Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Chuan T. Foo, Anna Paterson, Adam Duckworth, Jurgen Herre
Summary: Malignant pleural effusion is common in mesothelioma, with the presence of hyaluronic acid contributing to its viscosity. Intrapleural hyaluronidase can effectively reduce fluid viscosity and drainage duration, demonstrating feasibility and safety in managing hyaluronic acid-rich viscous malignant pleural effusion.
Review
Oncology
Alex Dipper, Nick Maskell, Anna Bibby
Summary: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) presents diagnostic challenges, with ancillary diagnostic tests such as immunocytochemical markers, molecular techniques, diagnostic biomarkers, and imaging discussed in cases where histological samples are unavailable or inconclusive. While no single adjunctive test has the sensitivity and specificity to diagnose MPM in isolation, correlation of pleural fluid cytology with radiology and biomarkers can help make an MDT-consensus diagnosis when invasive tests are not feasible.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Valeria Musso, Cristina Diotti, Alessandro Palleschi, Davide Tosi, Alberto Aiolfi, Paolo Mendogni
Summary: The article reviewed the diagnosis and therapeutic options for pleural effusion secondary to malignant pleural mesothelioma. A new algorithm was proposed as a practical aid for clinicians dealing with these patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Albino Eccher, Ilaria Girolami, Ersilia Lucenteforte, Giancarlo Troncone, Aldo Scarpa, Liron Pantanowitz
Summary: Malignant mesothelioma is a rare malignancy associated with asbestos exposure, often presenting with pleural effusion. Diagnosis involves pleural biopsy and cytological examination, but the challenge lies in interpreting atypical cells. Emerging biomarkers such as MTAP can serve as helpful diagnostic tools in addition to traditional markers like BAP1 and CDKN2A.
CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Kenzo Hiroshima, Di Wu, Shinji Hamakawa, Shingo Tsuruoka, Daisuke Ozaki, Hideki Orikasa, Mizue Hasegawa, Eitetsu Koh, Yasuo Sekine, Yoko Yonemori, Kazuki Nabeshima, Shoutaro Tsuji, Yohei Miyagi, Kohzoh Imai
Summary: HEG1 is a good marker for mesothelial differentiation in effusion cytology, showing high specificity and sensitivity for malignant mesothelioma. MTAP IHC may act as a surrogate for homozygous deletion of CDKN2A, which is frequently observed in cell blocks from effusions of MMs. Cell block analysis using a combination of different immunohistochemical methods is recommended for diagnosing effusions of unknown origins.
DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Toshiaki Kawai, Reishi Seki, Kuniharu Miyajima, Hiroshi Nakashima, Takayuki Takeda, Tomoyuki Murakami, Keisuke Aoe, Kazunori Okabe, Keiichi Homma, Yoshitane Tsukamoto, Koichi Sunada, Yasuhiro Terasaki, Maki Iida, Hideki Orikasa, Kenzo Hiroshima
Summary: Distinguishing malignant pleural mesothelioma from extraskeletal pleural osteosarcoma is challenging, with overlapping clinical and immunohistochemical features. However, diffuse growth pattern is more commonly seen in mesothelioma compared to osteosarcoma.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Satoshi Morito, Hiroshi Yasui, Tomoo Itoh, Shingo Kamoshida, Hiroyuki Ohsaki
Summary: We described uncommon cytomorphological features of malignant mesothelioma (MM) cells in pleural effusions. The cells exhibited abundant cytoplasmic vacuolization and eccentric nuclei. A glossy spherical material was observed in some cells, which tested positive in Sudan III stain. Immunocytochemical analysis showed positive expression of calretinin, podoplanin, epithelial membrane antigen, and methylthioadenosine phosphorylase in tumor cells, while negative expression of BRCA1-associated protein 1, CD68, and desmin. The intracytoplasmic vacuoles were positive for adipophilin expression.
DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Wasinee Traipipitsiriwat, Chayanon Songsomboon, Detajin Junhasavasdikul, Viboon Boonsarngsuk, Wipawi Klaisuban
Summary: Post-transplantation malignancy is a common complication-related mortality in transplant recipients. This case report highlights the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma in a kidney transplant patient after 2 years, emphasizing the need for surveillance and early detection of malignancies in transplant recipients.
Review
Oncology
Ilaria Girolami, Ersilia Lucenteforte, Albino Eccher, Stefano Marletta, Matteo Brunelli, Paolo Graziano, Pasquale Pisapia, Umberto Malapelle, Giancarlo Troncone, Aldo Scarpa, Tao Huang, Liron Pantanowitz
Summary: The study aims to provide quantitative evidence on the diagnostic performance of novel biomarkers for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Through a systematic review and meta-analysis, it concludes that emerging biomarkers show close to 1.00 specificity but moderate sensitivity, which can be significantly improved by combining two biomarkers.
CANCER CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Sulaf Abd Own, Jonas Hoijer, Gunnar Hillerdahl, Katalin Dobra, Anders Hjerpe
Summary: The research compared the overall survival rates of patients with malignant mesothelioma diagnosed by effusion cytology, histopathology, or a combination of both. The results showed significantly better overall survival and proportion of long-term survival in cases diagnosed by cytology.
DIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Licun Wu, Mikihiro Kohno, Junichi Murakami, Amin Zia, Jonathan Allen, Hana Yun, Meilin Chan, Cristina Baciu, Mingyao Liu, Veronique Serre-Beinier, Michele De Palma, Emanuela Felley-Bosco, Jonathan Yeung, Trevor J. Pugh, Marc de Perrot
Summary: Defining the origin of tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) is crucial for developing targeted therapies for mesothelioma. Two distinct macrophage populations, small peritoneal/pleural macrophages (SPM) and large peritoneal/pleural macrophages (LPM), were identified in mice. SPM, which mainly consisted of M2-like TAM, rapidly increased in the tumor microenvironment and contributed to tumor development. On the other hand, LPM activated the IFN-gamma response and played a crucial role in the immune response, as confirmed by their depletion leading to loss of antitumoral memory immunity. The gene signature of SPM was observed in the pleural effusion and tumor of untreated mesothelioma patients, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Eun Wha Choi
Summary: Background: Pericardial effusions are a common cardiac disease in dogs, and haemorrhagic pericardial effusions can be caused by various neoplasms and benign idiopathic pericardial effusion. This case study aimed to determine whether the observed cells in a canine patient were reactive mesothelial, mesothelioma, or adenocarcinoma cells using immunocytochemistry. Case presentation: A 10-year-old Yorkshire Terrier dog with dyspnoea and pericardial effusion was evaluated. Cytological evaluation revealed abnormal cells with characteristics of malignant mesothelioma, and immunocytochemistry confirmed the diagnosis. Conclusion: Immunocytochemistry is a valuable diagnostic technique for differentiating reactive mesothelial cells, malignant mesothelioma, and adenocarcinoma in dogs.
BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federica Morani, Luisa Bisceglia, Giulia Rosini, Luciano Mutti, Ombretta Melaiu, Stefano Landi, Federica Gemignani
Summary: The study identified multiple molecular signatures associated with the progression of malignant pleural mesothelioma, including genes involved in cell adhesion, extracellular matrix organization, mitotic cell division, and apoptosis inhibition. Some proteins were found to potentially drive tumorigenesis, suggesting they could be targets for novel therapies. Further research with small-molecule inhibitors or silencing RNAs is warranted to evaluate the cancer-driving role of the identified targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lorna Pairman, Lutz E. L. Beckert, Mark Dagger, Michael J. Maze
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the sensitivity of pleural fluid cytology and identify risk factors for false negative results. The results showed that the sensitivity of pleural fluid cytology was highest in primary lung and breast cancer, and lowest in mesothelioma. Cloudy appearance and yellow/gold color of pleural fluid reduced the odds of false negative results, while pleural thickening was a risk factor.
INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Rumeng Gu, Luxi Jiang, Ting Duan, Chun Chen, Shengchang Wu, Deguang Mu
Summary: Sarcomatoid MPM combined with pulmonary embolism is rare with poor prognosis. Clinicians need to be aware of its occurrence and consider other diseases if targeted treatment is ineffective. Pleural biopsy guided by PET-CT is recommended for timely diagnosis in patients with sarcomatoid MPM.
ONCOTARGETS AND THERAPY
(2021)