Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Maja Sutic, Ana Vukic, Jurica Baranasic, Asta Foersti, Feda Dzubur, Miroslav Samarzija, Marko Jakopovic, Luka Brcic, Jelena Knezevic
Summary: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with most patients still being diagnosed at an advanced stage despite screening efforts for high-risk populations. In the past decade, management of lung cancer has significantly progressed towards personalized treatments, with molecular biomarkers playing a crucial role in prognosis and predicting therapy response. Non-small cell lung cancer, being the most common type, is the primary focus for discussion on promising new biomarkers in clinical management.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hong Qi, Xuewen Yang, Chunsheng Xu, Huiwen Shi, Shushang Liu, Xiang Zhang, Ting'an Wang, Mingwei Huang
Summary: In this study, we identified favorable subtypes and genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) that are sensitive to cetuximab. We screened 26 prognostic sensitive genes and established a risk score model and a predictive model combining clinical information. These genes and subtypes show potentially useful prognostic abilities and may indicate CRC sensitivity to cetuximab.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Siyuan Weng, Zaoqu Liu, Xiaofeng Ren, Hui Xu, Xiaoyong Ge, Yuqing Ren, Yuyuan Zhang, Qin Dang, Long Liu, Chunguang Guo, Richard Beatson, Jinhai Deng, Xinwei Han
Summary: The study identified that the SCG2 gene is closely associated with the chemotherapy response in colorectal cancer patients, with high expression predicting poorer prognosis and showing significantly higher expression in the APC non-mutation group. The SCG2 high expression subgroup is more suitable for immunotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Saba Shafi, Thazin Nwe Aung, Vasiliki Xirou, Niki Gavrielatou, Ioannis A. Vathiotis, Aileen Fernandez, Myrto Moutafi, Vesal Yaghoobi, Roy S. Herbst, Linda N. Liu, Sol Langermann, David L. Rimm
Summary: The study assesses the expression of immune system modulator Siglec-15 in different types of cancer and finds increased expression in both tumor and immune cells. The results suggest Siglec-15 as a potential target for immunotherapy and provide insights for future clinical trials and companion diagnostic tests.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Simon Garinet, Pascal Wang, Audrey Mansuet-Lupo, Ludovic Fournel, Marie Wislez, Helene Blons
Summary: This review discusses the need for improved risk assessment and patient selection for adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy following resected lung cancer. The current evaluation of recurrence risk is primarily based on TNM classification, but more than 25% of early-stage patients still experience relapse. Validated prognostic and theranostic markers are needed to better stratify patients and guide adjuvant therapies in resected lung cancer.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Milad Moloudizargari, Jamal Rahmani, Mohammad Hossein Asghari, Ajay Goel
Summary: High miR-31 expression is associated with poor overall survival and progression-free survival in colorectal cancer patients, with a significant predictive value for anti-EGFR response. High expressers are more likely to have a BRAF mutation, and the observed associations are significantly affected by therapeutic regimen and mutational status.
Article
Oncology
Guoliang Cui, Le Geng, Li Zhu, Zhenyan Lin, Xuan Liu, Zhengyue Miao, Jintao Jiang, Xiaoke Feng, Fei Wei
Summary: The study found that in stomach adenocarcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma, the expression level of CFP was lower than normal tissues, associated with poorer overall survival, first progression, post progression survival, and specifically affected the prognosis of STAD in stage 3, stage T3, stage N2, and N3. Additionally, CFP expression had significant positive correlations with the infiltration levels of CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells in STAD and LUAD.
Article
Cell Biology
Li Chen, Ping Bai, Xiangyi Kong, Shaolong Huang, Zhongzhao Wang, Xiangyu Wang, Yi Fang, Jing Wang
Summary: The study showed that the PNI value can predict survival and disease progression in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, with patients having a higher PNI experiencing significantly better DFS and OS. Additionally, PNI has predictive value for both early-stage and advanced breast cancer patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ella A. Eklund, Clotilde Wiel, Henrik Fagman, Levent M. Akyurek, Sukanya Raghavan, Jan Nyman, Andreas Hallqvist, Volkan Sayin
Summary: This retrospective study investigated the impact of KRAS mutational status on clinical outcome in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The results showed that KRAS(MUT) patients had better response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) but worse response to platinum doublet chemotherapy (PT). Additionally, KRAS(WT) patients with high PD-L1 expressing tumors responded better to PT than ICB.
Review
Oncology
Shuna Liu, Ming Wu, Fang Wang
Summary: Ovarian cancer presents a serious threat to women's health due to its low early diagnosis rate and tendency for metastasis and recurrence. Conventional treatment involving platinum and paclitaxel chemotherapy based on surgery may not effectively address the recurrence and progression of the disease. By understanding the molecular pathways involved in ovarian cancer recurrence and progression, biomarker-guided treatment options have the potential to significantly improve patient prognosis and lead to personalized treatment strategies.
Article
Oncology
Bochen Sun, Qing Hou, Yu Liang, Shuqin Xue, Ningning Yao, Lijuan Wei, Xin Cao, Hongwei Li, Hongwei Si, Jianzhong Cao
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the role of LIPI in limited-stage SCLC and found that high-risk LIPI was associated with poorer overall survival and progression-free survival. A predictive nomogram based on LIPI was developed with decent predictive power.
Article
Oncology
Michael R. Conroy, Colum Dennehy, Patrick M. Forde
Summary: Only a minority of lung cancers are resectable at diagnosis, highlighting the need for new approaches to improve cure rates. Checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy has shown promising results in advanced lung cancer and is being increasingly used in the neoadjuvant setting, but questions remain regarding optimal duration, biomarkers, response assessment, and combination with other therapies.
Article
Oncology
Bradford S. Hoppe, Romaine C. Nichols, Stella Flampouri, Mark Pankuch, Christopher G. Morris, Dat C. Pham, Pranshu Mohindra, William F. Hartsell, Nasiruddin Mohammed, Brian H. Chon, Larry L. Kestin, Charles B. Simone, Charles B. Simone
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of hypofractionated proton therapy with concurrent chemotherapy on overall survival in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The results showed promising survival rates at 1-year and 3-year follow-up, with minimal toxic effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jinyao Shi, Zhouqiao Wu, Xiaolong Wu, Longtao Huangfu, Ting Guo, Xiaojing Cheng, Jing Han, Ziyu Li, Xiaofang Xing, Jiafu Ji
Summary: This study used multi-omics data of 2471 gastric cancer samples to identify glycometabolic subtypes and immune clustering subgroups of gastric cancer, and established a scoring system to predict the survival and response of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The assessment of tumor glucose metabolism and immune microenvironment in gastric cancer has application value for predicting curative effects and formulating combined treatment strategies.
Review
Pathology
Firoozeh Abolhasani Zadeh, Ahmed Raji, Sana Abdul-Jabbar Ali, Walid Kamal Abdelbasset, Natalia Alekhina, A. Heri Iswanto, Ermias Mergia Terefe, Abduladheem Turki Jalil
Summary: This study provides an overview of the complexity of autophagy in response to chemoradiotherapy in lung cancer. It highlights the dual role of autophagy in both sensitizing cancer cells to therapy and promoting their survival.
PATHOLOGY RESEARCH AND PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
S. Peters, J-L Pujol, U. Dafni, M. Domine, S. Popat, M. Reck, J. Andrade, A. Becker, D. Moro-Sibilot, A. Curioni-Fontecedro, O. Molinier, K. Nackaerts, A. Insa Molla, R. Gervais, G. Lopez Vivanco, J. Madelaine, J. Mazieres, M. Faehling, F. Griesinger, M. Majem, J. L. Gonzalez Larriba, M. Provencio Pulla, K. Vervita, H. Roschitzki-Voser, B. Ruepp, P. Mitchell, R. A. Stahel, C. Le Pechoux, D. De Ruysscher
Summary: The STIMULI trial did not demonstrate improvement in PFS with nivolumab-ipilimumab consolidation after chemo-radiotherapy in limited-disease small-cell lung cancer. The higher rates of grade >= 3 adverse events and treatment discontinuation in the experimental arm may have influenced the efficacy results.
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Georgios Stamatis, Stefanie Mueller, Gerhard Weinreich, Birte Schwarz, Wilfried Eberhardt, Christoph Pottgen, Clemens Aigner
Summary: This study aimed to identify subgroups with persistent N2 disease in NSCLC after neoadjuvant treatment, and determine if these subgroups could benefit from surgery. The results showed that lobectomy or bilobectomy could be a potentially curative option with promising long-term results for patients with persistent single-station N2 involvement, either skip or additionally with N1 status, after induction treatment.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CARDIO-THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Arutha Kulasinghe, Chin Wee Tan, Anna Flavia Ribeiro Dos Santos Miggiolaro, James Monkman, Habib SadeghiRad, Dharmesh D. Bhuva, Jarbas da Silva Motta Junior, Caroline Busatta Vaz de Paula, Seigo Nagashima, Cristina Pellegrino Baena, Paulo Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes, Lucia de Noronha, Timothy McCulloch, Gustavo Rodrigues Rossi, Caroline Cooper, Benjamin Tang, Kirsty R. Short, Melissa J. Davis, Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes, Gabrielle T. Belz, Ken O'Byrne
Summary: Spatial transcriptomics is a powerful tool to identify novel gene signatures within tissues, offering new insights into the pathogenesis of SARS-COV-2 to aid in patient triage and treatment. This study used targeted transcriptomics of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue to examine the pulmonary transcriptional landscape of COVID-19 patients. The results showed significant upregulation of genes associated with inflammation, type I interferon production, coagulation, and angiogenesis in the lungs of COVID-19 patients compared to non-infected controls. Additionally, the study found that the gene IFI27, previously identified as a useful blood biomarker for differentiating bacterial and viral lung infections, was significantly upregulated in the lungs of COVID-19 patients compared to patients with influenza.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Luis G. Paz-Ares, Suresh S. Ramalingam, Tudor-Eliade Ciuleanu, Jong-Seok Lee, Laszlo Urban, Reyes Bernabe Caro, Keunchil Park, Hiroshi Sakai, Yuichiro Ohe, Makoto Nishio, Clarisse Audigier-Valette, Jacobus A. Burgers, Adam Pluzanski, Randeep Sangha, Carlos Gallardo, Masayuki Takeda, Helena Linardou, Lorena Lupinacci, Ki Hyeong Lee, Claudia Caserta, Mariano Provencio, Enric Carcereny, Gregory A. Otterson, Michael Schenker, Bogdan Zurawski, Aurelia Alexandru, Alain Vergnenegre, Judith Raimbourg, Kynan Feeney, Sang-We Kim, Hossein Borghaei, Kenneth John O'Byrne, Matthew D. Hellmann, Arteid Memaj, Faith Ellen Nathan, Judith Bushong, Phuong Tran, Julie R. Brahmer, Martin Reck
Summary: Nivolumab plus ipilimumab continues to demonstrate durable long-term efficacy in patients with advanced NSCLC, with a significant improvement in overall survival compared to chemotherapy. Immune-mediated adverse events occur early but can be managed with guideline-based treatment. Discontinuation of nivolumab plus ipilimumab due to adverse events does not impact the long-term benefits seen in all randomized patients.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peey Sei Kok, Patrick M. Forde, Brett Hughes, Zhuoxin Sun, Chris Brown, Suresh Ramalingam, Alistair Cook, Willem Joost Lesterhuis, Sonia Yip, Ken O'Byrne, Nick Pavlakis, Julie Brahmer, Valsamo Anagnostou, Kate Ford, Karen Fitzpatrick, Alison Bricker, Michelle M. Cummins, Martin Stockler, Anna K. Nowak
Summary: The DREAM3R trial aims to assess the efficacy of combining PD-L1 inhibitor durvalumab with first-line chemotherapy in pleural mesothelioma. This multicentre, open-label randomized trial will recruit 480 treatment-naive patients and evaluate various endpoints, including overall survival and adverse events.
Article
Oncology
Arutha Kulasinghe, James Monkman, Esha T. Shah, Nicholas Matigian, Mark N. Adams, Ken O'Byrne
Summary: By performing targeted proteomic analysis, we identified specific protein expressions in the TNBC tumor microenvironment that are associated with treatment response and patient survival. These findings provide early insights into the molecular diversity of TNBC and could aid in optimizing personalized treatment strategies.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Arutha Kulasinghe, Ning Liu, Chin Wee Tan, James Monkman, Jane E. Sinclair, Dharmesh D. Bhuva, David Godbolt, Liuliu Pan, Andy Nam, Habib Sadeghirad, Kei Sato, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Ken O'Byrne, Camila Hartmann, Anna Flavia Ribeiro Dos Santos Miggiolaro, Gustavo Lenci Marques, Lidia Zytynski Moura, Derek Richard, Mark Adams, Lucia de Noronha, Cristina Pellegrino Baena, Jacky Y. Suen, Rakesh Arora, Gabrielle T. Belz, Kirsty R. Short, Melissa J. Davis, Fernando Souza-Fonseca Guimaraes, John F. Fraser
Summary: The study reveals distinct transcriptomic profiles in cardiac tissues of SARS-CoV-2 and pH1N1 influenza infection, with upregulation of genes associated with DNA damage and repair, heat shock, and macrophage infiltration in COVID-19 patients' cardiac tissues. In comparison, pH1N1 infection showed upregulation of interferon and complement pathways. This highlights the need for further understanding of the effects on extra-pulmonary organs, including the cardiovascular system, in COVID-19 patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tabassum Khair Barbhuiya, Mark Fisher, Eric D. Boittier, Emma Bolderson, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Derek J. Richard, Mark Nathaniel Adams, Neha S. Gandhi
Summary: The study investigates the mechanism of CDCA3 binding to APC/C-Cdh1 through the non-canonical ABBA-like motif. The research finds that H-bonds, hydrophobic and ionic interactions within the ABBA-like motif are crucial for the binding. Alanine mutations disrupt the structure of the linker region, leading to altered affinities and binding to alternate sites on Cdh1.
Article
Oncology
Lecia V. Sequist, James Chih-Hsin Yang, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Kenneth O'Byrne, Vera Hirsh, Tony Mok, Sarayut Lucien Geater, Sergey Orlov, Chun-Ming Tsai, Michael Boyer, Wu-Chou Su, Jaafar Bennouna, Terufumi Kato, Vera Gorbunova, Ki Hyeong Lee, Riyaz Shah, Dan Massey, Victoria Zazulina, Mehdi Shahidi, Martin Schuler
Summary: The study compared the efficacy of chemotherapy with afatinib in the treatment of EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma. Results showed that afatinib prolonged progression-free survival and improved the quality of life for patients, when compared with chemotherapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mark N. Adams, Laura V. Croft, Aaron Urquhart, Mohamed Ashick Mohamed Saleem, Anja Rockstroh, Pascal H. G. Duijf, Patrick B. Thomas, Genevieve P. Ferguson, Idris Mohd Najib, Esha T. T. Shah, Emma Bolderson, Shivashankar Nagaraj, Elizabeth D. Williams, Colleen C. Nelson, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Derek J. Richard
Summary: This study evaluated the role of hSSB1/NABP2 in modulating the cellular response to androgens and ionizing radiation in prostate cancer. The expression of hSSB1 in prostate cancer is correlated with genomic instability and it regulates pathways involved in cell cycle progression and transcription. Additionally, hSSB1 is involved in modulating androgen response through transcriptional regulation. Exploiting hSSB1 in prostate cancer treatment might improve patient outcomes in ADT and/or radiotherapy.
Article
Oncology
Ming Tang, Joshua T. Burgess, Mark Fisher, Didier Boucher, Emma Bolderson, Neha S. Gandhi, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Derek J. Richard, Amila Suraweera
Summary: This study aimed to explore the binding pose of COMMD4-H2B and develop a H2B peptide that disrupts the COMMD4-H2B interaction, which could serve as a potential therapeutic target for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sugandha Bhatia, Jennifer H. Gunter, Joshua Burgess, Mark N. Adams, Kenneth O'Byrne, Erik W. Thompson, Pascal H. G. Duijf
Summary: Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) is a characteristic of cancer that promotes invasion, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This study shows that non-cancerous human epithelial lung cells can spontaneously shift towards a mesenchymal-like state without genetic changes. This suggests that acquisition of metastasis-associated features may occur prior to genetic alterations and cancerous transformation.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Zachariah P. Schuurs, Alexander P. Martyn, Carl P. Soltau, Sam Beard, Esha T. Shah, Mark N. Adams, Laura V. Croft, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Derek J. Richard, Neha S. Gandhi
Summary: This study explores small molecules that bind to hSSB1, an important protein related to the survival of cancer cells. Through computational and experimental approaches, three small molecules were discovered that prevent hSSB1 from binding to DNA, potentially interfering with the cell's ability to repair DNA. Further research is needed to understand the interaction between these compounds and cells, and to develop them as selective hSSB1 inhibitors.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ming Tang, Amila Suraweera, Xuqiang Nie, Zilin Li, Pinglin Lai, James W. Wells, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Robert J. Woods, Emma Bolderson, Derek J. Richard
Summary: In this study, the atomic-level mechanisms of Banf1-DNA binding and the effects of mono- and di-phosphorylation on Banf1's DNA-binding capability were explored using molecular modelling and dynamics simulations. It was found that mono-phosphorylation induces changes in Banf1's secondary structure, leading to the elimination of its DNA-binding capability. The study also demonstrated that phosphorylated Banf1 binds to DNA with lower affinity and less stable binding poses. These findings have implications for predicting the effects of Banf1 mutations on its DNA-binding capability and potential development of therapeutic drugs targeting cell proliferation.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thais Sobanski, Amila Suraweera, Joshua T. Burgess, Iain Richard, Chee Man Cheong, Keyur Dave, Maddison Rose, Mark N. Adams, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Derek J. Richard, Emma Bolderson
Summary: This study reveals that the glycolytic protein ALDOA plays a direct role in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. Upon DNA damage, ALDOA translocates into the nucleus and associates with the DNA DSB marker γ-H2AX. Depletion of ALDOA leads to increased DNA damage before and slower repair after ionising radiation. It is suggested that targeting ALDOA may be a potential strategy for simultaneous disruption of cancer metabolism and DNA repair.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
