Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brian Neelon, Fedelis Mutiso, Noel T. Mueller, John L. Pearce, Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon
Summary: The study found that socially vulnerable communities are more susceptible to COVID-19 outbreaks, with significant disparities in incidence and death rates between counties of different social vulnerability levels, and these disparities can change over time during the pandemic.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christina Xia, Haydn Hoffman, Nnabuchi Anikpezie, Karan Philip, Claribel Wee, Reema Choudhry, Karen C. Albright, Hesham Masoud, Timothy Beutler, Elena Schmidt, Grahame Gould, Smit D. Patel, Emmanuel Oladele Akano, Nicholas Morris, Seemant Chaturvedi, Ehimen Aneni, Oluwatomi Lamikanra, Lawrence Chin, Julius G. Latorre, Fadar Oliver Otite
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether the incidence of nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) increased in specific age, sex, race, and ethnicity groups in the United States over the last decade. The study found that the incidence of SAH significantly increased in middle-aged and elderly men, as well as elderly men and women. The incidence was disproportionately higher and increasing in Black patients, while it did not change significantly in other races and ethnicities over time.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Daryl Ramai, Mohamed Barakat, Amaninder Dhaliwal, Banreet Dhindsa, Saurabh Chandan, Andrew Ofosu, Antonio Facciorusso, Denzil Etienne, Madhavi Reddy
Summary: The study found that the incidence of colorectal cancer is declining overall, but remains highest in African American females who also have poor survival rates compared to other racial groups.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ketina Arslani, Janna Tontsch, Atanas Todorov, Bianca Gysi, Mark Kaufmann, Fabian Kaufmann, Alexa Hollinger, Karin Wildi, Hamid Merdji, Julie Helms, Martin Siegemund, Catherine Gebhard, Caroline E. E. Gebhard
Summary: This study analyzed sex-specific temporal trends in ICU admission and mortality in younger patients with AMI or stroke in Switzerland. The results showed that ICU admissions for AMI decreased more in women than in men, while ICU mortality for AMI significantly increased in women. In stroke patients, ICU admission rates increased in both sexes, while ICU mortality tended to decrease in women but remained unchanged in men. Therefore, the management and selection criteria for ICU admission, particularly in younger women with AMI, should be carefully reassessed.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kexin Sun, Lin Lei, Rongshou Zheng, Siwei Zhang, Hongmei Zeng, Shaoming Wang, Li Li, Ru Chen, Bingfeng Han, Ji Peng, Wenqiang Wei, Jie He
Summary: This study examines the trends in female breast cancer incidence and mortality rates in China, as well as the age-period-cohort effects. The results show that rural areas have a faster increase in breast cancer incidence, particularly among young women aged 20-34. The mortality rates for women under 50 remain stable, but there is a significant increase in older populations, especially among women over 65 in rural areas. The age-period-cohort analysis reveals increasing period effects and decreasing cohort effects in both urban and rural settings. Implementing targeted intervention strategies is crucial to address the growing burden of breast cancer in China.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Konsta Teppo, K. E. Juhani Airaksinen, Jussi Jaakkola, Olli Halminen, Birgitta Salmela, Ksenia Kalatsova, Elis Kouki, Jari Haukka, Jukka Putaala, Miika Linna, Aapo L. Aro, Pirjo Mustonen, Juha Hartikainen, Mika Lehto
Summary: This study investigated sex-specific temporal trends in the initiation of oral anticoagulant therapy among patients diagnosed with atrial fibrillation in Finland between 2007 and 2018. The study found that although female sex was initially associated with a lower initiation of OAC therapy, the gender disparities resolved over the course of the study period.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jamil S. Samaan, Yazan Abboud, Janice Oh, Yi Jiang, Rabindra Watson, Kenneth Park, Quin Liu, Katelyn Atkins, Andrew Hendifar, Jun Gong, Arsen Osipov, Debiao Li, Nicholas N. Nissen, Stephen J. Pandol, Simon K. Lo, Srinivas Gaddam
Summary: The incidence of pancreatic cancer is increasing at a greater rate in young women compared to young men. A study using the SEER 21 database found that young Hispanic women had the highest increase in incidence, followed by young Black women. This highlights the disproportionate burden of disease on young women of color.
Article
Immunology
Tim Pieters, Sara T'Sas, Stijn Vanhee, Andre Almeida, Yasmine Driege, Juliette Roels, Wouter Van Loocke, Willem Daneels, Mathijs Baens, Arnaud Marchand, Maaike Van Trimpont, Filip Matthijssens, Julie Morscio, Kelly Lemeire, Beatrice Lintermans, Lindy Reunes, Patrick Chaltin, Fritz Offner, Jo Van Dorpe, Tino Hochepied, Geert Berx, Rudi Beyaert, Jens Staal, Pieter Van Vlierberghe, Steven Goossens
Summary: The study demonstrates for the first time that hematopoiesis-specific activation of cyclin D2 is sufficient to drive murine MCL-like lymphoma development. Additionally, cyclin D2 overexpression can synergize with loss of p53 to form aggressive and transplantable MCL-like lymphomas.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Alissa Becerril, Elizabeth R. Pfoh, Ardeshir Z. Hashmi, Lyla Mourany, Douglas D. Gunzler, Kristen A. Berg, Nikolas I. Krieger, Kamini Krishnan, Scott Emory Moore, Eva Kahana, Neal V. Dawson, Lorella Luezas Shamakian, James W. Campbell, Adam T. Perzynski, Jarrod E. Dalton
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relative impact of neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage on dementia incidence rates in racially and ethnically diverse populations, as well as the spatial relationship between neighborhood disadvantage and dementia risk. The results showed that increasing neighborhood disadvantage was associated with an increased risk of EHR-documented dementia diagnosis or dementia-related death, even after adjusting for other potential confounders. Mediation analysis revealed that neighborhood disadvantage accounted for 34% and 29% of the elevated risk for composite dementia outcome in Hispanic and Black patients compared to White patients, respectively.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Joseph Lunyera, Robert M. Clare, Karen Chiswell, Julia J. Scialla, Patrick H. Pun, Kevin L. Thomas, Monique A. Starks, Clarissa J. Diamantidis
Summary: This study found that Black patients had a significantly higher risk of developing AKI after percutaneous coronary intervention compared to White patients, with no significant difference observed in other racial groups. Investigation into factors predisposing Black individuals to increased AKI risk after this procedure is needed.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Erin L. Marcotte, Allison M. Domingues, Jeannette M. Sample, Michaela R. Richardson, Logan G. Spector
Summary: The study found significant differences in incidence rates of pediatric cancers among different age groups, with Black and Hispanic individuals showing variations in certain types of leukemia rates compared to Whites.
Article
Immunology
Sun Kim, Ted Cohen, C. Robert Horsburgh, Jeffrey W. Miller, Andrew N. Hill, Suzanne M. Marks, Rongxia Li, J. Steve Kammerer, Joshua A. Salomon, Nicolas A. Menzies
Summary: Older age is a risk factor for tuberculosis (TB) in low incidence settings. This study aimed to estimate trends and racial/ethnic differences in TB incidence among US-born cohorts aged 50 years and older. The results showed that TB rates were highest for racial/ethnic minorities and for the earliest birth cohorts and declined with age.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Emilie Sonne-Holm, Jesper Kjaergaard, Lia E. Bang, Emil Fosbol, Jorn Carlsen, Matilde Winther-Jensen
Summary: Based on Danish registry data, the incidence rate of pulmonary embolism (PE) has increased across all age groups from 1999 to 2018, despite a decrease in mortality rate. This may be attributed to improved sensitivity of diagnostic methods and changes in the burden of comorbid conditions. Therefore, continued efforts in early prevention of PE are still crucial.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Cecilia Radkiewicz, Johanna B. Bruchfeld, Caroline E. Weibull, Mathias L. Jeppesen, Henrik Frederiksen, Mats Lambe, Lasse Jakobsen, Tarec C. El-Galaly, Karin E. Smedby, Tove Wasterlid
Summary: It is well established that males have a higher risk and poorer survival of most cancers, and this pattern also applies to lymphomas. In this study, researchers used the Swedish Lymphoma Register to investigate sex differences in lymphoma subtype incidence and excess mortality. The findings showed that men had a significantly higher incidence and trend toward higher mortality in most lymphoma subtypes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Social Work
Evan Senreich, Travis Dale
Summary: The study analyzed licensing rates of over 5,000 graduates of three MSW programs in New York State, finding that White graduates had significantly higher rates of licensure than those who identified as Black, Latinx, Asian/Pacific Islander, mixed, or other. Older Black and Latinx graduates had far lower rates of licensure than their younger counterparts. The results suggest the need for further investigation into racial and age disparities in social work licensure, in line with the core value of social justice in the field.