Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yen-Hsiang Huang, Jeng-Sen Tseng, Kuo-Hsuan Hsu, Kun-Chieh Chen, Kang-Yi Su, Sung-Liang Yu, Jeremy J. W. Chen, Tsung-Ying Yang, Gee-Chen Chang
Summary: The study demonstrated that sequential osimertinib treatment following first-generation or second-generation EGFR-TKIs provided good clinical efficacy for EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients with acquired T790M mutation, prolonging progression-free survival and overall survival.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Ying Cheng, Yong He, Wei Li, He-long Zhang, Qing Zhou, Buhai Wang, Chunling Liu, Andrew Walding, Matilde Saggese, Xiangning Huang, Minhao Fan, Jia Wang, Suresh S. Ramalingam
Summary: The FLAURA China study evaluated the efficacy of first-line osimertinib in Chinese patients with EGFRm advanced NSCLC, showing significant improvements in PFS and OS compared to comparator EGFR TKIs. Safety data were consistent with the known safety profile of osimertinib.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
D. Planchard, P. A. Janne, Y. Cheng, J. C. -H. Yang, N. Yanagitani, S-W Kim, S. Sugawara, Y. Yu, Y. Fan, S. L. Geater, K. Laktionov, C. K. Lee, N. Valdiviezo, S. Ahmed, J-M Maurel, I Andrasina, J. Goldman, D. Ghiorghiu, Y. Rukazenkov, A. Todd, K. Kobayashi
Summary: The study indicates that first-line treatment with osimertinib-chemotherapy significantly prolongs progression-free survival compared to osimertinib monotherapy in patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Qiang Wu, Wuxia Luo, Wen Li, Ting Wang, Lin Huang, Feng Xu
Summary: This meta-analysis indicated that the combination of first-generation EGFR-TKI and CT significantly improves objective response rate (ORR) and prolongs progress-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with advanced EGFR-mutated NSCLC, compared to EGFR-TKI monotherapy. Despite the increased incidence of chemotherapy-induced toxicities in the combination group, it is well tolerated and clinically manageable.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tao Jiang, Pingyang Wang, Jie Zhang, Yanqiu Zhao, Jianying Zhou, Yun Fan, Yongqian Shu, Xiaoqing Liu, Helong Zhang, Jianxing He, Guanghui Gao, Xiaoqian Mu, Zhang Bao, Yanjun Xu, Renhua Guo, Hong Wang, Lin Deng, Ningqiang Ma, Yalei Zhang, Hui Feng, Sheng Yao, Jiarui Wu, Luonan Chen, Caicun Zhou, Shengxiang Ren
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy and predictive biomarkers of toripalimab plus chemotherapy in EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC patients as second-line treatment. The combination therapy showed promising anti-tumor activity with acceptable safety profiles, and DSPP mutation might serve as a potential biomarker for this combination. Further phase-III trials are ongoing to compare toripalimab versus placebo in this setting.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Po-Yen Chen, Chin-Chou Wang, Chien-Ning Hsu, Chung-Yu Chen
Summary: This study compared the relative survival rate of gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib in EGFR-mutated advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients in Taiwan. Afatinib showed better overall survival and time to treatment failure outcomes compared to gefitinib and erlotinib, especially in patients with initial brain metastases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sheng-Kai Liang, Li-Ta Keng, Chia-Hao Chang, Yueh-Feng Wen, Meng-Rui Lee, Ching-Yao Yang, Jann-Yuan Wang, Jen-Chung Ko, Jin-Yuan Shih, Chong-Jen Yu
Summary: The study suggests that afatinib may not provide longer overall survival compared to first-generation TKIs in patients with EGFR mutant lung adenocarcinoma, but may have a survival benefit in smokers. Pemetrexed may be the preferred choice for subsequent chemotherapy.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Janette Greenhalgh, Angela Boland, Victoria Bates, Fabio Vecchio, Yenal Dundar, Marty Chaplin, John A. Green
Summary: EGFR mutation positive non-small cell lung cancer is more common in women and occurs at a younger age. Treatment with single-agent or combination EGFR therapies shows advantages in improving tumor response rate and prolonging progression-free survival compared to other cytotoxic chemotherapy agents.
COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hongyun Zhao, Wenxiu Yao, Xuhong Min, Kangsheng Gu, Guohua Yu, Zhonghan Zhang, Jiuwei Cui, Liyun Miao, Li Zhang, Xia Yuan, Yong Fang, Xiuhua Fu, Chengping Hu, Xiaoli Zhu, Yun Fan, Qitao Yu, Gang Wu, Ou Jiang, Xiuping Du, Jiwei Liu, Wei Gu, Zhiguo Hou, Quanren Wang, Rongrong Zheng, Xianfeng Zhou, Li Zhang
Summary: The study conducted in China evaluated the efficacy and safety of apatinib plus gefitinib as first-line therapy in EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients, showing that the A+G group had significantly better PFS compared to the P+G group, with even better results in patients with TP53 exon 8 mutation.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hiroaki Akamatsu, Haruyasu Murakami, Hideyuki Harada, Junichi Shimizu, Hidetoshi Hayashi, Haruko Daga, Yoshikazu Hasegawa, Young Hak Kim, Terufumi Kato, Shoji Tokunaga, Yasumasa Nishimura, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Kazuhiko Nakagawa
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of gefitinib plus concurrent thoracic radiotherapy in patients with LA-NSCLC harboring EGFR mutation. The results showed that the combination therapy had good efficacy in these patients, with a median progression-free survival of 18.6 months and a median overall survival of 61.1 months.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hyun Ae Jung, Jinyeong Lim, Yoon-La Choi, Se-Hoon Lee, Je-Gun Joung, Yeong Jeong Jeon, Jae Won Choi, Sumin Shin, Jong Ho Cho, Hong Kwan Kim, Yong Soo Choi, Jae Ill Zo, Young Mog Shim, Sehhoon Park, Jong-Mu Sun, Jin Seok Ahn, Myung-Ju Ahn, Joungho Han, Woong-Yang Park, Jhingook Kim, Keunchil Park
Summary: This study aimed to identify risk factors for recurrence-free survival in early-stage EGFR-M+ non-small cell lung cancer patients and suggest personalized adjuvant strategies. Clinicopathologic and molecular risk factors were analyzed, and different treatment recommendations were provided for patients in different risk groups.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Huihui Guo, Xilin Zhang, Shangzhi Xie, Tianwei Chen, Dong Xie, Ying Cai, Dawei Cui, Liang Wang, Wei Chen, Xiang Wang
Summary: This study discovered a new mechanism of action of gefitinib in EGFR-mutated NSCLC cells, involving the regulation of B7H5/CD28H axis expression, which enhanced the cytotoxicity of immune cells against NSCLC cells. This provides new insights into the immune evasion mechanism mediated by EGFR mutations and identifies potential targets for immune therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yingjia Sun, Ziming Li, Hong Jian, Liliang Xia, Shun Lu
Summary: This study systematically assessed the impact of KRAS subtypes and co-mutations on the first-line treatment and prognosis of KRAS mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The results showed that first-line treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) benefited KRAS mutant NSCLC patients and had predictive value for all genetic classifications. In addition, the degree of progression-free survival benefit after first-line ICI treatment varied among different genetic classifications.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kenichi Koyama, Satoru Miura, Satoshi Watanabe, Satoshi Shoji, Jun Koshio, Yoshiki Hayashi, Daisuke Ishikawa, Ko Sato, Takao Miyabayashi, Masaaki Okajima, Takeshi Ota, Tomohiro Tanaka, Naoya Matsumoto, Hideyuki Kuriyama, Tetsuya Abe, Koichiro Nozaki, Kosuke Ichikawa, Rie Kondo, Hiroshi Tanaka, Toshiaki Kikuchi
Summary: Rebiopsy is crucial in selecting optimal treatments for NSCLC patients with acquired resistance mutations, with a high implementation rate of 90.8% observed in Japanese clinical practice. Obtaining histological or cytological tissue samples during rebiopsy may contribute to improving the detection rate of the T790M mutation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pingli Wang, Yuping Li, Dongqing Lv, Lingge Yang, Liren Ding, Jianya Zhou, Wei Hong, Youfei Chen, Dongqing Zhang, Susu He, Jianying Zhou, Kai Wang
Summary: This study demonstrates that first-line mefatinib provides durable progression-free survival (PFS) and an acceptable toxicity profile in patients with advanced EGFR-mutant NSCLC. Adverse events primarily involved skin and gastrointestinal toxicities, however, they were well-tolerated and manageable by patients.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Fabio Turco, Marcello Tucci, Tiziana Angusti, Antonella Parente, Rosario Francesco Di Stefano, Susanna Urban, Chiara Pisano, Alessandro Samuelly, Alessandro Audisio, Marco Audisio, Elena Parlagreco, Antonio Ungaro, Giorgio Vittorio Scagliotti, Massimo Di Maio, Consuelo Buttigliero
Summary: This retrospective study evaluated the prognostic role of treatment discontinuation due to adverse events in mCRPC patients treated with Ra-223. The study found that discontinuation due to toxicity was associated with worse outcomes. The number of previous treatments, previous chemotherapy treatment, baseline LDH, Hb, and PLR were identified as factors correlated with the risk of Ra-223 discontinuation due to toxicity.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Francesca Vignani, Rosa Tambaro, Ugo De Giorgi, Patrizia Giannatempo, Davide Bimbatti, Claudia Carella, Marco Stellato, Francesco Atzori, Michele Aieta, Cristina Masini, Alketa Hamzaj, Paola Ermacora, Antonello Veccia, Giuseppa Scandurra, Teresa Gamba, Gianluca Ignazzi, Sandro Pignata, Marilena Di Napoli, Cristian Lolli, Giuseppe Procopio, Francesco Pierantoni, Antonia Zonno, Daniele Santini, Massimo Di Maio
Summary: This study compared the efficacy of niraparib as maintenance treatment in patients with advanced urothelial cancer after first-line chemotherapy. The addition of niraparib did not significantly improve progression-free survival in these patients. These findings do not support the conduct of a phase 3 trial with single-agent niraparib in this population.
Article
Oncology
Gilberto de Castro Jr, Naiyer A. Rizvi, Peter Schmid, Konstantinos Syrigos, Claudio Martin, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Ying Cheng, Vladimir Moiseyenko, Yvonne Summers, Ihor Vynnychenko, Sung Yong Lee, Maciej Bryl, Alona Zer, Mustafa Erman, Constanta Timcheva, Rajiv Raja, Kirsha Naicker, Urban Scheuring, Jill Walker, Helen Mann, Vikram Chand, Tony Mok
Summary: In the NEPTUNE study, first-line durvalumab plus tremelimumab did not show significant improvement in overall survival compared to chemotherapy in patients with metastatic NSCLC.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irene Persano, Massimiliano Cani, Benedetta Del Rio, Giorgia Ferrari, Edoardo Garbo, Elena Parlagreco, Chiara Pisano, Valeria Cetoretta, Marco Donatello Delcuratolo, Fabio Turco, Alessandro Audisio, Cristina Cecchi, Gianmarco Leone, Valerio Maria Napoli, Valentina Bertaglia, Valentina Bianco, Enrica Capelletto, Carmen D'Amiano, Massimo Di Maio, Martina Gianetta, Silvia Novello, Francesco Passiglia, Giorgio Vittorio Scagliotti, Paolo Bironzo
Summary: This study reports the side effects, adverse events, and patient-reported outcomes following administration of the BNT162b2 vaccine in cancer patients. The results show that BNT162b2 is safe in the short-term for cancer patients and has a positive impact on quality of life.
Article
Oncology
Lecia V. Sequist, James Chih-Hsin Yang, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Kenneth O'Byrne, Vera Hirsh, Tony Mok, Sarayut Lucien Geater, Sergey Orlov, Chun-Ming Tsai, Michael Boyer, Wu-Chou Su, Jaafar Bennouna, Terufumi Kato, Vera Gorbunova, Ki Hyeong Lee, Riyaz Shah, Dan Massey, Victoria Zazulina, Mehdi Shahidi, Martin Schuler
Summary: The study compared the efficacy of chemotherapy with afatinib in the treatment of EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma. Results showed that afatinib prolonged progression-free survival and improved the quality of life for patients, when compared with chemotherapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lok Seng Chan, Johnson Liu, Molly S. C. Li, Lili Li, Qian Tao, Tony S. K. Mok
Summary: Selenite is found to induce both apoptosis and ferroptosis in lung cancer cells, especially those with EGFR and KRAS mutations. It activates the p38-ATF4-DDIT3 pathway for ferroptosis induction and influences DNA methylation machinery. Combining selenite with osimertinib or adagrasib enhances the therapeutic effect.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daniel A. Goldstein, Gary M. Ginsberg, Dorit Hofnung-Gabbay, Richard De Abreu Lourenco, Herbert H. Loong, Boon Cher Goh, Kelvin K. W. Chan, Massimo Di Maio, Francesco Perrone, Peter S. Hall, Alona Zer, Eli Rosenbaum
Summary: The US FDA has recently approved new dosing options for immune checkpoint inhibitors, including extended-interval fixed dosing. The economic impact of this new dosing strategy compared to the standard dosing strategy is unknown.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Diego Luigi Cortinovis, Valentina Perrone, Elisa Giacomini, Diego Sangiorgi, Margherita Andretta, Fausto Bartolini, Giuseppe Taurino, Marco Belfiore, Emilia Sicari, Luca Degli Esposti
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the epidemiology and economic burden of early-stage non-small-cell lung carcinoma (eNSCLC) in the clinical practice Italian setting. An observational analysis was performed using administrative databases and revealed that about half of eNSCLC patients stage II-IIIA experienced a recurrence, with total direct costs of recurrence patients being almost two-fold those of no-recurrence patients.
Letter
Oncology
Massimo Di Maio
Review
Oncology
Teresa Gamba, Jessica Paparo, Olimpia Panepinto, Rossana Dionisio, Massimo Di Maio, Francesca Vignani
Summary: PARPis have clinical activity in UC, particularly in patients with HRR deficiency. Maintenance treatment and combination with ICIs in platinum-naive patients are the ideal clinical settings.
CLINICAL GENITOURINARY CANCER
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicoletta Cordani, Tommaso Bianchi, Luca Carlofrancesco Ammoni, Diego Luigi Cortinovis, Marina Elena Cazzaniga, Andrea Alberto Lissoni, Fabio Landoni, Stefania Canova
Summary: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), specifically high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSOC), is a leading cause of high death rates among gynecological cancers. Cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy are the main treatments for this aggressive disease. Molecular analysis has identified that up to 50% of HGSOC cases have deficiencies in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) system, making them sensitive to poly ADP-ribose inhibitors (PARP-is). However, drug resistance remains a challenge, and research is focused on combining PARP-is with antiangiogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors. New drugs targeting different pathways are also in development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Stefania Canova, Benedetta Trevisan, Maria Ida Abbate, Francesca Colonese, Luca Sala, Alice Baggi, Sofia Paola Bianchi, Anna D'Agostino, Diego Luigi Cortinovis
Summary: The recent advances in the molecular knowledge of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and potential new treatment strategies targeting DNA damage pathway, epigenetics, angiogenesis, and oncogenic drivers were reviewed. Addition of immunotherapy to chemotherapy has shown significant improvements in clinical outcomes, but the prognosis remains poor. Genomic alterations have been identified to classify SCLC into different molecular subtypes.
CURRENT ONCOLOGY REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Fabio Turco, Silke Gillessen, Giorgio Treglia, Karim Fizazi, Matthew R. Smith, Bertrand Tombal, Richard Cathomas, Consuelo Buttigliero, Massimo Di Maio, Marcello Tucci, Ursula M. Vogl
Summary: In this study, the safety profile of darolutamide in prostate cancer patients was reviewed and analyzed. The results showed that darolutamide had a similar toxicity profile to placebo, except for a significant difference in bone fractures.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Cesare Gridelli, Marcello Tiseo, Diego Luigi Cortinovis, Maria Rita Migliorino, Vito Barbieri, Paolo Bironzo, Alessandra Bearz, Ilaria Attili, Filippo de Marinis
Summary: ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors have significantly improved the treatment of NSCLC patients with ALK rearrangements. In Italy, Alectinib and brigatinib are the preferred first-line treatments, with lorlatinib pending approval. Age and performance status have little impact on treatment choice, but treatment compliance and toxicity profile should be considered. The treatment selection should take into account the patient's comorbidities and polypharmacotherapy interactions.
Review
Oncology
Sara Notarnicola, Lucrezia Zumstein, Jessica Paparo, Laura Marandino, Francesco Perrone, Massimo Di Maio
Summary: The study found that the assessment and reporting of QoL are deficient in many oncology NI trials, and most trials claiming NI do not have QoL results supporting the experimental arm.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)