Article
Biology
Edward R. Ivimey-Cook, Kris Sales, Hanne Carlsson, Simone Immler, Tracey Chapman, Alexei A. Maklakov
Summary: Research shows that dietary restriction has both positive and negative effects on the health of descendants, indicating the need to consider the adaptability of future generations. This suggests that dietary interventions may not be solely advantageous for the current individuals.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Luisa F. F. Pallares, Amanda J. J. Lea, Clair Han, Elena V. V. Filippova, Peter Andolfatto, Julien F. F. Ayroles
Summary: Evolutionary theory suggests that lifespan-reducing alleles should be eliminated, but studies have shown that they persist. This study found that alleles regulating lifespan have context-dependent effects and a third of lifespan-associated genetic variation is influenced by the environment. Lifespan-reducing alleles are often recent, have stronger effects on a high-sugar diet, and show signs of selection in wild populations, supporting the evolutionary mismatch hypothesis. These findings provide insights into the complex genetic architecture of lifespan and the evolutionary processes that shape it.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hye-Yeon Lee, Bora Lee, Eun-Ji Lee, Kyung-Jin Min
Summary: Dietary restriction (DR) is a widely accepted strategy to increase lifespan and stress resistance in eukaryotic organisms. This study investigated the effects of parental DR on the fitness of their offspring and found that the offspring displayed increased body weight, stress resistance, and lifespan. However, the development and fecundity of the offspring were not affected. Interestingly, parental DR led to a reduction in the feeding rate of their offspring. These findings suggest that the effects of DR can extend to the offspring and should be considered in studies on aging.
Article
Cell Biology
Cara L. Green, Michaela E. Trautman, Krittisak Chaiyakul, Raghav Jain, Yasmine H. Alam, Reji Babygirija, Heidi H. Pak, Michelle M. Sonsalla, Mariah F. Calubag, Chung-Yang Yeh, Anneliese Bleicher, Grace Novak, Teresa T. Liu, Sarah Newman, Will A. Ricke, Kristina A. Matkowskyj, Irene M. Ong, Cholsoon Jang, Judith Simcox, Dudley W. Lamming
Summary: Restriction of dietary isoleucine (IleR) improves metabolic health, promotes leanness and glycemic control in mice, and extends lifespan.
Article
Biology
Javier Huayta, Joseph P. Crapster, Adriana San-Miguel
Summary: Dietary restriction (DR) activates the DAF-16 transcription factor in C. elegans, leading to lifespan extension. However, the extent of this activation and its impact on lifespan has not been quantitatively determined. In this study, we used CRISPR/Cas9-enabled fluorescent tagging, quantitative image analysis, and machine learning to assess the endogenous activity of DAF-16 under different DR regimes. Our results show strong endogenous DAF-16 activity induced by DR, with the activity being less responsive in aged individuals. DAF-16 activity is a robust predictor of lifespan, accounting for 78% of its variability under DR.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alfonso Varela-Lopez, Jose M. Romero-Marquez, Maria D. Navarro-Hortal, Cesar L. Ramirez-Tortosa, Maurizio Battino, Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernandez, Jose L. Quiles
Summary: The increase in life expectancy in current societies has not been accompanied by a corresponding increase in healthspan, which is a significant socio-economic problem. It has been suggested that manipulating the aging process can delay the onset of age-related chronic disorders, as these pathologies share age as the primary underlying risk factor. The accumulation of molecular damage is one of the widely accepted theories of aging. According to the oxidative damage theory, antioxidants are expected to slow down aging, extending both lifespan and healthspan. This review examines studies on the effects of dietary antioxidants on lifespan in different aging models, and discusses the evidence supporting their antioxidant activity as anti-aging mechanisms. Furthermore, possible reasons for discrepancies in the reported results are evaluated.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Maria B. Birkisdottir, Dick Jaarsma, Renata M. C. Brandt, Sander Barnhoorn, Nicole van Vliet, Sandra Imholz, Conny T. van Oostrom, Bhawani Nagarajah, Eliana Portilla Fernandez, Anton J. M. Roks, Ype Elgersma, Harry van Steeg, Jose A. Ferreira, Jeroen L. A. Pennings, Jan H. J. Hoeijmakers, Wilbert P. Vermeij, Martijn E. T. Dolle
Summary: Experimental results show that although dietary restriction and rapamycin can extend the lifespan of some organisms, rapamycin cannot increase the lifespan and healthspan of progeroid DNA repair-deficient mice like dietary restriction does.
Review
Cell Biology
Mario G. Mirisola, Valter D. Longo
Summary: S. cerevisiae plays a crucial role as a model organism in understanding mammalian biochemistry and molecular biology. The study of its chronological lifespan provides insights into age-related damage and longevity extension. It also serves as a model system to study macromolecular and cellular damage leading to diseases and investigate the effects of nutrients and dietary regimens on stress resistance and longevity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yongxuan Li, Wei Zhang, Yunshuang Ye, Yinan Sun, Liping Yang, Guijun Chen, Kangning Chen, Sheryl Smith, Jumin Zhou
Summary: Autophagy has important and complex roles in aging, affecting health and longevity. This study showed that the levels of ATG4B and ATG4D decrease with aging in the general population, but are upregulated in centenarians, suggesting a positive effect on healthspan and lifespan. Overexpression of Atg4b in Drosophila increased resistance to oxidative and desiccation stress, improved fitness, and increased lifespan. Overexpression of ATG4B delayed cellular senescence and improved cell proliferation. These findings suggest that targeting ATG4D and ATG4B could be beneficial for health and lifespan interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zhijun Zhao, Jing Cao, Chaoqun Niu, Menghuan Bao, Jiaqi Xu, Daliang Huo, Shasha Liao, Wei Liu, John R. Speakman
Summary: The study reveals that exposure to a temperature of 32.5 degrees C leads to a reduced lifespan in both mice and hamsters, coinciding with lowered metabolic rate and elevated body temperature. This demonstrates the significant impact of body temperature and metabolic rate on lifespan.
Article
Cell Biology
Lindsay E. Wu, Corrine E. Fiveash, Nicholas L. Bentley, Myung-Jin Kang, Hemna Govindaraju, Jayne A. Barbour, Brendan P. Wilkins, Sarah E. Hancock, Romanthi Madawala, Abhijit Das, Hassina Massudi, Catherine Li, Lynn-Jee Kim, Ashley S. A. Wong, Maria B. Marinova, Ghazal Sultani, Abhirup Das, Neil A. Youngson, David G. Le Couteur, David A. Sinclair, Nigel Turner
Summary: The NAD+-dependent deacylase family of sirtuin enzymes, including SIRT2, play important roles in biological aging, late-life health, and overall lifespan. However, the role of SIRT2 has been less clear. Previous studies showed that transgenic overexpression of SIRT2 can improve health and increase lifespan in a progeria model. In this study, the researchers tested whether SIRT2 overexpression would impact the overall health and lifespan of mice on a nonprogeroid, wild-type background. They found that SIRT2 overexpression did not have an additional impact on health or lifespan in these mice. Biochemical studies also revealed changes in brain metabolites in SIRT2 overexpressing mice, but these changes did not translate into functional differences.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wei Zhang, Yunshuang Ye, Yinan Sun, Yongxuan Li, Mingxia Ge, Kangning Chen, Liping Yang, Guijun Chen, Jumin Zhou
Summary: Aging is associated with weakened immune function, but dietary restriction can improve health and lifespan. Halving amino acid components in the HUNTaa diet further extends lifespan and improves resistance. In aged fruit flies, stress-related genes are downregulated and immune function is enhanced, reducing immune senescence.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Brooke Zanco, Christen K. Mirth, Carla M. Sgro, Matthew D. W. Piper
Summary: Research on fruit flies shows that the influence of protein and carbohydrates on lifespan is indirect, affecting the distribution of dietary sterols. Supplementing with cholesterol can rescue the shortened lifespan caused by high protein: carbohydrate diets. This highlights the complex and indirect effects of nutrient-dependent trade-offs on life histories.
Review
Cell Biology
Olatunde Omotoso, Vadim N. Gladyshev, Xuming Zhou
Summary: Evidence suggests that long-lived animals achieve longevity through adaptive genetic changes that modify physiological functions. The longevity effects generated by adaptive or adaptation-linked mutations/substitutions are nonrandom and favored indirectly by natural selection. These findings highlight the importance of decoding genetic factors of lifespan control.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Natasha Oswal, Olivier M. F. Martin, Sofia Stroustrup, Monika Anna Matusiak Bruckner, Nicholas Stroustrup
Summary: This study reveals the close relationship between vigorous movement cessation (VMC) and lifespan, with the timing of VMC inversely correlated with remaining lifespan. Through measurement and modeling, the researchers show that vigorous movement and lifespan are determined by the interplay of at least two distinct physical declines.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)