation of differential treatment effects across risk strata.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anne A. H. de Hond, Vaibhavi B. B. Shah, Ilse M. J. Kant, Ben Van Calster, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Tina Hernandez-Boussard
Summary: The generalizability of predictive algorithms is crucial for their application in clinical practice. This article provides an overview of three types of generalizability, namely temporal, geographical, and domain generalizability, based on existing literature. These types of generalizability are associated with their respective goals, methodology, and stakeholders.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Applied
Chia-Ping Lu, Stijntje W. Dijk, Aradhana Pandit, Leonieke Kranenburg, Annemarie I. Luik, M. G. Myriam Hunink
Summary: Students in health professions face high levels of stress due to demanding academic schedules, heavy workloads, disrupted work-life balance, and sleep deprivation. Addressing stress during their education can prevent negative consequences for their mental health and the well-being of their future patients.
APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY-HEALTH AND WELL BEING
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Siri Lise van der Meijden, Anna van Boekel, Laurens Schinkelshoek, Harry van Goor, Mark de Boer, Ewout Steyerberg, Bart Geerts, Sesmu Arbous
Summary: Currently, postoperative infections are identified through manual chart review. In this study, a validated automated labeling method based on registrations and treatments was used to develop a high-quality prediction model (AUC 0.81) for postoperative infections.
CARING IS SHARING-EXPLOITING THE VALUE IN DATA FOR HEALTH AND INNOVATION-PROCEEDINGS OF MIE 2023
(2023)