Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. S. F. Oliveira, C. D. Espinosa, L. Blavi, M. Mortada, F. N. Almeida, H. H. Stein
Summary: This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of adding an enzyme premix containing xylanase and glucanase to the diets of growing pigs. The results showed that the addition of enzymes improved the digestibility of energy and digestible energy in the diets, regardless of the grain source or the inclusion of co-products. However, the addition of enzymes had no effect on the digestibility of total dietary fiber. The inclusion of co-products decreased the average daily gain and gain to feed ratio in the pigs. Overall, the enzyme mixture used in this experiment has the potential to improve the digestibility of energy in pig diets.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marcos Elias Duarte, Chris Sparks, Sung Woo Kim
Summary: This study found that gradually increasing dietary beta-glucanase levels in pig feed can modulate the jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. Additionally, this modulation can help improve the apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein and increase the apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy in the diet, while reducing systemic inflammation in pigs.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
S. Llamas-Moya, N. F. Higgins, R. Adhikari, P. G. Lawlor, S. Lacey
Summary: Exogenous enzyme supplementation, specifically with multicarbohydrases containing alpha-galactosidase, has been shown to improve broiler growth performance by increasing body weight, improving feed conversion ratio, and increasing energy utilization. Studies on AGX and AGB supplementation have demonstrated positive effects on broiler growth, offering potential for enhanced nutrient availability and feed efficiency in broiler production.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
G. I. Lee, T. S. Nielsen, H. N. Laerke, K. E. Bach Knudsen
Summary: The effect of carbohydrase on the digestibility of cereal diets in pigs was investigated. The study found that carbohydrase complex can enhance the digestibility of starch, non-starch polysaccharides, and nutrients in cereal grains. In particular, the complex can partially degrade high-molecular weight polysaccharides and increase their apparent ileal digestibility.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Abiodun Bello, Rafael Duran Gimenez-Rico, Saad Gilani, Bart C. Hillen, Kyle M. Venter, Peter Plumstead, Yueming Dersjant-Lit
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of applying an energy and nutrient matrix with a novel consensus bacterial 6-phytase variant and xylanase-b-glucanase to a wheat-corn-soybean meal-based diet on growth performance, bone mineralization, carcass weights, feed costs, and carbon footprint. The results showed that the addition improved growth performance and bone mineralization, while reducing feed costs and carbon footprint.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Charlotte M. E. Heyer, Li F. Wang, Eduardo Beltranena, Ruurd T. Zijlstra
Summary: The extrusion of canola meal increased the digestibility of amino acids but did not affect the predicted energy values. The inclusion of 20% canola meal or extruded canola meal in the diet of weaned pigs did not significantly impact their growth performance.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. R. Vinyard, A. Ravelo, E. Sarmikasoglou, H. F. Monteiro, J. A. Arce-Cordero, M. L. Johnson, B. C. Agustinho, R. R. Lobo, M. G. Yungmann, A. H. R. Winter, L. M. Gilbertsen, M. N. Mills, M. Soltis, L. G. Ghizzi, J. O. Gusmao, L. F. Ferraretto, A. P. Faciola
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding amylolytic or fibrolytic enzymes to the diet of high-producing dairy cows on in vitro ruminal fermentation. The results showed that these enzymes did not significantly improve ruminal fermentation.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Zhu Zeng, Yalin Zhang, Jun He, Jie Yu, Xiangbing Mao, Ping Zheng, Yuheng Luo, Junqiu Luo, Zhiqing Huang, Bing Yu, Daiwen Chen
Summary: The study found that soybean raffinose reduces feed intake and weight gain in growing pigs, but improves intestinal morphology without significant negative effects on immunity. Additionally, raffinose decreases nutrient digestibility while inducing humoral immune responses in pigs.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. G. Anderson, P. L. Utterback, C. M. Parsons
Summary: The precision-fed rooster assay was used to evaluate the effects of carbohydrase enzymes on the true metabolizable energy of poultry feed. The results showed that the addition of carbohydrase enzymes significantly increased the metabolizable energy of the feed.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
N. K. Morgan, G. A. Gomes, J. C. Kim
Summary: This study indicates that both stimbiotic and the combination of xylanase and beta-glucanase help mitigate the antinutritive effects of non-starch polysaccharides in wheat-barley based diets, resulting in improved broiler performance. However, supplementation with stimbiotic shows a comparatively greater positive effect on non-starch polysaccharides hydrolysis and short-chain fatty acid production.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
T. A. Sutton, H. V. Masey O'Neill, M. R. Bedford, K. McDermott, H. M. Miller
Summary: This study found that xylanase (XYL) and xylo-oligosaccharide (XOS) had limited effects on pig performance, while faecal bacterial community composition significantly changed over time without an overall impact from the treatments.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Basheer Nusairat, Jeng-Jie Wang
Summary: Xylanase enzymes are used in poultry feed to reduce feed cost, improve performance, and maintain gut health. This study found that supplementation of xylanase in broiler diets can improve live performance, reduce intestinal lesion scores, and decrease Clostridium perfringens excretion in litter samples. The highest reduction in C. perfringens CFU/g was observed in broilers fed NC + 15 treatment.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. Sanchez-Zannatta, B. V. Le Thanh, L. F. Wang, E. Beltranena, R. W. Newkirk, R. T. Zijlstra
Summary: Steam-explosion processing of canola meal can improve its nutrient availability by disrupting its fibre matrix and reducing anti-nutritional factors. However, it also decreases the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and amino acids in the meal, as well as the overall digestibility and growth performance of pigs. On the other hand, it can increase the pigs' feed intake.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Carlos B. Rabello, Manuel J. Costa, Wedson C. L. Nogueira, Jose Guilherme Barbosa, Juan Carlos Rios-Alva, Craig L. Wyatt, Tara W. York, Martina P. Serrano, Edgar Orlando Oviedo-Rondon
Summary: This experiment evaluated the interactive effects of xylanase, amino acid density, and additional fat on the growth performance, energy utilization, and digestibility of broilers. The results showed that different combinations of additives may have significant effects on broiler growth, but dietary amino acid density and additional fat did not markedly influence the response to xylanase in maize-based diets.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vasileios Bampidis, Giovanna Azimonti, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Henrik Christensen, Birgit Dusemund, Mojca Fasmon Durjava, Maryline Kouba, Marta Lopez-Alonso, Secundino Lopez Puente, Francesca Marcon, Baltasar Mayo, Alena Pechova, Mariana Petkova, Fernando Ramos, Yolanda Sanz, Roberto Edoardo Villa, Ruud Woutersen, Noel Dierick, Giovanna Martelli, Jaume Galobart, Jordi Ortuno, Montserrat Anguita
Summary: As requested by the European Commission, EFSA evaluated the safety and efficacy of the feed additive ROVABIO(R) ADVANCE containing endo-1,4-beta-xylanase and endo-1,3(4)-beta-glucanase. The additive was found to be safe for weaned piglets and pigs for fattening, posing no concern for consumer safety. It is not irritant to the skin or eyes but can cause sensitization. No environmental risks were identified. However, due to insufficient data, the efficacy of the additive could not be concluded.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Nadeem Akhtar, Hugh Y. Cai, Elijah G. Kiarie, Julang Li
Summary: This study isolated and characterized a novel Bacillus subtilis strain CP-9 from camel dung, which efficiently fermented soybean meal and improved nutrient digestibility in growing pigs.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Veronica Cheng, Anna Kate Shoveller, Lee-Anne Huber, Elijah G. Kiarie
Summary: Black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) is a promising ingredient for human, farm, and companion animal nutrition. This study found that the protein quality of BSFLM is comparable to soybean meal and fishmeal.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hannah Facey, Munene Kithama, Mohsen Mohammadigheisar, Lee-Anne Huber, Anna K. Shoveller, Elijah G. Kiarie
Summary: This study investigated the effects of using black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) in feed, and found that small amounts of BSFLM can promote growth, but replacing a large amount of soybean meal with BSFLM can decrease growth and increase organ size.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Fiona Tansil, Julia G. Pezzali, Cara Cargo-Froom, Lee-Anne Huber, Elijah G. Kiarie, Glenda Courtney-Martin, Crystal L. Levesque, Anna K. Shoveller
Summary: Black soldier fly larvae meal has comparable digestibility of amino acids to other protein ingredients, but methionine is the limiting amino acid. These data provide useful information for incorporating this novel protein ingredient in animal feed.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Michael Fruci, Munene Kithama, Elijah G. Kiarie, Suqin Shao, Huaizhi Liu, Edward Topp, Moussa S. Diarra
Summary: Black soldier fly larvae meal is a promising alternative protein and antimicrobial source for poultry. This study found that partially replacing soybean meal with up to 25% black soldier fly larvae meal can achieve similar growth performance in broiler chickens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Colin A. De Cloet, Anderson N. Maina, Hagen Schulze, Gregoy Y. Bedecarrats, Elijah G. Kiarie
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of enzymatically treated yeast on egg production rate, egg quality, organ weight, bone ash, and plasma metabolites in laying hens. The results showed that the addition of enzymatically treated yeast reduced egg production rate quadratically, while increasing egg weight and shell quality. It also improved protein and calcium metabolism, but had no significant effects on feed intake and other parameters.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Munene Kithama, Youssef I. Hassan, Xianhua Yin, Kelly Ross, Carl Julien, Yan-Martel Kennes, Elijah G. Kiarie, Moussa S. Diarra
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of feeding low-bush wild blueberry (LBP) and organic American cranberry (CRP) pomaces without or with multien-zyme supplement (ENZ) on growth performance, organ weight, and plasma metabolites in broiler chickens. The results showed that ENZ had no significant effects on overall growth performance and organ weights, but it had the potential to modulate the metabolism of pomace-fed broilers. LBP increased body weight during the starter phase, while CRP increased body weight during the grower phase.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Emily Kim, William Lambert, Elijah G. Kiarie
Summary: The impact of Eimeria on apparent retention (AR) of components and metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen (AMEn) in corn, wheat, soybean meal, and pork meal was investigated. The results showed that Eimeria reduced the AR of crude fat (CF) and had a tendency to reduce the AR of dry matter (DM) and AMEn of ingredients. This indicates that Eimeria affects nutrient retention and energy utilization, regardless of diet composition.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Rob Patterson, Anna Rogiewicz, Elijah G. Kiarie, Bogdan A. Slominski
Summary: With a long history of inclusion within livestock feeding programs, yeast and their derivatives have been used as sources of highly digestible protein and have expanded into non-nutritional uses. Greater understanding of the composition and functional components of yeast derivatives has led to new use cases, including improving feed efficiency and supporting intestinal health and immunity.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
C. L. Cargo-Froom, F. Tansil, D. A. Columbus, C. P. F. Marinangeli, E. G. Kiarie, A. K. Shoveller
Summary: This study aimed to determine the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of protein and amino acids (AA) of three Canadian grown pulses and calculate their digestible indispensable AA score (DIAAS). Eight cannulated growing pigs were fed different steam-pelleted diets and the SID values were used to calculate DIAAS. The results showed no differences in SID of protein and AA among the diets. The limiting indispensable AA for all pulses was tryptophan. These findings provide insights into the protein quality of pulses for both swine and humans.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sudhanshu Sudan, Lauren Fletcher, Xiaoshu Zhan, Serena Dingle, Rob Patterson, Lee-Anne Huber, Robert Friendship, Elijah G. G. Kiarie, Julang Li
Summary: This study examined the effectiveness of a novel Bacillus subtilis probiotic in improving growth performance and gut responses in nursery pigs compared to zinc oxide (ZnO). The findings showed that the probiotic improved average daily gain, feed conversion ratio, and reduced diarrhea rate, while also influencing the gut mucosal gene expression and fecal microbial populations. This suggests that the probiotic has the potential to replace ZnO as a growth promoter in swine production.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Anderson N. Maina, Eva Lewis, Elijah G. Kiarie
Summary: Enriching eggs with omega-3 fatty acids is beneficial for the egg industry and consumers, but finding alternatives to fish oil for DHA enrichment is necessary. This study investigated the effects of feeding two algal oils on egg production and DHA enrichment.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Junhyung Lee, Veronica Cheng, Elijah G. Kiarie
Summary: The study investigates the effect of feeding a source of omega-3 fatty acids and yeast bioactives on growth and response to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide challenge in pullets. The results show that the dietary provision of n-3 FA and YB can influence body weight, feed intake, lymphoid organs weight, and plasma metabolites in response to LPS.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mary F. Fatoki, Elijah G. Kiarie, Caven M. Mnisi
Summary: The study found that feeding quails diets containing cooked or autoclaved marama bean meal improved their growth performance and carcass quality, while raw and toasted marama beans had negative effects on performance parameters.
TRANSLATIONAL ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Felix M. Njeri, Robert Patterson, Charles K. Gachuiri, Elijah G. Kiarie
Summary: Pretreating fibrous feedstuffs with exogenous enzymes can enhance their utilization in broiler chickens. This study investigated the effects of fiber-degrading enzymes on the solubilization of protein and fiber, as well as the nutrient retention and metabolite concentration in broiler chickens. The results showed that pretreatment with enzymes increased the solubilization of protein and the release of sugars and organic acids. Feeding pretreated feed improved the nutrient and energy utilization of broiler chickens.
TRANSLATIONAL ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Adrian Lopez-Catalina, Valentin Costes, Ramon Peiro-Pastor, Helene Kiefer, Oscar Gonzalez-Recio
Summary: Epigenetic marks can explain part of the phenotypic variance in animal breeding models. Nanopore sequencing shows high correlation with bisulphite sequencing in identifying DNA methylation marks. Different sequencing methods highlight differentially methylated genes and positions of economic interest in animal breeding.