Article
Immunology
Rohan Willis, Thomas C. R. McDonnell, Charis Pericleous, Emilio B. Gonzalez, Alvaro Schleh, Zurina Romay-Penabad, Ian P. Giles, Anisur Rahman
Summary: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by vascular thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity. The current treatment options have limitations, and there is a need for more targeted therapies. Researchers developed a modified protein variant using site-specific chemical addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG), which effectively inhibited thrombus formation caused by pathogenic antibodies. These findings provide further evidence supporting the potential efficacy of PEG-modified protein as a treatment option for APS.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Katarina Kmet'ova, Elena Lonina, Srilakshmi Yalavarthi, Jerrold S. Levine, Claire K. Hoy, Cyrus Sarosh, Kelsey Gockman, Alexandra E. Morris, Ajay Tambralli, Jacqueline A. Madison, Yu Zuo, Rebecca Subang, Joyce Rauch, Jason S. Knight
Summary: β2GPI can bind not only to phospholipids, but also to cell-free DNA and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). The study showed that β2GPI interacts with cell-free DNA and NETs in a dose-dependent manner, retarding their migration. The authors also demonstrated the presence of β2GPI-DNA complexes in the plasma of APS patients, suggesting a potential role of this interaction in autoimmunity.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Pier Luigi Meroni, Maria Orietta Borghi
Summary: Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are essential for the diagnosis of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) and mainly target two autoantigens: beta(2)GPI and PT. The shift from dichotomous to quantitative test results provides more diagnostic/prognostic information, with IgG aPL being more valuable than IgA or IgM. The strong diagnostic/prognostic value of anti-beta(2)GPI domain 1 antibodies highlights the importance of antigen and epitope characterization in enhancing assay value.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
M. Krilis, M. Qi, Y. Ioannou, J. Y. Zhang, Z. Ahmadi, J. W. H. Wong, P. G. Vlachoyiannopoulos, H. M. Moutsopoulos, T. Koike, A. D. Sturgess, B. H. Chong, S. A. Krilis, B. Giannakopoulos
Summary: The study found that nitration negatively affects the anti-thrombotic properties of 132GPI protein, with elevated levels of nitrated 132GPI in patients with primary APS, suggesting it may be a risk factor for thrombosis. Further investigation is warranted to explore the implications of these findings.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Freda H. Passam, Gang Chen, Vivien M. Chen, Miao Qi, Steven A. Krilis, Bill Giannakopoulos
Summary: This study found that ss2GPI deficient mice have enhanced thrombus formation compared to wild type mice, and the antithrombotic function of ss2GPI is mainly dependent on its fifth domain.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Sarra Melayah, Mariem Ghozzi, Ibtissem Ghedira, Amani Mankai
Summary: This study found that antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) were common in patients with articular manifestations, mainly directed against beta(2)GPI. However, the role of these antibodies remains to be specified.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Seiya Oba, Tadashi Hosoya, Risa Kaneshige, Daisuke Kawata, Taiki Yamaguchi, Takahiro Mitsumura, Sho Shimada, Sho Shibata, Tomoya Tateishi, Ryuji Koike, Shuji Tohda, Akihiro Hirakawa, Nukui Yoko, Yasuhiro Otomo, Junzo Nojima, Yasunari Miyazaki, Shinsuke Yasuda
Summary: The study found that while aPLs were frequently detected in Japanese COVID-19 patients, their relationship with thrombotic complications, particularly beta-2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI) levels, remains unclear.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Ofir Zmira, Shany Guly Gofrit, Shay Anat Aharoni, Ronen Weiss, Efrat Shavit-Stein, Joab Chapman
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Teriflunomide on two APS mouse models and found that Teriflunomide could ameliorate behavioral abnormalities and reduce brain IgG levels in the ANXA2 model, but had no effect on serum antibody levels.
Article
Immunology
Li Wu, Xuhui Fang, Fangting Lu, Yu Zhang, Yanshi Wang, Joanne Kwak-Kim
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of anticardiolipin (aCL) and/or anti-beta 2-glycoprotein-I (a beta 2GPI) antibodies, known as antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes. The results showed that infertile women with aPL had worse outcomes in terms of oocyte quality, embryo quality, and implantation capacity. Imbalanced T cell subset ratios and elevated levels of certain cytokines were noticed in these women compared to controls.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Hematology
Debbie Jiang, Wendy Lim, Mark Crowther, David Garcia
Summary: The presence of anti-B2GPI is weakly associated with thrombosis and inconsistently associated with obstetric complications, with very low-quality evidence and study heterogeneity preventing a quantitative assessment.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Huriye Ercan, Waltraud Cornelia Schrottmaier, Anita Pirabe, Anna Schmuckenschlager, David Pereyra, Jonas Santol, Erich Pawelka, Marianna T. Traugott, Christian Schoergenhofer, Tamara Seitz, Mario Karolyi, Jae-Won Yang, Bernd Jilma, Alexander Zoufaly, Alice Assinger, Maria Zellner
Summary: Platelets in COVID-19 patients show significant changes in activation phenotype, processing of coagulation factor F13A1, and phospholipid-binding protein ANXA5 compared to healthy individuals. These alterations in platelets are strongly associated with fatal outcomes during COVID-19 infection.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jiwon Yun, JaYoon Gu, Hyun Kyung Kim
Summary: The study revealed that double positivity of anti-beta 2GPI and anti-PS/PT not only increased thrombotic risk but also led to increased positivity of anti-ADAMTS13 antibody, suggesting a possible association between anti-ADAMTS13 antibody and the pathophysiology of antiphospholipid syndrome.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND THROMBOLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Marwa Elkhalifa, Ana-Maria Orbai, Laurence S. Magder, Michelle Petri, Graciela S. Alarcon, Caroline Gordon, Joan Merrill, Paul R. Fortin, Ian N. Bruce, David Isenberg, Daniel Wallace, Ola Nived, Rosalind Ramsey-Goldman, Sang-Cheol Bae, John G. Hanly, Jorge Sanchez-Guerrero, Ann E. Clarke, Cynthia Aranow, Susan Manzi, Murray Urowitz, Dafna D. Gladman, Ken Kalunian, Victoria P. Werth, Asad Zoma, Sasha Bernatsky, Munther Khamashta, Soren Jacobsen, Jill P. Buyon, Mary Anne Dooley, Ronald van Vollenhoven, Ellen Ginzler, Thomas Stoll, Christine Peschken, Joseph L. Jorizzo, Jeffery P. Callen, Sam Lim, Murat Inanc, Diane L. Kamen, Anisur Rahman, Kristjan Steinsson, Andrew G. Franks
Summary: The study assessed the prevalence of anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA in SLE compared to other rheumatic diseases and its association with disease manifestations. Results showed that anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I IgA is more common in patients with SLE, particularly in those of African descent.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenji Tanimura, Shigeru Saito, Sayaka Tsuda, Yosuke Ono, Hajime Ota, Shinichiro Wada, Masashi Deguchi, Mikiya Nakatsuka, Takeshi Nagamatsu, Tomoyuki Fujii, Gen Kobashi, Hisashi Arase, Hideto Yamada
Summary: The anti-beta 2-glycoprotein I/HLA-DR antibody is associated with antiphospholipid syndrome and recurrent pregnancy loss. This study demonstrates that the antibody is significantly associated with adverse obstetric outcomes and recurrent pregnancy loss.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Rheumatology
Ronen Weiss, Doron Bushi, Ekaterina Mindel, Almog Bitton, Yael Diesendruck, Orna Gera, Tali Drori, Ofir Zmira, Shay Anat Aharoni, Nancy Agmon-Levin, Oren Kashi, Itai Benhar, Valery Golderman, David Orion, Joab Chapman, Efrat Shavit-Stein
Summary: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by thromboembolic events, and antibodies to ANXA2 have been found to play a pathological role in thrombosis. The study demonstrates that antibodies to ANXA2 result in more severe strokes, supporting the hypothesis that these auto-antibodies are an independent risk factor for cerebral thrombosis.