Review
Clinical Neurology
Mi Su, Xiaoxiao Ouyang, Yongyan Song
Summary: This meta-analysis supports the association between depression and inflammation, with NLR being a potential indicator of depression. However, no significant differences were found in PLR and MLR values between depressed subjects and controls. Further large-scale studies are needed to evaluate the role of PLR and MLR in depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Qian Song, Song-Xiao Xu, Jun-Zhou Wu, Lin Ling, Sheng Wang, Xin-Hua Shu, Dan-Ni Ying, Wang-Wei Pei, Yu-Chen Wu, Su-Fang Sun, Yi-Ning Zhang, Si-Hang Zhou, Zhu-Yan Shao
Summary: This study analyzed data from 991 ovarian cancer patients and found that the lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) and platelet to neutrophil ratio (PNR) were independent prognostic indicators of ovarian cancer. In contrast, the platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) had limited prognostic value. In conclusion, LMR and PNR are superior prognostic indicators in ovarian cancer.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yanyan Wei, Junhui Feng, Jinbao Ma, Dongning Chen, Jingxu Chen
Summary: This study examines the role of alterations in the immune-inflammation system in affective disorders, specifically major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR) are investigated as inflammation markers. The findings reveal elevated NLR and MLR in first-episode and recurrent MDD patients, as well as higher NLR and MLR and lower PLR in BD patients. Moreover, BD manic episode patients have significantly higher NLR and MLR compared to BD depressive episode patients or MDD patients. Overall, this study highlights the importance of systemic inflammation in the pathophysiology of MDD and BD, particularly during manic BD episodes.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiaoping Long, Ting Zhang, Shan Duan
Summary: This study found that changes in white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, platelet count, NLR, LMR and PLR were closely associated with COVID-19 pneumonia. Monitoring these blood markers may assist in evaluating the progression of the disease.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fanchao Meng, Xiuping Yan, Junhui Qi, Fan He
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association and potential non-linear relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR) with depression. Based on a cross-sectional study of US adults, it was found that only PLR was significantly associated with depression. Furthermore, the relationships between NLR, PLR, and MLR with depression were found to be non-linear.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Jiali Leng, Fei Wu, Lihui Zhang
Summary: This meta-analysis found that pretreatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) may serve as biomarkers for predicting poor prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer, while monocyte-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) is not associated with prognosis.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Peng Ning, Fan Yang, Jun Kang, Jing Yang, Jiaxing Zhang, Yi Tang, Yanghong Ou, Haiyan Wan, Hongyi Cao
Summary: This study found that platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) were associated with arterial stiffness in patients with diabetes. Among them, NLR showed higher accuracy in predicting arterial stiffness.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Yanwei Cheng, Yiwen Wang, Xiangyi Wang, Zhuoya Jiang, Lijun Zhu, Shaokuan Fang
Summary: This study found that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are significantly higher in patients with depression. However, the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) is slightly higher but not significantly different. Sensitivity and subgroup analysis revealed differences in inflammatory ratios in different regions and in patients with post-stroke depression (PSD).
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Qiang He, Shuo Wang, Haoan Chen, Lili Long, Bo Xiao, Kai Hu
Summary: This study aimed to explore the possibility of using neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) to predict the prognosis of viral encephalitis (VE). The results showed that elevated NLR and MLR were associated with poor prognosis in VE patients and identified as independent risk factors. NLR > 4.32 and MLR > 0.44 were suggested as cutoff thresholds for predicting poor prognosis in VE.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hulya Albayrak
Summary: This study found that the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio (NMR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) can be important indicators for evaluating the treatment of psoriasis patients. The SII showed strong positive correlations with the NLR, NMR, and PLR. TNF-α blockers such as Adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab were found to be especially effective on PLR, NLR, and NMR.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Donatella Marazziti, Samuele Torrigiani, Manuel G. Carbone, Federico Mucci, Walter Flamini, Tea Ivaldi, Liliana Dell'Osso
Summary: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorders (BDs) are the most severe types of mood disorders (MDs) and are highly disabling worldwide. Inflammatory neuroinflammation may play a role in the pathophysiology of MDs, and there is increasing evidence of its relationship with neurotransmitters, the HPA axis, and neurotrophic factors. Evaluating ratios of neutrophil/lymphocyte, platelet/lymphocyte, and monocyte/lymphocyte in peripheral blood provides a simple method for assessing inflammatory status. This review aims to explore the possible relationships between these ratios and MDs and their potential use in clinical research. The majority of included studies reported higher values of these ratios, particularly in patients with BD during a manic episode, suggesting that they may serve as both state and trait markers. Furthermore, increased NLR and PLR levels appear to predict post-stroke depression. These findings highlight the need for further research and suggest that NLR, PLR, and MLR may be promising tools for evaluating the inflammatory system and understanding the etiology and course of MDs.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jenifer Vaughan, Tracey Wiggill, Denise Lawrie, Merriam Machaba, Moosa Patel
Summary: This study evaluated prognostic indicators in DLBCL patients and HIV-associated DLBCL in South Africa, finding that monocyte count, L:M ratio, and HLA-DRlow monocyte number are not strong prognostic indicators in HIV-DLBCL, while low CD4 count and neutrophilia are important prognostic indicators. The study also found that elevation of MO-Y may serve as a potential biomarker of antitumor immunity, requiring further investigation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Plaja, Iris Teruel, Maria Ochoa-de-Olza, Marc Cucurull, Alvaro Javier Arroyo, Beatriz Pardo, Irene Ortiz, Marta Gil-Martin, Josep Maria Piulats, Helena Pla, Claudia Fina, Anna Carbo, Maria-Pilar Barretina-Ginesta, Sergio Martinez-Roman, Elvira Carballas, Andrea Gonzalez, Anna Esteve, Margarita Romeo
Summary: Despite a multimodal radical treatment, mortality of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (AEOC) remains high. This study investigates the prognostic value of neutrophil, monocyte, and platelet to lymphocyte ratios (NLR, MLR, PLR) in newly diagnosed AEOC patients undergoing primary debulking surgery (PDS) or interval debulking surgery (IDS). The results suggest that NLR and PLR may have prognostic value in PDS, but not in IDS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wang Lijuan, Zhou Yuting, Liang Chaoyang, Yang Ju
Summary: The study found that NLR and PLR were associated with disease activity in RA patients based on the DAS28 scoring system, but LMR showed no significant difference. However, these indicators performed poorly in differentiating active RA patients from inactive RA patients compared to traditional inflammatory markers with higher sensitivity and specificity. Combining NLR or PLR did not significantly improve the diagnostic value of ESR and CRP.
Article
Immunology
Zhiwei Liu, Yimeng Li, Yaoyao Wang, Haifeng Zhang, Yajun Lian, Xuan Cheng
Summary: NLR and MLR are associated with the severity and prognosis of AE and can serve as indicators for monitoring disease progression and identifying potentially severe patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Michael Pritsch, Najib Ben Khaled, Gabriele Liegl, Soeren Schubert, Michael Hoelscher, Christine Woischke, Nathalie Arens, Julia Thorn-Seshold, Stefan Kammermeier, Andreas Wieser
Summary: Intranasal vaccination with outer membrane vesicles (OMV) from Escherichia coli strain CFT073 and three MDRGNO strains can induce strong humoral immune responses in mice, offering a potential rapid vaccine strategy to prevent infections caused by multi-drug resistant Gram-negative organisms (MDRGNO). Future studies should include challenge experiments and phase I trials in humans.
MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Patrick Soentjens, Nicole Berens-Riha, Yven Van Herrewege, Pierre Van Damme, Emmanuel Bottieau, Raffaella Ravinetto
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Magdalena K. Scheck, Lisa Lehmann, Magdalena Zaucha, Paul Schwarzlmueller, Kristina Huber, Michael Pritsch, Giovanna Barba-Spaeth, Oliver Thorn-Seshold, Anne B. Krug, Stefan Endres, Simon Rothenfusser, Julia Thorn-Seshold
Summary: Better diagnostic and analytical methods are urgently needed for vaccine research and infection control in virology. This study presents a Fluorescence Reduction Neutralisation Test (FluoRNT) for yellow fever virus, which accurately measures neutralising antibody titres in human serum samples within 24 hours.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irith De Baetselier, Christophe Van Dijck, Chris Kenyon, Jasmine Coppens, Johan Michiels, Tessa de Block, Hilde Smet, Sandra Coppens, Fien Vanroye, Joachim Jakob Bugert, Philipp Girl, Sabine Zange, Laurens Liesenborghs, Isabel Brosius, Johan van Griensven, Philippe Selhorst, Eric Florence, Dorien Van den Bossche, Kevin K. Arien, Antonio Mauro Rezende, Koen Vercauteren, Marjan Van Esbroeck
Summary: The magnitude of the 2022 monkeypox virus outbreak has exceeded any previous outbreak, and undiagnosed infections may be driving the epidemic. A study found four men attending a Belgian sexual health clinic to be infected with monkeypox. One man had a painful rash while the other three were asymptomatic, but their infections were confirmed through clinical examination. These findings suggest that undiagnosed cases of monkeypox could contribute to the transmission and scale of the 2022 outbreak.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Boris Apodaca Michel, Miriam Navarro, Michael Pritsch, Jeremy Douglas Du Plessis, Jonathan Shock, Eva-Maria Schwienhorst-Stich, Janina Zirkel, Hanna Schrader, Claudia Saavedra Irala, Gonzalo Rubilar, Carolin Gunesch, Christa Kasang, Thomas Zoller, Ildiko Gagyor, Sandra Parisi
Summary: This study investigates the use of veterinary ivermectin (vet-IVM) against Chagas disease, explores the extent and underlying factors of this phenomenon, and discusses its potential implications for the current pandemic.
Article
Immunology
Julian Ullrich, Lutz Guertler, Ernst Quenzel, Franz Weinauer, Dieter Roessler, Ulrich Kalus, Axel Pruss, Pedro Albajar-Vinas, Michael Pritsch
Summary: This study aims to investigate the risk of transfusion-associated transmission of Chagas disease in Germany and collect first-hand data on the topic. The results show that no transfusion-associated infection has been reported in Germany, but it is likely to have happened unnoticed or may occur in the near future. The authors suggest conducting risk-adapted serology-based screenings in Germany to prevent transmission events and increase case detection. Larger and ongoing studies are also needed to gather more evidence and address the neglect of Chagas disease in Germany.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ruth Kutalek, Mina Lahlal, David Kaawa-Mafigiri, Marcella Ryan-Coker, Simone Boel, Sandra Parisi, Phaik Yeong Cheah, Michael Pritsch
Summary: This opinion paper reflects on global health and global health education, discussing the challenges that the coming generation is likely to face. Rather than focusing on geographical boundaries, the paper emphasizes the importance of addressing inequalities present in all countries. It also highlights the usefulness of global perspectives on health in understanding the diversity of cultures and patients' concepts of disease. The paper discusses important challenges in the field and reflects on approaches and attitudes that are crucial in global health education, presenting opportunities and challenges for young scholars interested in this area.
WIENER MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Elena Winheim, Tabea Eser, Flora Deak, Mohamed I. M. Ahmed, Olga Baranov, Linus Rinke, Katharina Eisenacher, Antonio Santos-Peral, Hadi Karimzadeh, Michael Pritsch, Clemens Scherer, Maximilian Muenchhoff, Johannes C. Hellmuth, Michael Von Bergwelt-Baildon, Laura Olbrich, Michael Hoelscher, Andreas Wieser, Inge Kroidl, Simon Rothenfusser, Christof Geldmacher, Anne B. Krug
Summary: Dysregulation of myeloid cell compartment is observed in severe COVID-19 patients. In this study, the response of circulating dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes was compared between SARS-CoV-2 infected outpatients and individuals receiving yellow fever vaccine virus. The majority of COVID-19 outpatients showed similarities in their immune response with YF17D vaccination, while a subgroup of patients exhibited dysregulated activation of blood DCs and monocytes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Jasmine Coppens, Fien Vanroye, Isabel Brosius, Laurens Liesenborghs, Saskia van Henten, Thibaut Vanbaelen, Stefanie Bracke, Nicole Berens-Riha, Irith De Baetselier, Chris Kenyon, Patrick Soentjens, Eric Florence, Johan Van Griensven, Kevin K. Arien, Bart K. M. Jacobs, Dorien Van den Bossche, Marjan Van Esbroeck, Koen Vercauteren
Summary: This study verified the value of alternative specimen types, such as oropharyngeal swabs and saliva, for mpox laboratory confirmation. It found that saliva had higher diagnostic sensitivity and MPXV viral loads compared to oropharyngeal swabs and EDTA plasma. The recommendation to collect oropharyngeal swabs for mpox diagnosis may need to be revised to include saliva, and further research is needed to understand the potential role of saliva in disease transmission.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Margit Wirth, Rosa Isela Galvez, Johannes Jochum, Ricardo Strauss, Kaja Kristensen, August Stich, Miriam Stegemann, Philipp Stahl, Karl Philipp Puchner, Joern Strasen, Sandra Parisi, Trixi Braasch, Marion Bender, Anna Hoerning, Monika Hanke, Stefan Stoerk, Thomas Jacobs, Michael Pritsch, Thomas Zoller
Summary: Little is known about knowledge, attitudes and behaviors concerning Chagas disease (CD) among Latin American migrants in Germany to inform public health decision making. The majority of the study population had a low risk profile for infection with T. cruzi. Many participants lacked basic knowledge about symptoms and modes of transmission of Chagas disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Christophe Van Dijck, Irith De Baetselier, Chris Kenyon, Laurens Liesenborghs, Koen Vercauteren, Marjan Van Esbroeck
Article
Tropical Medicine
Michael Pritsch, Hannah Seeba, Gunter Froeschl, Peter Stingl
Summary: Chagas disease, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, can lead to serious organ damage and death if left untreated. Currently, an estimated 6-7 million people worldwide are infected. The infection, initially found in rural areas of Latin America, has spread to urban areas and non-endemic regions through population movements and non-vectorial transmission. The World Health Organization categorizes Chagas disease as one of the neglected tropical diseases, and only a small fraction of those affected receive adequate care. In autumn 2022, Germany published recommendations for addressing the neglect and reducing the socioeconomic burden, morbidity, and mortality associated with the disease.
FLUGMEDIZIN TROPENMEDIZIN REISEMEDIZIN
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nicole Berens-Riha, Stefanie Bracke, Jojanneke Rutgers, Christophe Burm, Liesbeth Van Gestel, Matilde Hens, Chris Kenyon, Emmanuel Bottieau, Patrick Soentjens, Isabel Brosius, Marjan Van Esbroeck, Koen Vercauteren, Johan van Griensven, Christophe van Dijck, Laurens Liesenborghs
Summary: Little is known about persistent morbidity in mpox patients during the 2022 global Clade IIb outbreak. A prospective cohort study of 95 mpox patients assessed 3-20 weeks post-symptom onset found that two-thirds of participants had residual morbidity, including persistence of anorectal and genital symptoms in 25 and 18 patients, respectively. Additionally, loss of physical fitness, new-onset/worsened fatigue, and mental health problems were reported in 36, 19, and 11 patients, respectively. These findings require attention from healthcare providers.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nicole Berens-Riha, Petra Andries, Annelies Aerssens, Quentin Ledure, Yolien van der Beken, Leo Heyndrickx, Els Genbrugge, Achilleas Tsoumanis, Yven Van Herrewege, Kevin K. Arien, Martine Van Innis, Peter Vanbrabant, Patrick Soentjens
Summary: The purpose of this exploratory study was to evaluate different accelerated TBE vaccine schedules for last-minute travelers. The results showed that the accelerated two-visit intradermal schedules might offer a better immunological alternative to the recommended classical accelerated intramuscular schedule.
JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Immunology
Frank Maixner, Dennis Drescher, Giulia Boccalini, Dario Piombino-Mascali, Marek Janko, Nicole Berens-Riha, Bum Jin Kim, Michelle Gamble, Jolanthe Schatterny, Rory E. Morty, Melanie Ludwig, Ben Krause-Kyora, Robert Stark, Hyun Joo An, Jens Neumann, Giovanna Cipollini, Rudolf Grimm, Nicole Kilian, Albert Zink
Summary: Microscopy of mummified visceral tissue from a Medici family member in Italy revealed a potential blood vessel with erythrocytes. Giemsa staining, atomic force microscopy, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of Plasmodium falciparum within these erythrocytes. These findings suggest an ancient Mediterranean presence of P. falciparum, which continues to be responsible for most malaria deaths in Africa.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
