Article
Chemistry, Physical
Camilla Sammartino, Yair Shokef, Bat-El Pinchasik
Summary: Liquid diodes are surface structures that enable the spontaneous flow of liquids in a specific direction. By simulating, designing, and 3D printing liquid diode networks, the researchers provide guidelines for directional liquid transport and introduce percolation theory to identify the threshold between connected and disconnected networks. Through constructing well-defined networks with uni- and bidirectional pathways, they experimentally demonstrate the applicability of models describing isotropically directed percolation and accurately predict network permeability and liquid final state. These guidelines show great promise for the development of structures for spontaneous, yet predictable, directional liquid transport.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Sayantan Mitra, Dipa Saha, Ankur Sensharma
Summary: This article investigates site percolation in a distorted simple cubic lattice and finds that the percolation threshold increases with distortion when the connection threshold is equal to or greater than the lattice constant, while it first decreases and then steadily increases when the connection threshold is less than the lattice constant. The change in the fraction of occupied bonds explains the variation of the percolation threshold. It is also found that percolation in regular and distorted simple cubic lattices belongs to the same universality class, and this model is distinct from the site-bond percolation model.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Francisco Javier Jimenez, Amador M. Gonzalez, Lorena Pardo, Manuel Vazquez-Rodriguez, Pilar Ochoa, Bernardino Gonzalez
Summary: This paper presents a Virtual Instrument for determining coefficients in polarised ferroelectric ceramic discs, which improves on past iterative procedures and increases the accuracy of measurement and coefficient estimation. The program is based on LabVIEW 2019(R) and requires the measurement of electrical admittance to obtain estimates for a set of piezoelectric coefficients.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
L. F. Man, W. Xu, Y. M. Xiao, H. Wen, L. Ding, B. Van Duppen, F. M. Peeters
Summary: The discovery of hydrodynamic electron liquid (HEL) in graphene has led to the investigation of terahertz (THz) magneto-optical (MO) properties, where the viscous effect can significantly weaken the MO effects such as cyclotron resonance and Faraday rotation. The magnetoplasmons of graphene HEL are affected by the viscous effect, resulting in red-shifts of the magnetoplasmon frequencies. The viscosity in graphene HEL is predicted to strongly affect the magneto-optical and magnetoplasmonic properties, which can be experimentally verified.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
G. Palacios, L. A. P. Santos, M. A. F. Gomes
Summary: This paper investigates the transport properties (percolation and conductivity) of a two-dimensional structure formed by depositing dimers on a one-dimensional substrate allowing multilayer deposition. The focus is on studying the variations of these properties with the height of the multilayer. The critical parameters of the percolation transition are calculated using finite-size scaling analysis, obtaining scaling laws for the probability of percolation and the conductivity of the system. The electrical conductivity of the multilayer is calculated using the Frank-Lobb algorithm.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Peter Mann, V. Anne Smith, John B. O. Mitchell, Simon Dobson
Summary: This paper examines the emergent structures of random networks that have undergone a finite number of bond percolation processes. Two types of sequential branching processes, competitive and collaborative, are defined and their behavior and topological properties are investigated using generating functions. The model can be applied to explain seasonal disease spreading.
Article
Physics, Applied
Ping Liu, Hanpeng Zhu, Qingmei Wu, Yalin Lu, Yong Pu
Summary: Recently, the magnetically intercalated layered transition metal dichalcogenide Fe1/3NbS2 has gained considerable attention for its reversible resistance switching properties in spintronics applications. In this study, we investigate the magneto-transport behavior of antiferromagnet Fe1/3NbS2 and find complex magnetoresistance and unconventional Hall effect. The results reveal unconventional magneto-transport behaviors and the formation of a complex spin texture in Fe1/3NbS2.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sergey A. Ivkov, Konstantin A. Barkov, Evelina P. Domashevskaya, Elena A. Ganshina, Dmitry L. Goloshchapov, Stanislav V. Ryabtsev, Alexander V. Sitnikov, Pavel V. Seredin
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of variable atomic composition and structural-phase state on the nonlinear transport and magnetic/magneto-optical properties of Co-x(MgF2)(100-x) nanocomposites. Nanocomposite layers with micrometer thickness were grown on glass substrates using ion-beam sputtering technique under argon atmosphere, covering a wide range of compositions (x = 16-59 at.%). By maintaining a low metal content in the nanocomposite, magnesium fluoride remained in the nanocrystalline state, while increasing the metal content resulted in the formation of nanocrystalline cobalt. The resistive percolation threshold value (x(per) = 37 at.%) coincided with the onset of metallic nanocrystal nucleation in the MgF2 dielectric matrix. The maximum absolute value of the negative magnetoresistive effect was 5% at a Co concentration of x = 27 at.% in a magnetic field of 5.5 kG.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
Aditya Dash, Dorothea Scheunemann, Martijn Kemerink
Summary: This study presents a unified model to explain charge and energy transport in networks of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes. By using the steady-state master equation and the Boltzmann-transport formalism, the electrical and thermoelectric properties of the network, including conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, and electronic contribution to thermal conductivity, can be obtained. The model provides a consistent description of previously published experimental data and offers insights for improving the thermoelectric efficiency of the networks.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
G. Borghini, P. Fumagalli, F. Arrigoni, E. Rampone, J. Berndt, S. Klemme, M. Tiepolo
Summary: Melt-mineral interactions have a significant impact on the mineralogy and chemistry of the upper mantle. This study used high pressure reaction experiments to investigate the efficiency of melt-rock reaction in redistributing trace elements in mantle clinopyroxene. The results showed that rapid modification of the REE signature of mantle clinopyroxene occurs through dissolution, precipitation, and trace element diffusion.
GEOCHEMICAL PERSPECTIVES LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
G. Q. Zhao, L. Chen, X. K. Ning, S. F. Wang
Summary: The study investigated the magneto-, electrical- and thermal-transport properties of SrRuO3 (SRO) films. The results showed that the behaviors of magnetization, resistivity, and Seebeck coefficient near the critical temperature follow scaling laws with different critical exponents for (001)-SRO and (111)-SRO thin films. Additionally, the electrical-, thermal- and magneto-transport properties were found to be coupled in a linear relationship, implying intrinsic correlations between these properties.
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Simone Angeloni, Josephin Giacomini, Pierluigi Maponi, Alessia Perticarini, Sauro Vittori, Luca Cognigni, Lauro Fioretti
Summary: This paper describes a mathematical model for espresso coffee extraction that predicts the chemical characterisation of coffee in a cup. The model is tested through chemical laboratory analyses on samples extracted under various conditions, and the results are compared with simulation results. The close agreement between the real and simulated results shows that the model is a promising scientific tool for addressing challenges in the coffee market.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Mamta Dahiya, Rajni Kandari, Rohit Kumar, Neeraj Khare
Summary: This study investigates the effect of adding nanostructures of Sodium niobate (NaNbO3) with different morphologies, nanoparticles (NPs) or nanorods (NRs), on the magneto-transport properties of Y1Ba2Cu3O7-delta-NaNbO3 nanocomposite. NaNbO3 nanostructures are synthesized using a hydrothermal technique, while pristine and NaNbO3 added Y1Ba2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) samples are synthesized through a solid state reaction route. The electrical measurements show that the superconducting transition of YBCO composite samples has smaller broadening with applied magnetic field compared to pristine YBCO, indicating better coupling among superconducting grains in the nanocomposites. The enhancement of the upper critical field (H-C2(0)) is observed in the nanocomposite samples, with the highest enhancement achieved in YBCO samples added with 0.5 wt% NaNbO3 nanoparticles.
PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Long Ma, Wencong Shi, Lilia M. Woods
Summary: First principles simulations were used to calculate the electronic and vibrational properties of metastable structural phases of CuZn2InSe4. The structural diversity has direct consequences on the electronic structure, which can be accurately described using hybrid functionals. Additionally, all phases exhibit relatively low thermal conductivities, with scattering primarily occurring between low frequency optical bands and acoustic phonons.
Article
Polymer Science
Ioan-Bogdan Magdau, Thomas F. Miller
Summary: Automated identification and classification of ion-solvation sites using machine learning approach based on feature vectors extracted from all-atom simulations have been demonstrated in poly(3,4-propylenedioxythiophene), revealing significant changes in solvation environments and paving the way for understanding molecular mechanisms underlying ion solvation in polymer condensed-phase systems.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sicheng Jiao, Shixiang Wang, Minge Gao, Min Xu
Summary: This paper presents a non-contact method of thickness measurement for thin-walled rotary shell parts based on a chromatic confocal sensor. The method involves using a flip method to obtain surface profiles from both sides of the workpiece, measuring the decentration and tilt errors of the workpiece using a centering system, establishing a unified reference coordinate system, reconstructing the external and internal surface profiles, and calculating the thickness. Experimental results show that the method can accurately measure the thickness of a sapphire spherical shell workpiece and is consistent with measurements of other materials.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Rajeev Kumar, Sajal Agarwal, Sarika Pal, Alka Verma, Yogendra Kumar Prajapati
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of a CaF2-Ag-MXene-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor at different wavelengths. The results showed that the sensor achieved the maximum sensitivity at a wavelength of 532 nm, and higher sensitivities were obtained at shorter wavelengths at the expense of detection accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Attilio Di Nisio, Gregorio Andria, Francesco Adamo, Daniel Lotano, Filippo Attivissimo
Summary: Capacitive sensing is a widely used technique for a variety of applications, including avionics. However, current industry standard Capacitive Level Sensors (CLSs) used in helicopters perform poorly in terms of sensitivity and dynamic characteristics. In this study, novel geometries were explored and three prototypes were built and tested. Experimental validation showed that the new design featuring a helicoidal slit along the external electrode of the cylindrical probe improved sensitivity, response time, and linearity.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Kai Yang, Huiqin Wang, Ke Wang, Fengchen Chen
Summary: This paper proposes an effective measurement method for dynamic compaction construction based on time series model, which enables real-time monitoring and measurement of anomalies and important construction parameters through simulating motion state transformation and running time estimation.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Hui Fu, Qinghua Song, Jixiang Gong, Liping Jiang, Zhanqiang Liu, Qiang Luan, Hongsheng Wang
Summary: An automatic detection and pixel-level quantification model based on joint Mask R-CNN and TransUNet is developed to accurately evaluate microcrack damage on the grinding surfaces of engineering ceramics. The model is effectively trained on actual micrograph image dataset using a joint training strategy. The proposed model achieves reliable automatic detection and fine segmentation of microcracks, and a skeleton-based quantification model is also proposed to provide comprehensive and precise measurements of microcrack size.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Sang Yeob Kim, Da Yun Kwon, Arum Jang, Young K. Ju, Jong-Sub Lee, Seungkwan Hong
Summary: This paper reviews the categorization and applications of UAV sensors in forensic engineering, with a focus on geotechnical, structural, and water infrastructure fields. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of sensors with different wavelengths and addresses the challenges of current UAV technology and recommendations for further research in forensic engineering.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Anton Nunez-Seoane, Joaquin Martinez-Sanchez, Erik Rua, Pedro Arias
Summary: This article compares the use of Mobile Laser Scanners (MLS) and Aerial Laser Scanners (ALS) for digitizing the road environment and detecting road slopes. The study found that ALS data and its corresponding algorithm achieved better detection and delimitation results compared to MLS. Measuring the road from a terrestrial perspective negatively impacted the detection process, while an aerial perspective allowed for scanning of the entire slope structure.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Nur Luqman Saleh, Aduwati Sali, Raja Syamsul Azmir Raja Abdullah, Sharifah M. Syed Ahmad, Jiun Terng Liew, Fazirulhisyam Hashim, Fairuz Abdullah, Nur Emileen Abdul Rashid
Summary: This study introduces an enhanced signal processing scheme for detecting mouth-click signals used by blind individuals. By utilizing additional band-pass filtering and other steps, the detection accuracy is improved. Experimental results using artificial signal data showed a 100% success rate in detecting obstacles. The emerging concepts in this research are expected to benefit radar and sonar system applications.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jiqiang Tang, Shengjie Qiu, Lu Zhang, Jinji Sun, Xinxiu Zhou
Summary: This paper studies the magnetic noise level of a compact high-performance magnetically shielded room (MSR) under different operational conditions and establishes a quantitative model for magnetic noise calculation. Verification experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Review
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Krzysztof Bartnik, Marcin Koba, Mateusz Smietana
Summary: The demand for miniaturized sensors in the biomedical industry is increasing, and optical fiber sensors (OFSs) are gaining popularity due to their small size, flexibility, and biocompatibility. This study reviews various OFS designs tested in vivo and identifies future perspectives and challenges for OFS technology development from a user perspective.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Yue Wang, Lei Zhou, Zihao Li, Jun Wang, Xuangou Wu, Xiangjun Wang, Lei Hu
Summary: This paper presents a 3-D reconstruction method for dynamic stereo vision of metal surface based on line structured light, overcoming the limitation of the measurement range of static stereo vision. The proposed method uses joint calibration and global optimization to accurately reconstruct the 3-D coordinates of the line structured light fringe, improving the reconstruction accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Jaafar Alsalaet
Summary: Order tracking analysis is an effective tool for machinery fault diagnosis and operational modal analysis. This study presents a new formulation for the data equation of the second-generation Vold-Kalman filter, using separated cosine and sine kernels to minimize error and provide smoother envelopes. The proposed method achieves high accuracy even with small weighting factors.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Tonglei Cao, Kechen Song, Likun Xu, Hu Feng, Yunhui Yan, Jingbo Guo
Summary: This study constructs a high-resolution dataset for surface defects in ceramic tiles and addresses the scale and quantity differences in defect distribution. An improved approach is proposed by introducing a content-aware feature recombination method and a dynamic attention mechanism. Experimental results demonstrate the superior accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Qinghong Fu, Yunxi Lou, Jianghui Deng, Xin Qiu, Xianhua Chen
Summary: Measurement and quantitative characterization of aging-induced gradient properties is crucial for accurate analysis and design of asphalt pavement. This research proposes the composite specimen method to obtain asphalt binders at different depths within the mixture and uses dynamic shear rheometer tests to measure aging-induced gradient properties and reveal internal mechanisms. G* master curves are constructed to investigate gradient aging effects in a wide range. The study finds that the composite specimen method can effectively restore the boundary conditions and that it is feasible to study gradient aging characteristics within the asphalt mixture. The study also observes variations in G* and delta values and the depth range of gradient aging effects for different aging levels.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Min Li, Kai Wei, Tianhe Xu, Yali Shi, Dixing Wang
Summary: Due to the limitations of ground monitoring stations in China for the BDS, the accuracy of BDS Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) satellite orbits can be influenced. To overcome this, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites can be used as additional monitoring stations. In this study, data from two LEO satellites were collected to improve the precise orbit determination of the BDS. By comparing the results with GPS and BDS-2/3 solutions, it was found that including the LEO satellites significantly improved the accuracy of GPS and BDS-2/3 orbits.