Article
Food Science & Technology
Pilar Gomez-Cortes, Francisco Requena Domenech, Marta Correro Rueda, Miguel angel de la Fuente, Achille Schiavone, Andres L. Martinez Marin
Summary: Researchers are interested in meat authentication based on the animals' geographical and dietary background, with a focus on the odd- and branched-chain fatty acid profile in intramuscular fat. Different feeding regimes for lambs were studied, with results suggesting that a high NDF to starch ratio in the concentrate negatively impacts the odd/anteiso ratio and positively impacts the iso/(anteiso+odd) FA ratio in IMF. Monitoring the OBCFA profile in lamb meat can be useful for determining the feeding regime of lambs entering the food chain supply.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xianling Yuan, Xianjie Peng, Yidan Zheng, Yi Luo, Hongbin Lin, Zhouyou Zhang
Summary: Cold-eating rabbit, a traditional Chinese delicacy, undergoes pickling and frying processes. This study examined the changes in nucleotides, free amino acids, fatty acids, and volatile flavor substances throughout the production process and analyzed the flavor substances in deboned rabbit at different stages. The results revealed that the content of 5'-inosine monophosphate (IMP) increased significantly, indicating the involvement of IMP in the degradation pathway. Additionally, the concentrations of free amino acids and fatty acids varied at different stages, and the 15-minute frying stage was crucial in producing volatile flavor substances.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ondrej Krunt, Lukas Zita, Adam Kraus, Daniel Bures, Tersia Needham, Zdenek Volek
Summary: In this study, the effect of housing system (caged versus penned) on the growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of rabbits was analysed. The results showed that caged rabbits had higher yields of the longissimus lumborum (LL) and the meat was yellower. On the other hand, penned rabbits had redder and yellower quadriceps femoris. The sensory properties of the meat were not influenced by the housing system.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
K. E. Mitchell, C. Lee, M. T. Socha, D. H. Kleinschmit, J. L. Firkins
Summary: This study assessed the uptake of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) for branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) synthesis in bacteria. It was found that BCVFA uptake for BCAA synthesis was higher in high forage diets compared to low forage diets. The addition of corn oil decreased the usage of BCVFA for BCAA synthesis in high forage diets. The findings suggest that BCVFA supplementation can benefit the flow of BCAA and other amino acids in dairy cattle.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ghada Ismail, Randa Abo El Naga, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Jana Jabbour, Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
Summary: Around one third of products in the Egyptian market have a high TFA content, especially traditional meat products and fried foods with used oils.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Monika Nutautaite, Asta Raceviciute-Stupeliene, Saulius Bliznikas, Vilma Viliene
Summary: In order to meet customers' demand for more sustainable and functional products, this research aimed to replace traditional feed raw materials in rabbit diets with C. glomerata biomass. The results showed that C. glomerata supplementation increased protein and essential amino acids levels in rabbit meat, reduced fat accumulation, and improved the lipid profile's nutritional value, potentially contributing to the prevention of heart disease.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
K. E. Mitchell, S. L. Kienzle, C. Lee, M. T. Socha, D. H. Kleinschmit, J. L. Firkins
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the incorporation of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) into bacterial lipids under different dietary conditions. The results showed that supplementation of BCVFA did not affect the extent of biohydrogenation, but lower forage inclusion reduced branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) in bacterial fatty acid profile and branched-chain aldehydes (BCALD) in bacterial aldehyde profile. Additionally, the supplementation of corn oil decreased iso even-chain BCFA and iso even-chain BCALD in bacterial lipid profiles.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simona Mattioli, Elisa Angelucci, Alessandro Dal Bosco, Cinzia Signorini, Lakamy Sylla, Luigia Bosa, Giulia Collodel, Thierry Durand, Jean-Marie Galano, Camille Oger, Cesare Castellini
Summary: Dietary factors can affect sperm traits, and diets rich in pro-oxidant and pro-atherogenic substances may lead to a decline in sperm kinetics and viability.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Mohamed A. Radwan, Aristide Maggiolino, Hanan A. M. Hassanien, Pasquale D. Palo, Nabila E. M. El-Kassas, Hassan S. Abbas, Abdelfattah Z. M. Salem
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the use of mealworm frass in rabbit diets and its effects on growth performance, blood profiles, rabbit meat quality, and fatty acid profiles. The results showed that the growth performance was similar among different groups. The levels of globulin, glucose, and ALT were lower in the frass groups. Carcass traits were not affected by the treatments. Fat content was higher, while moisture was lower in the frass treatment groups. The shear force was lower in the treatment groups, and higher redness and chroma of rabbit meat were observed. The proportion of saturated fatty acids was higher in the frass-fed rabbits.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jasmin Ballout, Yasutada Akiba, Jonathan D. Kaunitz, Martin Diener
Summary: The short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by microbial fermentation of carbohydrates are important energy substrates for mammals. In the rat caecum, propionate was found to be the most efficient SCFA in inducing anion secretion, and the FFA2 and FFA3 receptors were confirmed to be expressed in different cell types within the caecal epithelium.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Javier Alvarez-Rodriguez, Olaia Urrutia, Sandra Lobon, Guillermo Ripoll, Juan Ramon Bertolin, Margalida Joy
Summary: Feeding lamb with feed supplemented with alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA) can increase the fatty acid content in muscle, but high LA supplementation may negatively affect lipid oxidative stability. The presence of other bioactive compounds in fresh forage, such as vitamin E and polyphenols, can counterbalance the negative effects and delay lipid oxidation. The recommended inclusion levels of phenolic compounds in feed depend on type, concentration, and antioxidant capacity.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michele Matta, Inge Huybrechts, Carine Biessy, Corinne Casagrande, Sahar Yammine, Agnes Fournier, Karina Standahl Olsen, Marco Lukic, Inger Torhild Gram, Eva Ardanaz, Maria-Jose Sanchez, Laure Dossus, Renee T. Fortner, Bernard Srour, Franziska Jannasch, Matthias B. Schulze, Pilar Amiano, Antonio Agudo, Sandra Colorado-Yohar, J. Ramon Quiros, Rosario Tumino, Salvatore Panico, Giovanna Masala, Valeria Pala, Carlotta Sacerdote, Anne Tjonneland, Anja Olsen, Christina C. Dahm, Ann H. Rosendahl, Signe Borgquist, Maria Wennberg, Alicia K. Heath, Dagfinn Aune, Julie Schmidt, Elisabete Weiderpass, Veronique Chajes, Marc J. Gunter, Neil Murphy
Summary: This study found that higher dietary intakes of trans fatty acids, especially industrial trans fatty acids, were associated with an increased risk of breast cancer among over 318,000 women. This association was consistent across menopausal status, body mass index, and breast cancer subtypes. Further mechanistic studies are needed to explore the underlying biological pathways.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tian Li, Qin Guo, Yang Qu, Hongzhi Liu, Li Liu, Yu Zhang, Qiang Wang
Summary: The inhibitory effect of trans-resveratrol (trans-Res) on the formation of trans fatty acids (TFAs) in peanut oil (PO) through thermal isomerization has been investigated. It was found that trans-Res effectively reduced the formation of TFAs by inhibiting the formation of C18:2 and C18:1 through proton transfer isomerism. The active reaction site of trans-Res preferentially interacted with the allyl groups in PO, leading to higher energy barriers and lower reaction rates, which resulted in the reduction of TFAs formation.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jose Santos-Silva, Susana P. Alves, Alexandra Francisco, Ana Paula Portugal, Maria Teresa Dentinho, Joao Almeida, Jose Leandro Regedor da Silva, Leticia Fialho, Liliana Cachucho, Eliana Jeronimo, Ana Barradas, Antonio Rodrigues, Nuno Rodrigues, Ricardo F. M. Teixeira, Tiago Domingos, Rui J. B. Bessa
Summary: This study compared the effects of two diets on the growth performance, carcass and meat quality, fatty acid profile, and carbon footprint of young crossbred-bulls. The results showed that a diet with high forage content and low starch content supplemented with sunflower seeds can be an alternative to conventional diets, although it may slightly reduce animal performance. This alternative diet has a strong impact on reducing dependence on external resources.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Farzad Mohammadi, Nicolas Bertrand, Iwona Rudkowska
Summary: The objective of this study is to evaluate the taste preference of trans fatty acids (TFA) and its effects on mice. The results showed that mice preferred consuming TFA, but their preference varied depending on the specific type of TFA. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential for TFA substitution in diet.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Lara Scherer, Laurie Bingaman Lackey, Marcus Clauss, Katrin Gries, David Hagan, Arne Lawrenz, Dennis W. H. Mueller, Marco Roller, Christian Schiffmann, Ann-Kathrin Oerke
Summary: This article discusses the issue of zoo elephant husbandry and reviews historical data and recent developments. It found that adult survivorship has improved in both African and Asian elephants, with African elephants having a higher survivorship rate. However, there has been no significant change in juvenile survivorship since 1960, with African elephants having a higher rate, possibly due to the effect of herpes virus.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. Keller, A. Scheurer, B. Reidy, A. Liesegang, S. L. Amelchanka, K. Giller
Summary: Diets based on grassland-based feed are not common in intensive beef production, but they have potential benefits in terms of reducing nitrogen emissions and avoiding the need for additional protein sources. However, more research is needed to understand the effects of grassland-based diets on nitrogen and energy utilization as well as methane emissions.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
G. Lazzari, A. Munger, D. Heimo, J. Seifert, A. Camarinha-Silva, D. Borda-Molina, M. Zahner, S. Schrade, M. Kreuzer, F. Dohme-Meier
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Acacia mearnsii extract on nitrogen partitioning and ammonia volatilization in dairy cows. It found that the effects of Acacia were consistent regardless of the type of silage. However, Acacia supplementation resulted in a decrease in dry matter intake and milk production, while sainfoin supplementation resulted in lower organic matter digestibility.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Friederike Pfau, Marcus Clauss, Juergen Hummel
Summary: This article examines the digestive physiology differences in ruminant species. It finds that cattle and sheep have significant differences in ruminal fermentation, with cattle having higher microbial production but also experiencing higher losses of faecal microbial nitrogen, leading to lower apparent digestibility of crude protein. These differences may be related to saliva production and body mass.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xiaoyu Zhang, Yang Li, Melissa Terranova, Sylvia Ortmann, Saskia Kehraus, Christian Gerspach, Michael Kreuzer, Marcus Clauss, Juergen Hummel
Summary: Sheep with low methane yield had shorter retention times. Pilocarpine, a saliva stimulant, was applied to sheep to reduce retention times and methane yield. Increasing pilocarpine dosage linearly decreased the retention times but did not affect feed intake or methane yield.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Marcus Clauss, Daryl Codron, Jurgen Hummel
Summary: Equids, like other odd-toed ungulates, had a higher species diversity in the past compared to today. There are theories suggesting competitive disadvantages of equids, such as having a single toe, lack of a specific brain cooling mechanism, longer gestation periods, and differences in digestive physiology. However, there is no empirical evidence supporting the theory that equids fare better on low-quality forage than ruminants. It is proposed that equids and ruminants evolved high chewing efficacy to facilitate high feed and energy intakes, but equids may be more susceptible to feed shortages due to their less effective digestive system.
JOURNAL OF EQUINE VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amy Birkinshaw, Michael Sutter, Beat Reidy, Laurence Jungo, Stefanie Mueller, Michael Kreuzer, Melissa Terranova
Summary: This study aims to predict the proportion of grassland-based feeds in dairy cow diets using milk biomarkers. The associations between biomarkers and %GB were evaluated and quantified. The results show that certain fatty acids, color indices, and other biomarkers can be used to accurately predict %GB.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. Heuel, M. Kreuzer, I. D. M. Gangnat, E. Frossard, C. Zurbrugg, J. Egger, B. Dortmans, M. Gold, A. Mathys, J. Jaster-Keller, S. Weigel, C. Sandrock, M. Terranova
Summary: Replacing soybeans with insects in egg and poultry meat production could improve environmental sustainability. This study assesses the transfer of contaminants from larval substrates to poultry-derived food. Despite the increase in cadmium and lead concentrations in chicken tissue, the levels in meat and eggs were below the maximum content, suggesting a lower risk than expected in poultry food chains.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
T. Zehnder, M. K. Schneider, A. Luscher, K. Giller, P. Silacci, J. Messadene-Chelali, J. Berard, M. Kreuzer
Summary: Climate and economic changes promote the encroachment of woody plants on marginal mountain pastures. In the Alps, the main woody invader is the nitrogen-fixing shrub Alnus viridis (green alder). Robust breeds of different ruminant species may perform well on these shrub-encroached pastures.
ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Daniel R. Green, Daniela E. Winkler, Jennifer N. Leichliter, Gregory S. Harms, Jean-Michel Hatt, Marcus Clauss, Thomas Tuetken
Summary: This study investigates the tooth and bone formation in green iguanas using fluorescence labels and laser confocal scanning microscopy. The results show that tooth elongation rate is slow during initial enamel deposition but increases significantly after crown completion. The total timing of tooth formation is around 40-60 days. Rates of hard tissue formation in long bones correlate with animal weight gain.
INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Annette Liesegang, Bettina Burger, Therese de Vries de Heekelingen, Corinne Schroeter-Vogt, Jean-Michel Hatt, Mariusz P. Kowalewski, Marcus Clauss
Summary: Hindgut fermenting herbivores, such as tortoises and certain mammals, absorb more calcium from their diet than they need and excrete the excess calcium through urine. The exact reasons for this mechanism are still unclear, but it may be related to ensuring phosphorus availability for gut microbes by removing calcium. Ussing chamber experiments on rabbits showed that active calcium absorption increased with higher dietary calcium levels, contradicting the assumption that passive uptake would be more prevalent at higher levels. This finding supports the hypothesis of deliberate removal of calcium. However, the distribution of proteins involved in active calcium absorption suggests that other factors not investigated in this study play a major role in rabbits' calcium absorption.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Cellina L. M. Kleinlugtenbelt, Marcus Clauss, Anita Burkevica, Annelies De Cuyper
Summary: Many large carnivores in zoos are traditionally exposed to fasting days, although it is not their natural behavior. In this study, feeding routines in 44 European zoos were recorded, and it was found that fasting days were not preceded by gorge-feeding as suggested by husbandry guidelines. The observation of providing special enrichment on fasting days might be due to the impression that animals are not at ease when fasting, without a feeling of satiety from gut distension. These current feeding regimes should be re-assessed and future studies should investigate the combination of fasting days with preceding gorge-feeding.
JOURNAL OF ZOO AND AQUARIUM RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Louise Francoise Martin, Daryl Codron, Daniela Eileen Winkler, Thomas Tuetken, Jean-Michel Hatt, Marcus Clauss
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different diet types on tooth wear and compensatory hypselodont tooth growth in guinea pigs. The results showed that guinea pigs fed with bamboo had the lowest tooth height with deep dentine basins, similar to those fed with pelleted diets. Deeper dentine basins were generally correlated with higher occlusal surfaces, suggesting that changes in pressure signals due to lower basins could initiate compensatory growth in hypselodont teeth.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2023)