Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hao Shan, Lili Yan, Bo Xu, Dong Wang, Menglin Wu
Summary: Poly(triazine-phosphamide) BPGA consisting of benzenemelamine and phenyl phosphonic dichloride was synthesized and characterized. The combination of BPGA and melamine cyanurate (MCA) showed synergistic flame-retardant properties in PA6, improving flame retardancy, self-extinguishing property, and char residue. The interactions between BPGA and MCA resulted in the formation of thermally stable residues and quenching of free-radical chain reactions, contributing to gas-phase flame inhibition.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Wenhao Yang, Jing Liang, Shuilai Qiu, Yifan Zhou, Bin Zou, Jingwen Wang, Lei Song, Yuan Hu
Summary: This study prepares functional BP nanosheets by combining the smoke suppression mechanism and oxidation resistance mechanism, which effectively enhances the fire safety. It provides a new approach for the preparation of high-performance epoxy composites.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wenhao Liu, Zhengwen Wang, Shuqian Su, Hongzhi Wu, Mingmei Sun, Linsheng Tang
Summary: It has been found that zinc oxide (ZnO) exhibits exceptional synergy with other flame retardants in polypropylene composites, leading to significant improvements in flame retardant efficiency and suppression of flame propagation. Additionally, ZnO can effectively inhibit the production of smoke and carbon monoxide (CO).
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Jianbin Li, Yueling Chen, Jie Sun, Sheng Zhang, Jingbiao Ye, Ying Jin, Zhengqiu Li, Baoshu Chen
Summary: This study prepared a layered intumescent flame retardant (IFR)-graphene oxide (GO) and used it to prepare multi-scale polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) composites with the addition of glass fiber (GF), boron nitride (BN), and nano SiO2 flame retardant synergists of different shapes and sizes. The results showed that the SiO2-containing composites exhibited excellent flame resistance, achieving a flame retardant grade of V-0 and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 32%. The IFR-GO, PBT, and SiO2 formed a multi-scale network structure and interacted via hydrogen bonding, catalyzing in situ charring.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Zhengdong Wang, Tong Zhang, Mengyuan Hao, Mengli Li, Yuanhang Zhou, Wenjie Sun, Jinkai Wang, Yonghong Cheng
Summary: In this study, a solution using nitrogen and boron co-effect flame-retardant (MB-BNNS) functionalized boron nitride nanosheets was presented to enhance the thermal conductivity and flame retardance of epoxy resin while maintaining excellent electrical insulation properties. The MB-BNNS were prepared by grafting MB onto boron nitride surfaces through a simple ball-milling and eco-friendly water scrubbing process. Epoxy composites with uniformly dispersed MB-BNNS were obtained via wet processing. The 5 vol% EP/MB-BNNS composite exhibited optimal comprehensive performance, with 108% increase in thermal conductivity, 36.44% and 32.06% decrease in peak heat release rate and total heat release rate, respectively, and a slight decrease in dielectric breakdown strength. Furthermore, the release percentages of toxic and combustible gases in the EP/MB-BNNS composite system were significantly reduced, as measured through in-situ measurement.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Xueming Sun, Zhiwei Li, Oisik Das, Mikael S. Hedenqvist
Summary: In order to enhance the flame retardancy and smoke suppression of epoxy resin (EP), a novel inorganic-organic nanocomposite flame retardant, zinc ferrite@polyphosphazene (ZF@PZS) was developed. The combination of inorganic zinc ferrite and organic polyphosphazene improved the compatibility and flame retardant performance. The synergistic effects of ZF@PZS showed excellent flame retardant and smoke suppression properties in the EP matrix. Compared to neat EP, the EP with 5 phr ZF@PZS exhibited higher limiting oxygen index, lower heat release rate, smoke production rate, and carbon monoxide production. Furthermore, the addition of ZF@PZS resulted in the generation of denser, more stable, and rigid residues, leading to improved flame retardancy.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Deepak Rawtani, Swath Satish, Piyush Rao
Summary: Industrial and academic communities are closely following the advancements in polymer nanocomposite technology, which aims to enhance specific characteristics through the combination of nanomaterials. The properties of resulting nanocomposites depend on factors such as the choice of clay, pretreatment, choice of polymers, and the method of incorporating polymers. The addition of nanoparticles to polymers significantly changes the properties of the composites, with the effects relying on the processing and surface treatment of the nanomaterials. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have surface features that allow for surface modifications, and their inter-tubular and interfacial interactions with polymers enhance the thermal properties of the nanocomposites. Halloysite has been recognized as a suitable nanomaterial to improve the thermal stability and flame retardancy of resulting nanocomposites.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mohsen Hajibeygi, Faezeh Soltani, Meisam Shabanian, Mahdiye Maleki, Hossein Ali Khonakdar, Benjamin Kruppke
Summary: In this study, a strategy was used to prepare dioctyl phthalate (DOP) plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nanocomposites with improved thermal stability, Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI), tensile strength, and reduced total heat release. This was achieved by combining Mg(OH)(2) nanoparticles, bentonite nano-sheets, and melamine cyanurate (MC). The addition of MC-modified Mg(OH)(2)@bentonite nanohybrid (MMHB) enhanced the thermal stability of PVC, as shown by increased thermal decomposition temperature. The PVC nanocomposites containing MMHB also exhibited higher flame retardancy and improved mechanical properties.
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kexuan Chen, Qiuru Bao, Gang Chen, Shulong Wu, Yuan Liu, Qi Wang
Summary: LLDPE was combined with PAPP and MCA to prepare a flame retardant LLDPE composite. The optimal flame retardant effect was achieved with a PAPP/MCA mass ratio of 4:1. The LLDPE composite, with 25 wt% addition amount, passed the UL-94 V-0 level and had a limiting oxygen index of 29.4%. The decrease in peak heat release rate by 78.9% was attributed to the synergistic effect between PAPP and MCA, resulting in the formation of a stable and compact char layer. Thermal behaviors were characterized through TG analysis and the synergistic mechanism was investigated using SEM, TG-IR, and XPS.
FIRE AND MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Wei Cai, Zhaoxin Li, Tianyang Cui, Xiaming Feng, Lei Song, Yuan Hu, Xin Wang
Summary: This study presents a bio-mimetic MXene@SnO2 hierarchical nanostructure that effectively enhances the flame retardancy and de-icing performance of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) resin. The addition of hierarchical MXene@SnO2 nanostructures reduces heat release and toxic smoke, while also promoting solar absorption and photo-thermal conversion. The TPU-MXene@SnO2 nanocomposites exhibit improved ice melting capabilities and mechanical properties, making them suitable for extreme environments.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Xiang Li, Songgang Fang
Summary: In the plastic industry, recycling waste plastic to produce flame retardant PET helps save energy and reduce emissions. The effects of different additives (MCA, ADP, Kaol) on the flame retardant properties, combustion behavior, thermal degradation behaviors, and mechanical properties of R-PET composites were studied. The results showed that ADP had the best flame retardant effect, and Kaol improved both the flame retardant and mechanical properties of the composites.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Siyi Xu, Jianxi Li, Qunfeng Ye, Liguo Shen, Hongjun Lin
Summary: This study proposed a strategy to combine aluminum hydroxide and melamine cyanurate with ethylene vinyl acetate to prepare EVA composite materials with high flame resistance. The addition of melamine cyanurate improved the thermal stability and flame resistance of EVA, with the optimal EVA-60-40 composition displaying the best fire resistance.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Christopher Igwe Idumah
Summary: Due to the high inflammability of polymeric materials, enhancing their fire resistance has become a huge challenge in order to ensure safety in areas such as aerospace, automotive, and oil and gas industries. Recent advancements in 2-D nanomaterials, like graphene and carbon nanotubes, have offered superior properties for multifunctional applications, but researchers are searching for new 2-D nanomaterials to overcome their deficiencies. Phosphorene, a 2-D nanomaterial similar to graphene, has been developed and embedded into various polymeric matrices to create PN@polymer nanocomposites with applications in energy, electronics, sensing, and other fields. This article provides insights into the flame retardancy, synthesis, characterization, properties, and applications of P-N@polymeric nanocomposites.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Wenduo Wang, Zhengzhou Wang
Summary: Layered zinc N, N'-piperazine (bismethylene phosphonate) functionalizing reduced graphene oxide (rGO@ZnPB) can enhance the flame retardancy and thermal mechanical properties of epoxy resin, as well as improve its thermal stability and glass transition temperature. The EP/rGO@ZnPB composites exhibit significant advantages in flame retardancy and thermal performance.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Lei Wang, Jianlei Wang, Lixin Wu, Xin Wang
Summary: A melamine-based thermal-insulating aerogel with outstanding compressibility, thermal insulation, and fire-retardant properties has been developed. It is more competitive than traditional polymers and can find wider application in the field of packaging insulation.
COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Claude Lambre, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Eric Barthelemy, Evgenia Lampi
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Claude Lambre, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Alexandros Lioupis, Evgenia Lampi
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Claude Lambre, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Alexandros Lioupis, Evgenia Lampi
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Claude Lambre, Marcel Mengelers, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Alexandros Lioupis, Evgenia Lampi
Article
Polymer Science
Konstantina Chronaki, Dimitrios M. Korres, Constantine D. Papaspyrides, Stamatina Vouyiouka
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Athanasios Porfyris, Constantine D. Papaspyrides, Natnael Behabtu, Cristian Lenges, Alexander Kopatsis
Summary: In this study, the nature-identical engineered polysaccharide alpha-(1,3) glucan was chemically modified by acylation with succinic anhydride. The reaction conditions were optimized and the products were characterized using various analysis techniques, showing that the acylation pathway partially modified the polysaccharide's properties.
Article
Polymer Science
Angeliki D. Mytara, Athanasios D. Porfyris, Stamatina N. Vouyiouka, Constantine D. Papaspyrides
Summary: Investigating the direct solid state polymerization of PA 612 salt, it was found that reactor design plays a critical role in bypassing the solid melt transition phenomena and maintaining solid state during the reaction. Fossil-based PA 612 products showed better end-group imbalance compared to bio-based ones, which is crucial for achieving high molecular weight in the polymerization process.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Cristina Croera, Evgenia Lampi
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Beat Johannes Bruschweiler, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Alexandros Lioupis, Evgenia Lampi
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Beat Johannes Bruschweiler, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Alexandros Lioupis, Evgenia Lampi
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Beat Johannes Bruschweiler, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Alexandros Lioupis, Evgenia Lampi
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Alexandros Lioupis, Katharina Volk, Evgenia Lampi
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine D. Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Alexandros Lioupis, Katharina Volk, Evgenia Lampi
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Katharina Volk, Evgenia Lampi
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vittorio Silano, Jose Manuel Barat Baviera, Claudia Bolognesi, Andrew Chesson, Pier Sandro Cocconcelli, Riccardo Crebelli, David Michael Gott, Konrad Grob, Alicja Mortensen, Gilles Riviere, Inger-Lise Steffensen, Christina Tlustos, Henk Van Loveren, Laurence Vernis, Holger Zorn, Vincent Dudler, Maria Rosaria Milana, Constantine Papaspyrides, Maria de Fatima Tavares Pocas, Alexis Lioupis, Cristina Croera, Evgenia Lampi
