Article
Oncology
Yu-Shiun Tsai, Yong-Chen Chen, Tzu- Chen, Yu-Kwang Lee, Chun-Ju Chiang, San-Lin You, Wan-Lun Hsu, Li-Jen Liao
Summary: In a country with a high prevalence of cigarette smoking, betel chewing, and alcohol drinking, oral, nasopharyngeal, and laryngeal cancers are leading causes of cancer death for men. The consumption of betel nuts and the rising prevalence of HPV have significant effects on the incidence rates. Strict government policies in the 1990s resulted in a decline in cigarette smoking rates and flattened incidence rates since 2010. The study highlights the importance of addressing lifestyle factors and implementing effective public health measures to reduce the incidence of head and neck cancers.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Cara Sauder, Mara Kapsner-Smith, Carolyn Baylor, Kathryn Yorkston, Neal Futran, Tanya Eadie
Summary: This study demonstrated that pretreatment communication predicts quality of life and is negatively impacted in some patients with oral and oropharyngeal head and neck cancers. Factors influencing QOL included tumor site, T stage, p16 status, perceived depression, swallowing, and communicative participation.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Goshi Nishimura, Hideaki Takahashi, Daisuke Sano, Yasuhiro Arai, Takashi Hatano, Yosuke Kitani, Nobuhiko Oridate
Summary: Hypopharyngeal cancer is an independent risk factor for secondary cancer, requiring close follow-up. Radiotherapy is an independent risk factor for secondary cancers in hypopharyngeal cancer patients. There is no direct correlation between secondary carcinogenesis and alcohol consumption, smoking, or aging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Anna C. H. Willemsen, Walmari Pilz, Ann Hoeben, Frank J. P. Hoebers, Annemie M. W. J. Schols, Laura W. J. Baijens
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between cancer cachexia and oropharyngeal dysphagia in patients with head and neck cancer. The findings suggest that cachexia independently predicts the presence of patient-reported dysphagia.
HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Alberto Deganello, Alessandra Ruaro, Tommaso Gualtieri, Giulia Berretti, Vittorio Rampinelli, Daniele Borsetto, Sabino Russo, Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo, Marco Ferrari, Francesco Bussu
Summary: During a comprehensive neck dissection, the central compartment of the neck is usually not cleared. The surgical management of occult lymph node metastases at this level is still a matter of debate. This review aims to redefine the principles of management for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers in the central neck compartment while highlighting the lacking evidence and consensus.
Article
Oncology
Marcin M. Machnicki, Anna Rzepakowska, Joanna I. Janowska, Monika Pepek, Alicja Krop, Katarzyna Pruszczyk, Piotr Stawinski, Malgorzata Rydzanicz, Jakub Grzybowski, Barbara Gornicka, Maciej Wnuk, Rafal Ploski, Ewa Osuch-Wojcikiewicz, Tomasz Stoklosa
Summary: In this study, the genomic profile of hypopharyngeal cancer was investigated using targeted next-generation sequencing. The results showed that the mutational profile of hypopharyngeal cancers might be similar to other head and neck cancers, with some minor differences, and multiple candidate actionable and prognostic genetic alterations were identified. Additionally, the study demonstrated for the first time that the KMT2C gene may function as a tumor suppressor in HNSCC.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Laura W. J. Baijens, Margaret Walshe, Leena-Maija Aaltonen, Christoph Arens, Reinie Cordier, Patrick Cras, Lise Crevier-Buchman, Chris Curtis, Wojciech Golusinski, Roganie Govender, Jesper Grau Eriksen, Kevin Hansen, Kate Heathcote, Markus M. Hess, Sefik Hosal, Jens Peter Klussmann, C. Rene Leemans, Denise MacCarthy, Beatrice Manduchi, Jean-Paul Marie, Reza Nouraei, Claire Parkes, Christina Pflug, Walmari Pilz, Julie Regan, Nathalie Rommel, Antonio Schindler, Annemie M. W. J. Schols, Renee Speyer, Giovanni Succo, Irene Wessel, Anna C. H. Willemsen, Taner Yilmaz, Pere Clave
Summary: The European White Paper document provides best practices for managing oropharyngeal dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients, emphasizing the need for robust scientific research. Despite inadequate evidence on diagnostics and treatment for OD, there is expected increase in prevalence due to factors like aging populations and HPV-related cancers. Recommendations include timely implementation of OD screening and continued research efforts to improve management strategies for OD in HNC.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF OTO-RHINO-LARYNGOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Walid A. Al-Soneidar, Sam Harper, Babatunde Y. Alli, Belinda Nicolau
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between HPV16 and cutaneous HPV in the development of HNC. It found that co-infection with beta HPV may weaken the carcinogenic effect of HPV16, while co-infection with gamma HPV may strengthen the carcinogenic effect. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Jamie R. Oliver, Omar A. Karadaghy, Scott N. Fassas, Zack Arambula, Andres M. Bur
Summary: This study demonstrates that machine learning algorithms can accurately identify head and neck melanoma patients with very low risk of nodal metastasis, potentially reducing the need for sentinel lymph node biopsy.
HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mayur D. Mody, James W. Rocco, Sue S. Yom, Robert Haddad, Nabil F. Saba
Summary: Head and neck cancer is the seventh most common type of cancer worldwide, with the predominant risk factors being tobacco use, alcohol abuse, and oncogenic viruses. Treatment typically involves a multidisciplinary approach with surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy, and is challenging due to site-specific and histology-specific variations.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Janice L. Farlow, Scott A. McLean, Nithin Peddireddy, Carol R. Bradford, Kelly M. Malloy, Chaz L. Stucken, Kyle K. VanKoevering, Matthew E. Spector, Andrew J. Rosko
Summary: Completion lymph node dissection after positive sentinel lymph node biopsy may improve locoregional control but does not impact survival in melanoma patients. A study on head and neck cutaneous melanoma patients found that neuropathy and neck impairment are important components of morbidity after neck dissection, which should be weighed against the potential risks of locoregional recurrence.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Kelsey M. Roman, Sina J. Torabi, Khodayar Goshtasbi, Edward C. Kuan, Tjoson Tjoa, Yarah M. Haidar
Summary: High surgical volume facilities treating head and neck melanoma patients have better overall survival rates and improved surgical outcomes. Surgical volume is independently associated with prognosis.
HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Zhengrui Li, Rao Fu, Xufeng Huang, Xutao Wen, Ling Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to assess the correlation between oral microbiota and the extent of bone resorption in ORN patients. The results showed that the ORN group had higher microbial abundance and species diversity, and specific microbial communities were potentially associated with ORN. In addition, an imbalance in the oral microbiota may disrupt bone regeneration by regulating specific metabolic pathways that increase osteoclastic activity. Therefore, radiation-induced ORN is associated with significant changes in the oral microbiota.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Issa Mohamad, Taher Abu Hejleh, Monther Qandeel, Maysa Al-Hussaini, Sami Koro, Ayat Taqash, Abdelatif Almousa, Fawzi Abuhijla, Ramiz Abuhijlih, Fatenah Ajlouni, Akram Al-Ibraheem, Dima Abu Laban, Tariq Hussein, Ebrahim Mayta, Wisam Al-Gargaz, Ali Hosni
Summary: HN-MRI demonstrates promising accuracy in predicting tumor invasion of specific laryngeal subsites in patients with laryngeal cancer, and can serve as a valuable tool for pre-operative planning and treatment decision-making.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Arya W. Namin, Lauren Welby, Austin T. Baker, Laura M. Dooley
Summary: This retrospective cohort study analyzed the National Cancer Database to identify clinicopathologic features associated with positive margins after surgical treatment of cutaneous melanoma of the head and neck. Increasing age, female sex, specific subsites, ulceration status, different subtypes, and pT classification were found to be significantly associated with positive margins following surgery.
OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeanne E. Conner, Joshua A. Steinberg
Summary: Diagnosis of anaphylaxis should involve comprehensive consideration, including detailed history and objective findings. Using diagnostic criteria and considering rare triggers, as well as evaluating for mast cell disorders, can aid in the diagnosis. Referral to specialists may be necessary.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alejandra Escobar Vasco, Julie -Ann Talano, Larisa Broglie
Summary: HLH is a rare but fatal disease, and maintaining a high level of suspicion is crucial for patients with evidence of hyperinflammation. Adolescents with HLH should undergo genetic evaluation for familial HLH, and primary immune deficiencies and dysregulation disorders should also be considered. Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary to prevent morbidity and mortality related to HLH's hyperinflammation.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kathleen Ryan
Summary: Fevers of unknown origin (FUO) present a diagnostic challenge, with a wide range of potential causes including infectious, autoimmune, and malignant. Some adolescents with FUO may never have an identifiable etiology, but the prognosis is generally favorable in the absence of red flag symptoms.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Brett J. Bordini, Ryan D. Walsh, Donald Basel, Tejaswini Deshmukh
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hsi Yen, Leah Lalor
Summary: The article emphasizes the importance of increased awareness among healthcare providers when faced with severe adolescent acne that may not be typical teenage acne. It provides a summary of uncommon causes of severe adolescent acne and a simplified diagnostic approach. Additionally, it discusses rare autoinflammatory syndromic causes of acne and acne associated with excess androgen states.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bethany Auble, Justin Dey
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kaitlin V. Kirkpatrick, James J. Nocton
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Louella Amos
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tracey Thompson, Ashley Phimister, Alexander Raskin
Summary: Heart failure occurs as a result of pressure or volume overload in congenital and acquired heart diseases, and its treatment varies depending on the underlying cause.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Allison Remiker, Kristina Bolling, James Verbsky
Summary: CVID is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by abnormal B-cell differentiation and impaired production of specific immunoglobulin. Clinical manifestations vary and include recurrent bacterial infections, lymphoproliferation, autoimmunity, pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal disease, granulomas, and increased cancer risk. The diagnosis of CVID is complex, requiring exclusion of other causes of immunoglobulin deficiency and assessment based on clinical criteria models. Treatment involves regular immunoglobulin replacement therapy, infection prevention, and surveillance for complications.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bridget A. Rafferty, Pooja Thakrar
Summary: CNO/CRMO is an underrecognized autoinflammatory disorder of the skeletal system resulting from immune dysregulation. Diagnosis is often delayed due to vague symptoms and the lack of accepted diagnostic criteria or specific biomarkers. Untreated CRMO can lead to chronic skeletal deformities, arthritis, and chronic pain. Diagnosis requires MRI and WB-MRI. Treatment primarily involves antiinflammatory medications.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vaishali Singh, Scott K. Van Why
Summary: Hypertension in adolescents is rare, and evaluation for identifiable causes beyond primary hypertension is necessary. Common causes of hypertension in this age group are usually acquired or congenital renal or vascular diseases. If these etiologies are not found, exploration for rare causes, including monogenic hypertension, should be pursued.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dominic O. Co
Summary: Acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADS) are a group of inflammatory demyelinating conditions that include optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis. Differentiating between subtypes of ADS is important for optimal patient management, and this can be achieved by considering clinical features, laboratory tests (especially autoantibodies), and MRI findings.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Meghan K. Konda, Matthew Harmelink
Summary: Pediatric adolescent muscle weakness can have various causes. A methodical diagnostic evaluation is necessary to determine the specific disease category, which may require specialized care or extensive testing. The ultimate diagnosis is crucial for prognostication.
MEDICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2024)