Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sanjib Sau, Subhankar Pandit, Sarathi Kundu
Summary: In this study, a simple heat treatment method is used to modify the crystallinity and mechanical properties of PVA films, resulting in potential applications in industries such as textiles and food packaging. By heating the films at different temperatures and time intervals, improvements in their properties such as crystallinity and mechanical strength were observed, paving the way for enhanced performance in various applications.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Composites
Seo Jeong Yoon, Jaehoon Baek, Jong-Beom Baek, In-Yup Jeon
Summary: By doping hexene-functionalized graphitic nanoplatelets (HxGNs) into polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the mechanical properties of PVC, especially its toughness, can be significantly improved. This is attributed to the unique properties of HxGNs and the excellent interfacial interactions between HxGNs and the PVC chain.
POLYMER COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Davood Rahmatabadi, Kianoosh Soltanmohammadi, Mohammad Aberoumand, Elyas Soleyman, Ismaeil Ghasemi, Majid Baniassadi, Karen Abrinia, Mahdi Bodaghi, Mostafa Baghani
Summary: In this study, pure food-grade PVC was successfully 3D printed, and the influence of different printing parameters on the mechanical properties was investigated. It was found that raster angle and printing velocity significantly affected the mechanical properties, while layer thickness and nozzle diameter had little effect. The study demonstrated the superior mechanical properties of 3D-printed PVC compared to other commercial filaments.
MACROMOLECULAR MATERIALS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Byoung-Min Lee, Jonghwan Jung, Hui-Jeong Gwon, Taek Sung Hwang
Summary: In this study, eco-friendly and effective plasticizers based on isosorbide were synthesized and characterized. The alkyl-chain length of the plasticizer was found to affect the properties of PVC sheets, where increasing the alkyl-chain length improved the strength and modulus of the PVC sheets but reduced their elongation. Epoxidation of the plasticizer enhanced its plasticizing properties, and the synthesized plasticizers exhibited better thermal stability compared to a commercial plasticizer.
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jonildo dos Santos Silva, Priamo Albuquerque Melo, Jose Carlos Pinto
Summary: In this paper, a mathematical model is developed to describe the trajectories and final particle size distributions of poly(vinyl chloride) suspension polymerization reactors on an industrial scale. The model includes mass balances, statistical moment balances, equilibrium relationships, and population balance equations. The results show that classical breakage and coalescence kernels can accurately fit actual industrial data, when combined with proper parameter estimation procedures. It is also found that the use of a top condenser can influence the control of particle size distributions.
Review
Polymer Science
Krzysztof Lewandowski, Katarzyna Skorczewska
Summary: This article provides a literature review on the recycling of PVC, including mechanical recycling and feedstock recycling methods. It also introduces the characteristics of PVC and its potential in the circular economy.
Article
Polymer Science
Carlos M. R. Abreu, Talita C. Rezende, Armenio C. Serra, Ana C. Fonseca, Rebecca Braslau, Jorge F. J. Coelho
Summary: A new strategy of internal plasticization of PVC was achieved by copolymerization of VC with n-BA and OEOA. The effect of solvent, initiator, polymerization temperature, and VC/n-BA/OEOA ratios on Tg of the resulting copolymers was investigated. The internally plasticized PVC copolymers showed lower Tg values than predicted, indicating effective plasticization of PVC. Under optimized conditions, different degrees of internal plasticization could be achieved by varying the initial monomer ratio. Importantly, the plasticizing moieties were covalently bonded to the polymer, resulting in no migration during extraction.
Article
Polymer Science
Jolanta Tomaszewska, Tomasz Sterzynski, Damian Walczak
Summary: The study investigated the thermal stability of PVC with 1 wt % of spherical porous nanosilica prepared by roll milling at various processing times. The addition of porous nanosilica was found to improve thermal stability by absorbing HCl gas produced during dehydrochlorination reaction, resulting in minor color changes and lower evolution of hydrogen chloride gas. The results showed that TGA measurements were not sensitive enough to detect PVC degradation at processing conditions below 220 degrees C.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Elvis Lopes Brito, Bertrand Willocq, Frederic Boschet, Nicholas Ballard
Summary: Although PVC is usually produced industrially by emulsion and suspension polymerization, it is rarely used directly as an aqueous polymer dispersion. However, this study shows that it is possible to produce high PVC content latexes with suitable particle morphology and size distribution for direct film formation. Hybrid PVC/acrylic latexes with a core-shell structure are produced by semi-batch emulsion polymerization using a preformed PVC latex as a seed. By using a bimodal particle size distribution, the packing efficiency of the PVC domains is increased, enabling film formation at room temperature with high PVC content.
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nancy G. Bush, Mikiyas K. Assefa, Selin Bac, Shaama Mallikarjun Sharada, Megan E. Fieser
Summary: In the presence of (xantphos)RhCl catalyst, reaction of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) with triethyl silane in THF leads to partial reduction of PVC via hydrodechlorination. Increasing catalyst loading or using N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) as a solvent decreases the selectivity for hydrodechlorination. Reaction of PVC with sodium formate in THF affords excellent selectivity for hydrodechlorination along with complete PVC dechlorination, while higher catalyst loadings are required. In contrast, reaction of PVC with NaH in DMA exhibits good selectivity for dehydrochlorination and higher reaction rates.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Carmen Mijangos, Itxaso Calafel, Antxon Santamaria
Summary: Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is a widely used commodity polymer that is continuously evolving. It has recently been demonstrated that PVC is suitable for extrusion-based 3D printing, allowing the production of tailored flexible and ductile PVC objects. This article describes the important characteristics of PVC, including production and applications, as well as its drawbacks of thermal degradation and plasticizer exudation. The article also discusses recent efforts and advances in overcoming these limitations and developing new applications through modification reactions and the use of PVC formulations in additive manufacturing.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Katarzyna Skorczewska, Joanna Szulc, Krzysztof Lewandowski, Anna Ligocka, Slawomir Wilczewski
Summary: The purpose of this study was to modify plasticised PVC with natural cassia oil (CO) to obtain a material with antimicrobial properties and selected mechanical properties. The modified material showed increased antioxidant activity with the increase in cassia oil content and the duration of action. The largest growth inhibition zones were observed for L. monocytogenes. The modifier had a plasticising effect on PVC, evidenced by the decrease in modulus of elasticity and T-g, and the increase in elongation at break. The developed material may find application in the packaging used to store minimally processed food as an active and/or functional material emitting antimicrobial agents.
Article
Polymer Science
Rabia Arslan, Mehmet Atilla Tasdelen, Mehmet Arslan
Summary: This study reports a benign chemical modification method for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) using the Barbier reaction. By generating nucleophilic alkyl-magnesium chloride groups on the polymer backbone, the structure of PVC can be modified to improve its functionalization degree. The method is simple and can be easily adjusted to achieve the desired level of functionalization.
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Huichao Zhu, Jianjun Yang, Mingyuan Wu, Qingyun Wu, Jiuyi Liu, Jianan Zhang
Summary: Two castor oil acid esters containing a ketal or ketone group were prepared as alternative plasticizers for PVC, showing excellent plasticizing properties and improved thermal stability and migration resistance of the PVC blends. Introducing ketal groups into plasticizer may be an effective strategy for enhancing plasticizing efficiency.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Angham G. Hadi, Sadiq J. Baqir, Dina S. Ahmed, Gamal A. El-Hiti, Hassan Hashim, Ahmed Ahmed, Benson M. Kariuki, Emad Yousif
Summary: Poly(vinyl chloride) can undergo degradation when exposed to radiation and high temperatures, but the addition of stabilizers, such as tin complexes of 4-methoxybenzoic acid, can inhibit this degradation and enhance its stability. By doping PVC with these tin complexes, the stability of the material under ultraviolet light irradiation is improved, resulting in reduced weight loss and molecular fragmentation.
