Journal
MATHEMATICS OF COMPUTATION
Volume 83, Issue 289, Pages 2187-2211Publisher
AMER MATHEMATICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1090/S0025-5718-2014-02822-6
Keywords
Mesh adaptation; anisotropic mesh; finite element; mass matrix; stiffness matrix; conditioning; extreme eigenvalues; preconditioning; diagonal scaling
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Funding
- DFG (Germany) [KA 3215/1-1, KA 3215/2-1]
- National Science Foundation (U.S.A.) [DMS-0712935, DMS-1115118]
- Division Of Mathematical Sciences
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1115118] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Bounds are developed for the condition number of the linear finite element equations of an anisotropic diffusion problem with arbitrary meshes. They depend on three factors. The first factor is proportional to a power of the number of mesh elements and represents the condition number of the linear finite element equations for the Laplacian operator on a uniform mesh. The other two factors arise from the mesh nonuniformity viewed in the Euclidean metric and in the metric defined by the diffusion matrix. The new bounds reveal that the conditioning of the finite element equations with adaptive anisotropic meshes is much better than what is commonly assumed. Diagonal scaling for the linear system and its effects on the conditioning are also studied. It is shown that the Jacobi preconditioning, which is an optimal diagonal scaling for a symmetric positive definite sparse matrix, can eliminate the effects of mesh nonuniformity viewed in the Euclidean metric and reduce those effects of the mesh viewed in the metric defined by the diffusion matrix. Tight bounds on the extreme eigenvalues of the stiffness and mass matrices are obtained. Numerical examples are given.
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