Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alice Cartoni Mancinelli, Simona Mattioli, Cornelia Twining, Alessandro Dal Bosco, Ann M. Donoghue, Komala Arsi, Elisa Angelucci, Diletta Chiattelli, Cesare Castellini
Summary: This study provides an overview of the main strategies for enriching and preserving n-3 LC-PUFA in poultry products, which include dietary supplementation and improving rearing conditions. Additionally, factors such as genotype, rearing system, transport, and cooking processes can impact the content of this fatty acid in poultry products.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amirhossein Ramezani Ahmadi, Fatemeh Shirani, Behnazi Abiri, Mansoor Siavash, Sasan Haghighi, Mojtaba Akbari
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on gene expression and serum FGF-21 levels in adults with different metabolic conditions. The results showed that omega-3 fatty acids supplementation significantly increased PPAR-gamma and PPAR-alpha gene expression, but had no significant effect on serum FGF-21 levels. Additionally, there was a dose-response relationship between omega-3 fatty acid dose and gene expression and serum FGF-21 levels.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ligang Yang, Chao Yang, Zhixiu Song, Min Wan, Hui Xia, Xian Yang, Dengfeng Xu, Da Pan, Hechun Liu, Shaokang Wang, Guiju Sun
Summary: Postprandial metabolism plays significant roles in various pathological conditions, and the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio is closely associated with physiological disorders. This study investigated the effects of high fat meals with different n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios on postprandial metabolism in normal control and hypertriglyceridemia rats. The results showed that the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio influenced the postprandial response of triglyceride, total cholesterol, tumor necrosis factor alpha, malondialdehyde, and reactive oxygen species in both normal control and hypertriglyceridemia rats.
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sehoon Park, Soojin Lee, Yaerim Kim, Yeonhee Lee, Min Woo Kang, Kwangsoo Kim, Yong Chul Kim, Seung Seok Han, Hajeong Lee, Jung Pyo Lee, Kwon Wook Joo, Chun Soo Lim, Yon Su Kim, Dong Ki Kim
Summary: The study found that higher levels of eicosapentaenoic acid and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid are associated with a lower risk of coronary artery disease, while higher levels of linoleic acid are also linked to lower CAD risk. Arachidonic acid, on the other hand, showed significant causal estimates for a higher risk of CAD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Danfeng Lin, Qiyan Sun, Zhaoyang Liu, Jiaxuan Pan, Jing Zhu, Shangwen Wang, Sining Jia, Minghua Zheng, Xiaokun Li, Fanghua Gong
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and gut dysbiosis. The study found that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has a positive effect on treating NAFLD by modulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism. Fecal microbiota composition and bile acid profiles were analyzed in NAFLD patients and healthy participants. In NAFLD mice, FGF21 reduced liver damage and restored intestinal structure, accompanied by changes in gut microbiota composition and regulation of dysbiosis in bile acid metabolism. Antibiotic treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation further confirmed the benefits of FGF21. The findings suggest that targeting gut microbiota-regulated bile acid metabolism may be a potential therapeutic approach for improving NAFLD.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kefeng Yang, Cheng Chen, Qi Yan, Xiuhua Shen, Linlei Jiang, Rui Ma, Liping Lu, Jie Zhu, Ying Tian, Wei Cai, Mary E. D'Alton, Jun Zhang, Ka Kahe
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between prenatal LCn3PUFAs, Hg, Se and infant cognitive performance. It was found that infants with higher LCn3PUFA concentrations and lower Hg levels had better performance in gross motor skills. Additionally, differential methylation was observed in certain CpG sites between high and low LCn3PUFA groups.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shuangfei Li, Boyu Wang, Liangxu Liu, Yingjie Song, Chuhan Lv, Xingyu Zhu, Yanqing Luo, Christopher H. K. Cheng, Huapu Chen, Xuewei Yang, Tao Li
Summary: The study demonstrates that adding Aurantiochytrium sp. to diets can significantly improve the growth performance and immune response of Trachinotus ovatus. With increased microalgae content, the growth rate and feed utilization efficiency of fish were enhanced, along with increased fatty acid content in blood and tissues, resulting in improved immunity and disease resistance in fish.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Doyeon Kim, Chang Won Won, Yongsoon Park
Summary: This study found a significant association between lower erythrocyte levels of long-chain n-3 PUFA and frailty and frailty criterion, suggesting that lower n-3 PUFA could be a marker for the risk of frailty.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Grace Austin, Jessica J. A. Ferguson, Rohith N. Thota, Harjinder Singh, Tracy Burrows, Manohar L. Garg
Summary: The study showed that LCn-3PUFA with or without MCSFA, but not MCSFA alone, are effective in reducing postprandial triglycerides in healthy individuals.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Deborah Mattinzoli, Stefano Turolo, Masami Ikehata, Simone Vettoretti, Giovanni Montini, Carlo Agostoni, Costanza Conti, Matteo Benedetti, Piergiorgio Messa, Carlo Maria Alfieri, Giuseppe Castellano
Summary: During CKD progression, there is an increase in FGF23 and a positive correlation between FGF23 and n-6 PUFAs. However, our study found that the relationship between FGF23, PUFAs, and MCP1 may differ in CKD and KTx patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Estefania Aparicio, Carla Martin-Grau, Cristina Bedmar, Nuria Serrat Orus, Josep Basora, Victoria Arija
Summary: This study found that factors such as high education levels, older age, consumption of fish and seafood, and non-smoking are significantly associated with serum fatty acid concentrations in pregnant women, leading to a better omega-3 fatty acid profile. Further research is needed to explore the health consequences of these findings.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seohyun Park, Jae-Joon Lee, Jisu Lee, Jennifer K. Lee, Jaemin Byun, Inyong Kim, Jung-Heun Ha
Summary: Obesity is closely associated with chronic inflammation and dyslipidemia, and the consumption of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) may regulate obesity-related disorders. This study aimed to investigate the importance of n-3 PUFA consumption, including the ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFAs and the amount of n-3 PUFAs. The results suggest that a dietary intervention with a lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio can significantly alleviate metabolic dysfunction in LPS-induced ob/ob mice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Liyi Wang, Qiuyun Nong, Yanbing Zhou, Ye Sun, Wentao Chen, Jintang Xie, Xiaodong Zhu, Tizhong Shan
Summary: This study investigated the effect of different n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratios on serum fatty acid composition, microbiota, and their metabolites in the intestine of pigs. The results showed that a lower dietary n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio improved serum fatty acid composition and metabolome-microbiome responses in Heigai pigs. This study provides new insights into regulating pig metabolism and understanding the interaction between host and microbes in pigs.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucas Taoro-Gonzalez, Daniel Pereda, Catalina Valdes-Baizabal, Miriam Gonzalez-Gomez, Jose A. Perez, Fatima Mesa-Herrera, Ana Canerina-Amaro, Herminia Perez-Gonzalez, Covadonga Rodriguez, Mario Diaz, Raquel Marin
Summary: Recent findings suggest that changes in brain lipid composition during aging can affect the integrity and protein signaling of lipid rafts, leading to memory impairment. However, a n-3 LCPUFA-enriched diet has been shown to improve cognitive function and stabilize the lipid composition of hippocampal lipid rafts in aged mice. These findings suggest that n-3 LCPUFA supplementation may have a rejuvenating effect on the microenvironment of lipid rafts, enhancing cognitive performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alejandro Gonzalez-Benjumea, Dolores Linde, Juan Carro, Rene Ullrich, Martin Hofrichter, Angel T. Martinez, Ana Gutierrez
Summary: Research on epoxide metabolites from n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids has shown that fungal unspecific peroxygenases can convert these fatty acids into mono-epoxides with high regio- and enantioselectivity. Specifically, Agrocybe aegerita and Collariella virescens enzymes demonstrated 91% conversion rates with strict regioselectivity. This study highlights the potential synthetic utility of fungal peroxygenases in fatty acid epoxidation.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aleix Gavalda-Navarro, Joan Villarroya, Ruben Cereijo, Marta Giralt, Francesc Villarroya
Summary: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) acts as an endocrine organ by secreting regulatory factors known as batokines, which exert effects on various tissues and organs including the liver, heart, and skeletal muscle. These batokines play a role in regulating insulin sensitivity, hepatic steatosis, glucose metabolism, and other physiological processes, and further research is needed to understand their impact on human metabolism.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cristina Garcia-Beltran, Ruben Cereijo, Cristina Plou, Aleix Gavalda-Navarro, Rita Malpique, Joan Villarroya, Abel Lopez-Bermejo, Francis de Zegher, Lourdes Ibanez, Francesc Villarroya
Summary: This study reveals the relationship between brown adipose tissue (BAT) activity and adiposity measures and metabolic health in early infancy. The study found gender-specific differences in BAT activity and CXCL14 levels, which were negatively associated with adiposity measures in girls.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Pere Domingo, Maria Gracia Mateo, Joan Villarroya, Ruben Cereijo, Ferran Torres, Joan C. Domingo, Laura Campderros, Jose M. Gallego-Escuredo, Maria del Mar Gutierrez, Isabel Mur, Noemi Corbacho, Francesc Vidal, Francesc Villarroya, Marta Giralt
Summary: People living with HIV, especially those on cART, have increased levels of GDF15, which are associated with dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, HALS, and inflammation. However, GDF15 is not correlated with cardiovascular risk after adjusting for age.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jiri Funda, Josep A. Villena, Kristina Bardova, Katerina Adamcova, Illaria Irodenko, Pavel Flachs, Ivana Jedlickova, Eliska Haasova, Martin Rossmeisl, Jan Kopecky, Petra Janovska
Summary: The study explores the role of PGC-1β in controlling lipid metabolism and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. The results suggest that PGC-1β is important for maintaining normal thermogenic function in adipocytes.
DISEASE MODELS & MECHANISMS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aleix Gavalda-Navarro, Serena Mirra, Yasmina Manso, David Sanchez-Infantes, Marta Giralt, Eduardo Soriano, Francesc Villarroya
Summary: ARMCX3 is identified as a novel player in regulating the plasticity of thermogenic adipose tissue, acting to repress the acquisition of the browning phenotype and demonstrating a direct association with obesity indicators in mice and humans.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Marta Diaz, Gemma Carreras-Badosa, Joan Villarroya, Aleix Gavalda-Navarro, Judit Bassols, Francis de Zegher, Abel Lopez-Bermejo, Francesc Villarroya, Lourdes Ibanez
Summary: Circulating GDF15 concentrations significantly increase in LBW/catch-up girls after long-term metformin treatment, and are negatively associated with insulin, androgens, body fat, and visceral fat. Prepubertal intervention with metformin reduces central adiposity and insulin resistance.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Petra Janovska, Petr Zouhar, Kristina Bardova, Jakub Otahal, Marek Vrbacky, Tomas Mracek, Katerina Adamcova, Lucie Lenkova, Jiri Funda, Tomas Cajka, Zdenek Drahota, Sara Stanic, Arild C. Rustan, Olga Horakova, Josef Houstek, Martin Rossmeisl, Jan Kopecky
Summary: This study investigates the relative contribution of adrenergic non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and lipid oxidation in skeletal muscle for thermoregulation and energy homeostasis. The results suggest that in the face of inadequate adrenergic NST in BAT, adaptive augmentation of NST in skeletal muscle occurs, providing protection against cold and resistance to obesity.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Esmeralda A. Lewis, Rocio Muniz-Anquela, Ibon Redondo-Angulo, Leticia Gonzalez-Cintado, Veronica Labrador-Cantarero, Jacob F. Bentzon
Summary: This study found that LDL retention is the main limiting factor for LDL accumulation in the arterial wall. However, the capacity for LDL retention varies significantly over relatively short distances. The inner curvature region of the aortic arch consists of dorsal and ventral zones with high retention capacity and a central zone with low retention capacity. These features predict the temporal pattern of atherosclerosis.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pedro Castillo, Ondrej Kuda, Jan Kopecky, Catalina Amadora Pomar, Andreu Palou, Mariona Palou, Catalina Pico
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of improving maternal diet during lactation on the metabolome of milk and offspring plasma in diet-induced obese rats. The results showed that the milk of rats fed a western diet had altered amino acid and carnitine profiles, as well as changes in other metabolites. These alterations were also observed in the plasma of the offspring, but were largely normalized in rats that switched to a standard diet during lactation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nuria Oliveras-Canellas, Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete, Paula M. Lorenzo, Lourdes Garrido-Sanchez, Sara Becerril, Oriol Rangel, Jessica Latorre, Elena de la Calle Vargas, Maria Pardo, Victor Valenti, Juan L. Romero-Cabrera, Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera, Camilo Silva, Carlos Dieguez, Francesc Villarroya, Miguel Lopez, Ana B. Crujeiras, Luisa-Maria Seoane, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Gema Fruhbeck, Francisco Jose Tinahones, Jose-Manuel Fernandez-Real
Summary: This study investigated how outside temperature affects adipose tissue physiology and metabolic traits. The expression of genes associated with browning and adipogenesis in the subcutaneous adipose tissue were found to be negatively associated with temperature. These findings could have implications for the relationship between the obesity pandemic and global warming.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alejandro Delgado-Angles, Albert Blasco-Roset, Francisco J. Godoy-Nieto, Montserrat Cairo, Francesc Villarroya, Marta Giralt, Joan Villarroya
Summary: Loss of Parkin gene prevents adipose accretion and improves systemic metabolism in aged mice. It maintains browning in subcutaneous adipose tissue and reduces age-associated induction of inflammation. However, Parkin gene invalidation has a lesser effect on brown adipose tissue in aged mice.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andrea Soria-Gondek, Pablo Fernandez-Garcia, Lorena Gonzalez, Marjorie Reyes-Farias, Marta Murillo, Aina Valls, Nativitat Real, Silvia Pellitero, Jordi Tarasco, Benjamin Jenkins, Maria Galan, Francesc Villarroya, Albert Koulman, Patricia Corrales, Antonio Vidal-Puig, Ruben Cereijo, David Sanchez-Infantes
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the circulating lipidome of children and adults with obesity before and after clinical interventions. The findings showed that certain lipid species increased in abundance in both children and adults, while others decreased. There was a specific set of lipid species that were regulated after clinical interventions in both age groups, suggesting a core circulating lipid profile indicative of obesity development and improvement.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Olga Horakova, Gabriella Sistilli, Veronika Kalendova, Kristina Bardova, Marko Mitrovic, Tomas Cajka, Ilaria Irodenko, Petra Janovska, Karoline Lackner, Jan Kopecky, Martin Rossmeisl
Summary: This study examined the effect of thermoneutral environment on the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in C57BL/6N mice. The results showed that thermoneutrality did not have a significant effect on NAFLD progression in mice fed a high-fat diet. However, in mice fed a standard diet, thermoneutrality increased weight gain, hepatic steatosis, and other NAFLD-associated phenotypes.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)