Article
Polymer Science
Ishah H. Alshehri, David Pahovnik, Ema Zagar, Devon A. Shipp
Summary: Gradient copolymers of n-butyl acrylate (nBA) and isobornyl acrylate (IBA) were prepared using reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) emulsion polymerization. The stepwise monomer addition process allowed for pre-specified gradient compositions to be obtained. H-1 NMR characterization revealed the gradient behavior of the copolymers. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis showed that gradient copolymers had broader glass-transition regions compared to homopolymers and statistical copolymers. The thermal properties of the copolymers can be controlled by the choice of comonomer feed composition and the steepness of the comonomer feed.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Alexandre Cordier, Marcel Klinksiek, Christoph Held, Julien Legros, Sebastien Leveneur
Summary: The use of enzymes for chemical reactions has increased in recent years, leading to the development of various models to describe their kinetics. The Michaelis-Menten model is commonly used for reactions with only one substrate, while more complex models like the Ping-Pong Bi-Bi model are needed for bimolecular systems like esterification. These advanced models are crucial for scaling up reactors and optimizing production. However, these models typically do not take into account the reaction temperature.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anil Kumar Nain
Summary: This study measured the ultrasonic speeds and viscosities of binary mixtures of benzonitrile with various alkyl acrylates at different temperatures, and calculated various physical properties. The properties of these mixtures at different temperatures and compositions, as well as the intermolecular interactions, were discussed based on the analysis.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Kazuki Matsuura, Keiichi Kuboyama, Toshiaki Ougizawa
Summary: Poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PnBA) and silica nanoparticle composites were studied using various analytical techniques, revealing the presence of amorphous bulk and interfacial regions in the composites. The mobility of side chains at the interfaces differed from that in the bulk polymer, attributed to interactions between the carbonyl groups in PnBA and the silica surfaces. This indicated a closer proximity of PnBA main chains near interfaces with silicon oxide compared to those in the bulk polymer.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Mohanad Idrees, Heedong Yoon, Giuseppe R. Palmese, Nicolas J. Alvarez
Summary: This study shows that the toughness of thermosetting polymers can be improved by altering the crosslink density through the incorporation of urethane oligomers. By adding a commercial urethane acrylate resin in different proportions to a brittle methacrylated Bis-GMA resin, known as DA2, a new method to enhance the toughness of the material is demonstrated. The results indicate that optimizing the amount of urethane acrylate can improve toughness without significantly sacrificing mechanical properties, and synergistic effects in modulus and strength exist at specific blend concentrations.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
T. Ntambwe Kambuyi, B. Bejjany, B. Lekhlif, H. Mellouk, K. Digua, A. Dani
Summary: The study utilized electrocoagulation for turbidity removal from surface water in an internal loop airlift batch reactor, and designed a CFSC reactor for continuous treatment. The CFSC reactor showed more effective turbidity removal efficiency compared to the batch reactor, with lower energy consumption and better mixing capabilities.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Rongguan Yin, Yuqi Zhao, Adam Gorczynski, Grzegorz Szczepaniak, Mingkang Sun, Liye Fu, Khidong Kim, Hanshu Wu, Michael R. Bockstaller, Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
Summary: An alternating P-(MMA/BA) copolymer was synthesized using the ARGET ATRP method, and subsequent postpolymerization modifications were performed. The modified copolymer showed different architecture compared to gradient and statistical copolymers, with a narrower range of glass transition.
Article
Polymer Science
Hannah Grotian genannt Klages, Nihal Ermis, Gerrit Albert Luinstra, Kristina Maria Zentel
Summary: A kinetic model based on radical polymerization fundamentals and known rate parameters for n-butyl acrylate polymerization was established and validated against molecular analysis and rheological data, predicting conversion, molar mass distribution, and branching densities. Rheological measurements of synthesized model polymers showed small differences in long chain branching degree were dominated by differences in molar mass, with anharmonics contributing minimally to viscoelastic responses in large amplitude oscillations.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Ibrahim Refai, Maryam Agboluaje, Robin A. Hutchinson
Summary: This study investigates the influence of solvent on the radical copolymerization propagation kinetics of MA and tBuAAm using the PLP-SEC technique. It is found that the copolymerization rate coefficients increase systematically with increasing MA content in the comonomer mixture, but fail to represent the data in systems with water content greater than 50%.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Carlos M. R. Abreu, Ana C. Fonseca, Daniela F. S. L. Rodrigues, Talita C. Rezende, Joana R. C. C. Marques, Arnaldo J. C. Tomas, Pedro M. F. O. Goncalves, Armenio C. Serra, Jorge F. J. Coelho
Summary: Industrially viable nonmigratory internal plasticization of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is achieved through the synthesis of block copolymer poly(vinyl chloride)-b-poly(n-butyl acrylate)-b-poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC-b-PBA-b-PVC) using aqueous single electron transfer degenerative chain transfer living radical polymerization (SET-DTLRP) technique. The resulting copolymers showed better overall performance than commercial flexible PVC due to the introduction of a temperature step in the synthesis process. The non-migratory nature of the plasticizing moieties of the PVC-b-PBA-b-PVC block copolymers ensures the stability of the material after extraction.
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Dongxue Liu, Gangyao Wen, Athanasios Skandalis, Stergios Pispas, Guanying He, Wang Zhang
Summary: The study investigates the aggregation behavior of a triblock terpolymer at the air/water interface under different subphase pH and temperature conditions. The results show that the terpolymer forms isolated micelles of different shapes under acidic and alkaline conditions, and exhibits different isotherm behaviors.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Toussaint Ntambwe Kambuyi, Zakia Zmirli, Bouchra Bejjany, Hamid Mellouk, Khalid Digua, Brahim Lekhlif, Adil Dani
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different CFSC reactor configurations on performance, finding that increasing the number of Working Up-Flow Channels can reduce electrode consumption, improve mixing time, decrease residual aluminium concentration, and enhance water treatment efficiency.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Joseph A. Sarver, Joshua A. Rasco, Xian Jiang, Jozef Van Dun, Erdogan Kiran
Summary: The thermal transitions and physical foaming of an ethylene/acrylic acid/n-butyl acrylate ionomer with carbon dioxide were investigated through experiments and high-pressure torsional braid analysis. The development of foam morphology along the rigidity reduction path in CO2 was studied, providing insights into the selection of a rational foaming approach.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ya-Nan Yang, Chen-Xu Zhu, Yin-Ning Zhou, Zheng-Hong Luo
Summary: This study investigates the non-isothermality of acrylate polymerization process using a deterministic moment-based modeling approach combined with the divergence criterion. The operating parameters of the polymerization reactor were optimized through simulation, which provided a safe operating window and demonstrated the suitability of a pseudo-isothermal process for tuning the molecular properties of the resulting polymers. This research proposes a deterministic simulation method for both process safety and molecular properties control.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Stanislaw Sosnowski, Ryszard Szymanski, Francesca Lorandi, Mateusz Olszewski, Julian Sobieski, Rongguan Yin, Michael R. Bockstaller, Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
Summary: Numerical simulations showed that statistical copolymers with 1:1 BA/MMA composition have the highest contribution of alternating sequences, while batch ATRP of a 1:1 BA/MMA mixture generates gradient copolymers with diminished fraction of alternating sequences. A method for preparing statistical BA/MMA copolymers with the highest fraction of alternating sequences through normal ATRP copolymerization with MMA feeding was proposed to maximize the amount of alternating sequences in the copolymers.
