Article
Energy & Fuels
Amit Tanwar, Swatchith Lal, Kafil M. Razeeb
Summary: This study focuses on the design optimization of micro-thermoelectric generators for low-temperature applications and investigates the role of structural geometries in enhancing overall power output. The optimized design showcased high power output under low-temperature gradients of 5 K and 10 K, indicating great potential for future wearable devices.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zuo-peng Zhao, Kai Xu, Peng-fei Xu, Bin Wang
Summary: The study revealed that the corrosion resistance of different sub-regions in the heat-affected zones of X80 pipeline steel is influenced by their microstructural sensitivity to CO2 corrosion in NaCl aqueous solutions. The weakening of corrosion resistance in the coarse-grained HAZ is attributed to larger grain size and coarsening martensite/austenite constituents in the matrix.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pinxiang Liao, Hailang Wan, Junying Min, Kai Zhang, Jianping Lin
Summary: This article investigates the temperature evolution of AA6061-T6 during the flow drill riveting process and its effects on joint quality. The results show that friction stir is the main factor contributing to temperature rise, and rotation speed and feed rate have significant influences on temperature evolution and the size of the heat-affected zone. Higher rotation speed and larger feed rate result in higher temperatures and larger heat-affected zones, leading to greater softening effects on the upper workpiece and reduced joint strength.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Zhang, Yongling Wu, Jinchao Li, Mengmeng Zou, Hongyu Zheng
Summary: A method for fabricating micro-pore arrays on a copper sheet and modifying the surface properties for superhydrophobic-oleophilic nature was reported. A coating material containing C8 long chains was designed to convert the surface property of the copper mesh. This controllable methodology showed effective oil-water separation performance.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Shuja Ahmed, Mayank Verma, Probir Saha
Summary: This study examined the impact of using tools with triple-spiral micro-grooves on process responses in mu FSW, and the effect of different cross-sections of micro-grooves on these responses. The interaction between the shoulder end-surface and plasticized sheet material crucially determined the mechanical, thermal, and flow characteristics of the material, affecting the process responses. Among the different cross-sections of micro-grooves, the right-trapezoidal type II showed the best performance with moderate process loads, superior weld surface finish, and tensile properties.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shahriar Afkhami, Vahid Javaheri, Mohsen Amraei, Tuomas Skriko, Heidi Piili, Xiao-Ling Zhao, Timo Bjork
Summary: Ultra-high strength steels (UHSS) play a crucial role in construction and industry, with welding as the primary joining process. The study investigates the microstructures and mechanical properties of welded S960 and S1100, identifying soft phases as the primary reason for softening in S960. The tempered forms of martensite and bainite contribute to the decrease of hardness and notch toughness in the welded steels. Experimental approaches to predict hardness from microstructural constituents show relatively good reliability in detecting softened spots in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of the welded steels.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Kirsty Muldoon, Yanhua Song, Zeeshan Ahmad, Xing Chen, Ming-Wei Chang
Summary: Three dimensional printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a rapidly growing process that has applications in various sectors such as electronics, biomedical, pharmaceutical, and tissue engineering. Micro and nano scale printing allows for precise control over design, material, and chemical properties, resulting in high surface area to volume ratios and altered mechanical and physical properties of the products. This review discusses the applications of micro/nano printing technologies such as lithography, inkjet, and electrohydrodynamic printing in the biomedical and electronic fields. The limitations of current micro/nano printing methods, particularly in achieving controlled structures at the required tiny micro and nano scales, are also examined.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Behzad Sadeghi, Zhanqiu Tan, Jiashuo Qi, Zhiqiang Li, Xinrui Min, Zhenming Yue, Genlian Fan
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between different ball milling conditions and the mechanical properties of CNT/Al composites through adjusting the grain interior/grain boundary affected zone (GI/GBAZ). The results showed that milling conditions significantly influenced the grain size and mechanical properties of the composites. Enhancements in tensile properties were mainly attributed to grain refinement, dislocation strengthening, and back stress hardening.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ziqiang He, Yunfei Yan, Zhien Zhang
Summary: Micro heat sinks are crucial for addressing the challenges of high heat flux and non-uniform temperature distribution in electronic devices. Developments in thermal enhancement technologies and reducing non-uniform temperature distribution are essential. An effective adaptive cooling method is urgently needed to improve the efficiency and lifespan of electronic components.
Article
Thermodynamics
Pingyang Wang, Xinglin Zhao, Zhenhua Liu
Summary: A new passive enhanced heat transfer technology is proposed for compact heat exchangers in supercritical LNG production by using circumferential micro-grooves on the top and bottom walls of rectangular channels. Numerical simulations were conducted to optimize the dimensions of the micro-grooves and study the heat transfer and flow characteristics of LNG. The effects of working fluid temperature, mass flow, and inlet pressure on heat transfer coefficient and friction factor were investigated, and the heat transfer mechanism near the micro-grooves was analyzed.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Seonghoon Jeong, Youngchai Lee, Gitae Park, Bongyoon Kim, Joonoh Moon, Seong-Jun Park, Changhee Lee
Summary: The study examined the influence of different post-weld heat treatment conditions on the Fe-29.7Mn-10.5Al-3.06Cr-0.93C alloy, highlighting the effects of Cr addition on the heat-affected zone (HAZ). While Cr stabilized the mechanical properties of HAZ in the as-welded state, it caused adverse phase transformation mechanisms during PWHT at 600 degrees Celsius, leading to harmful beta-manganese formation.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Gukin Han, Kyuhong Lee, Jin-Young Yoon, Tae-Wook Na, Kanghwan Ahn, Mun-Jin Kang, Tea-Sung Jun
Summary: This study investigated the mechanical, microstructural, and textural characteristics of friction stir welded AZ31 magnesium alloy plates, finding that annealing at specific temperatures led to reductions in yield strength but improvements in tensile strength and elongation. The analysis showed a correlation between dislocation density, grain growth trends, and mechanical properties in different zones.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jie Zhou, Wei Zhu, Yujie Xie, Yuedong Yu, Zhanpeng Guo, Qingqing Zhang, Yutong Liu, Yuan Deng
Summary: This study presents a flexible method to achieve high-precision array patterning for miniature thermoelectric (TE) devices through femtosecond laser direct writing technique, successfully constructing a TE pattern with competitive leg density and high filling factor.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Rahul Davis, Abhishek Singh, Kishore Debnath, Roberta Maia Sabino, Ketul Popat, Paulo Soares, Anup Kumar Keshri, Bhaskar Borgohain
Summary: In the field of high-precision miniaturized medical implants, the biomedical Ti-6Al-4V alloy meets the requirements for longevity, biocompatibility, and sterilizability. By adding different concentrations of bioactive zinc powder particles, the researchers were able to reduce machining time and dimensional deviation in micro-electric discharge machining. The combination of a copper micro-tool electrode and a 6 g/l zinc powder concentration showed the best results, with lower machining time, dimensional deviation, and recast layer thickness. The modified alloy surface also showed potential for dental applications and potential antiviral activity against COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Qifeng Zhu, Feiyue Zhu, Dianwei Fu, Anchao Zhang, Sen Zhang
Summary: Trapezoidal grooves were arranged in the channel sidewalls to enhance heat transfer in micro-channel heat sinks. 3-D numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of groove depth and spacing length on the thermal and hydraulic performance of the micro-channels. The proposed micro-channel demonstrated better flow and thermal performance than the smooth straight one under certain conditions.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Wenxuan Zhang, Wenyuan Hou, Luc Deike, Craig Arnold
Summary: Analysis using Rayleigh-Plateau theory revealed that normalized enthalpy determines whether a molten track is initially unstable and the growth rate of instability in PBF-LB/M. The study also found that the duration of melting plays a crucial role in determining whether significant undulation ultimately occurs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXTREME MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Acoustics
Juliane Preimesberger, Craig B. Arnold
Summary: This study finds that applying a square-wave frequency with the fastest strain rate and longest hold time maximizes the current output of PEC devices. Furthermore, as the input mechanical frequency approaches zero, the power, energy, and energy conversion efficiency of PEC harvesters increase monotonically. This research is significant for optimizing the performance of PEC harvesters.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ULTRASONICS FERROELECTRICS AND FREQUENCY CONTROL
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
T. Bond, A. Badmos, R. A. Ahmed, J. D. Obayemi, A. Salifu, N. Rahbar, W. O. Soboyejo
Summary: This paper presents a study on the indentation size effects in structural metals/alloys at the micron scale, including 6061 aluminum alloy, titanium, and Ti-6Al-4V. The size dependence of indentation hardness is explained using strain gradient plasticity theories. The study compares the resulting material length scales with microstructures and previously reported values, and discusses the implications of the results for plasticity and hardness modeling at the micron scale.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Optics
Xiaohan Du, Camilo Florian, Craig B. Arnold
Summary: In this Letter, the authors introduce a fast and versatile variable focal system using a tunable acoustic gradient of index lens for multi-focal laser processing. They demonstrate its application in femtosecond laser-induced volumetric modification in glass and laser machining on both surfaces of a transparent glass slide.
Article
Biophysics
Habibeh Ashouri Choshali, Kristen L. Billiar, Nima Rahbar
Summary: In this study, the stress fields within cells were investigated using computational and experimental methods, revealing the presence of anisotropy. It was found that substantial stress concentration occurs in the central region, contradicting the assumption of uniform anisotropy. A more realistic non-uniform anisotropy model was introduced based on experimental observations, effectively eliminating stress concentration. The study provides a physics-based mechanism to explain the low alignment of stress fibers in cells and potentially explains certain biological phenomena.
BIOMECHANICS AND MODELING IN MECHANOBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Alycia Abbott, Mattea E. Gravina, Mobin Vandadi, Nima Rahbar, Jeannine M. Coburn
Summary: This study explored the impact of modifying lyophilization primary drying parameters on the properties of protein-based porous scaffolds. It was found that changing the drying duration and temperature can result in scaffolds with tunable properties. Additionally, the use of different concentrations of the protein solution led to different effects on in vitro cell culturing.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART A
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Sehmus Ozden, Susanna Monti, Valentina Tozzini, Nikita S. Dutta, Stefania Gili, Nick Caggiano, A. James Link, Nicola M. Pugno, John Higgins, Rodney D. Priestley, Craig B. Arnold
Summary: The integration of 2D graphitic carbon with 1D carbon nanofiber allows for the development of an ultralightweight G-CF aerogel with a hierarchical structure, which exhibits low density and high surface area and shows excellent water purification performance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joseph W. Stiles, Anna L. Soltys, Xiaoyu Song, Saul H. Lapidus, Craig B. Arnold, Leslie M. Schoop
Summary: This study presents a new material, HxCrS2, formed by proton-exchange of NaCrS2, with a measured capacity of 728 mAh g(-1) and significant improvements to capacity retention, sustaining over 700 mAh g(-1) during cycling experiments. HxCrS2 exhibits a biphasic structure featuring alternating crystalline and amorphous lamella on the scale of a few nanometers, enabling reversible access to Cr redox in the material resulting in higher capacities than seen in the parent structure. Pretreatment by proton-exchange offers a route to materials such as HxCrS2 which provide fast diffusion and high capacities for sodium-ion batteries.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Nikita S. Dutta, Craig B. Arnold
Summary: This study investigates how classmate behaviors influence gender gaps in verbal participation in engineering classes, and finds that when a woman participates, it increases the likelihood of other women participating. This suggests that classmates have an impact on gender gaps in class participation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Mobin Vandadi, Kenan P. Fears, Manoj K. Kolel-Veetil, Nima Rahbar
Summary: Biomaterials serve as an important inspiration for the development of strong and tough materials. A novel class of nanomaterials, synthesized through side-chain to-side-chain polymerization of cyclic beta-peptide rings, exhibits outstanding mechanical properties. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that polymerized peptides can withstand stress and have high strain-to-failure values, compared to brittle behavior of unpolymerized peptides. Additionally, the strength of cyclic peptides is higher in water than in a vacuum.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Mobin Vandadi, Kenan P. Fears, Manoj K. Kolel-Veetil, Nima Rahbar
Summary: Biomaterials serve as an important inspiration for the development of strong and tough materials, leading to the recent development of improved synthetic materials. Through the side-chain-to-side-chain polymerization of cyclic beta-peptide rings, a new class of nanomaterials with exceptional mechanical properties has been introduced. Molecular dynamics simulations are used to explore the mechanics of this polymerization process and demonstrate the differences in strength between polymerized and unpolymerized cyclic peptides. The simulations are conducted in both aqueous and vacuum environments to investigate the influence of water on the mechanical properties. The results reveal that unpolymerized peptides behave as brittle materials, while polymerized ones exhibit a significant strain-to-failure after initial failure. Moreover, the strength of cyclic peptides is higher in water compared to a vacuum.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Wang, Suzanne Scarlata, Nima Rahbar
Summary: The article describes a method that allows for the rapid curing of enzymatic construction materials under ambient conditions using low-power lasers and the incorporation of nanoparticles, supporting on-site manufacturing capability for construction materials.
CELL REPORTS PHYSICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiaohan Dua, Camilo Florian, Craig B. Arnold
Summary: This paper implements multi-focal beam shaping using a tunable acoustic gradient of index (TAG) lens, providing improved efficiency and flexibility in laser processing.
LASER APPLICATIONS IN MICROELECTRONIC AND OPTOELECTRONIC MANUFACTURING (LAMOM) XXVII
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Navid Bizmark, Nicholas J. Caggiano, Jason X. Liu, Craig B. Arnold, Robert K. Prud'homme, Sujit S. Datta, Rodney D. Priestley
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms and dynamics of phase transitions for cellulose ethers using experiments and theoretical considerations. The research finds that hydroxypropyl substituents favor the spontaneous formation of liquid droplets, while methyl substituents induce fibril formation through diffusive growth. In celluloses with both methyl and hydroxypropyl substituents, fibrillation initiates after liquid droplet formation.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Wang, Suzanne F. Scarlata, Nima Rahbar
Summary: This paper introduces a novel method to create a negative-emission enzymatic construction material (ECM) with self-healing capabilities, by catalyzing the condensation of CO2 and water to form calcium carbonate crystals. The resulting ECM has high strength and modulus, providing a new direction for developing environmentally friendly and low-cost construction materials.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Mohammadreza Kasravi, Alireza Yaghoobi, Tahereh Tayebi, Mahsa Hojabri, Abdolkarim Talebi Taheri, Fatemeh Shirzad, Bahram Jambar Nooshin, Radman Mazloomnejad, Armin Ahmadi, Fatemeh A. Tehrani, Ghasem Yazdanpanah, Mohammad Hadi Farjoo, Hassan Niknejad
Summary: As a promising approach in translational medicine, the decellularization of discarded livers to produce bioscaffolds that support recellularization has potential in overcoming the limitations of conventional liver transplantation. In this study, the researchers investigated the use of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition to preserve the extracellular matrix (ECM) during liver decellularization. The results demonstrated that the application of an MMP inhibitor significantly improved the preservation of ECM components and mechanical properties of the bioscaffolds, which supported cell viability and function in vitro. The study also confirmed that the MMP inhibition led to the inhibition of MMP2 and MMP9, providing a novel method to enhance ECM preservation during liver decellularization.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Mohammadsadegh Nadimifar, Weiguang Jin, Clara Coll-Satue, Gizem Bor, Paul Joseph Kempen, Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi, Leticia Hosta-Rigau
Summary: This study presents a metal-phenolic self-assembly approach that can prepare nanoparticles fully made of hemoglobin. The nanoparticles exhibit good oxygen binding and releasing capabilities.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Jyoti Kumari, Roel Hammink, Jochem Baaij, Frank A. D. T. G. Wagener, Paul H. J. Kouwer
Summary: Fibrosis is the formation of fibrous connective tissue in response to injury, leading to organ dysfunction. A novel hybrid hydrogel combining synthetic polyisocyanide with hyaluronic acid has been developed, showing strong antifibrotic properties.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
Letter
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Melissa Machado Rodrigues, Cristian Padilha Fontoura, Charlene Silvestrin Celi Garcia, Sandro Tomaz Martins, Joao Antonio Pegas Henriques, Carlos Alejandro Figueroa, Mariana Roesch Ely, Cesar Aguzzoli
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Jessica Polak, David Sachs, Nino Scherrer, Adrian Suess, Huan Liu, Mitchell Levesque, Sabine Werner, Edoardo Mazza, Gaetana Restivo, Mirko Meboldt, Costanza Giampietro
Summary: Human skin equivalents (HSEs) play a crucial role in tissue engineering. This study introduces a 3D-printed culture insert to apply a static radial constraint on HSEs and examines its effects on tissue characteristics. The results show that the diameter of the culture insert significantly influences tissue contraction, fibroblast and matrix organization, keratinocyte differentiation, epidermal stratification, and basement membrane formation. This study provides important insights for the design of skin tissue engineering.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
Review
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Shiliang Chen, Tianming Du, Hanbing Zhang, Jing Qi, Yanping Zhang, Yongliang Mu, Aike Qiao
Summary: This paper reviewed the primary methods for improving the overall properties of biodegradable zinc stents. It discussed the mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and biocompatibility of various improvement strategies. Alloying was found to be the most common, simple, and effective method for improving mechanical properties. Deformation processing and surface modification further improved the mechanical properties and biological activity of zinc alloys. Meanwhile, structural design could endow stents with special properties. Manufacturing zinc alloys with excellent properties and exploring their interaction mechanism with the human body are areas for future research.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
