Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hayato Shimizu, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Nobuhiro Hiramoto, Hiroaki Nishioka
Summary: This article describes a rare case of pulmonary tuberculosis accompanied by pure red cell aplasia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. The hematologic disorders improved with treatment of the tuberculosis, suggesting that tuberculosis should be considered as a possible cause of pure red cell aplasia.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Mickael Martin, Hoan-My Nguyen, Clement Beuvon, Johana Bene, Pascale Palassin, Marina Atzenhoffer, Franck Rouby, Marion Sassier, Marie-Christine Perault-Pochat, Pascal Roblot, Marion Allouchery, Mathieu Puyade
Summary: This study further characterizes immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related cytopenias using the French pharmacovigilance database, revealing that these cytopenias are rare but potentially life-threatening adverse drug reactions. Immune thrombocytopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia are the most frequently reported types of ICI-related cytopenias. Early recognition and timely initiation of appropriate treatment are crucial in managing these conditions in clinical practice.
Article
Immunology
Ehud Even-Or, Yael Dinur Schejter, Adeeb NaserEddin, Irina Zaidman, Bella Shadur, Polina Stepensky
Summary: Autoimmune cytopenia (AIC) is a challenging complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in pediatric patients with nonmalignant diseases. The etiology of post-HSCT AIC is poorly understood, and the treatment response can vary. A relatively high prevalence of AIC is seen in patients with osteopetrosis, possibly due to difficult engraftment and high rates of mixed chimerism. Novel treatment modalities are needed for better management of severe and refractory cases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Hsu-En Huang, Ko-Ming Lin, Jing-Chi Lin, Yu-Ting Lin, Hsiao-Ru He, Yu-Wei Wang, Shan-Fu Yu, Jia-Feng Chen, Tien-Tsai Cheng
Summary: Danazol therapy is an effective option for patients with refractory AIHA and ITP. In a 6-month observational study, 100% of AIHA patients and 75% of ITP patients achieved treatment response. Responders were able to reduce the dose of glucocorticoids and discontinue immunosuppressants.
Article
Immunology
Lucy Aitken, Ronak Patel, James D'Rozario, Philip Choi
Summary: This case report describes a 28-year-old female with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis who developed autoimmune complications following alemtuzumab treatment, including anemia and low platelet levels. Despite receiving multiple medications and blood transfusions for several months, the patient's MS remained stable with no new relapses 3 years post treatment. The combination of red cell aplasia, immune thrombocytopenia, and immune neutropenia following alemtuzumab immunotherapy is rare and highlights the importance of close blood monitoring in patients receiving this treatment.
Review
Oncology
Nil Albiol, Carol Moreno
Summary: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is often accompanied by autoimmune cytopenia (AIC), and the success of treatment depends on the patient's response to therapy. A flexible strategy involving initial corticosteroid therapy and transitioning to effective CLL treatment when necessary is crucial for managing active CLL-related AIC.
Article
Immunology
Ebe Schiavo, Beatrice Martini, Enrico Attardi, Filippo Consonni, Sara Ciullini Mannurita, Maria Luisa Coniglio, Marco Tellini, Elena Chiocca, Ilaria Fotzi, Laura Luti, Irene D'Alba, Marinella Veltroni, Claudio Favre, Eleonora Gambineri
Summary: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are genetic disorders that can lead to a wide range of clinical manifestations, including increased susceptibility to infections and immune dysregulation. Autoimmune cytopenias can be a sign of IEI, especially in pediatric patients. However, there is a lack of precise indicators or parameters to screen for hidden congenital immune defects. Identifying specific alterations associated with IEI can aid in early diagnosis and provide potential therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhengrui Xiao, Irina Murakhovskaya
Summary: AIHA is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by the destruction of red blood cells mediated by autoantibodies, presenting challenges in treatment. Traditional first-line therapies have associated adverse effects and treatment failures, with high rates of relapse. Some patients are refractory to available treatments, leading to the importance of novel therapies.
Article
Immunology
Emma Westermann-Clark, Cristina Adelia Meehan, Anna K. Meyer, Joseph F. Dasso, Devendra Amre, Maryssa Ellison, Bhumika Patel, Marisol Betensky, Charles Isaac Hauk, Jennifer Mayer, Jonathan Metts, Jennifer W. Leiding, Panida Sriaroon, Ambuj Kumar, Irmel Ayala, Jolan E. Walter
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical features and biomarkers of primary immunodeficiency (PID) in pediatric patients with autoimmune cytopenias (AIC). Patients with both AIC and PID were found to have specific clinical features and biomarkers compared to those with AIC alone, including splenomegaly, low immunoglobulin levels, and positivity for autoantibodies. AIC patients, especially those with Evans syndrome or AIHA, should be evaluated for PID.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Megumi Shibata, Kayoko Kaneko, Nagayoshi Umehara, Hitoshi Matsui, Toshinao Kawai, Hisaya Nakadate, Atsuko Murashimia, Haruhiko Sago
Summary: This article reports a rare case of thymoma-associated PRCA during pregnancy, which achieved a good prognosis through conservative treatment and follow-up observation.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Olisaemeka D. Ogbue, Waled Bahaj, Tariq Kewan, Ramsha Ahmed, Danai Dima, Nakisha Willimas, Arda Durmaz, Valeria Visconte, Sara M. Maskal, Carmelo Gurnari, Rosenblatt Steven, Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski
Summary: The study demonstrates that splenectomy is an effective treatment option for immune-mediated cytopenias with a low complication rate. Furthermore, the study found that treatment failure with multiple lines of medical therapy is associated with the failure to respond to splenectomy.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ping-Ping Xiao, Xu-Yan Chen, Zhi-Gao Dong, Jin-Mei Huang, Qing-Qing Wang, Yong-Quan Chen, Yi Zhang
Summary: T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia (T-LGLL) is a rare type of aplastic anemia with diverse clinical manifestations, often presenting with concomitant diseases. In this case study, a 34-year-old woman with a 20-year history of anemia was diagnosed with CD57-negative gamma delta T-LGLL with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). Treatment with cyclophosphamide helped to improve the patient's prognosis, with increased hemoglobin levels and improved ability to perform daily living activities after 5 months of treatment.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Boris Sorin, Jehane Fadlallah, Margaux Garzaro, Julien Vigneron, Remi Bertinchamp, David Boutboul, Eric Oksenhendler, Claire Fieschi, Marion Malphettes, Lionel Galicier
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed the treatment outcomes of 30 adult patients with refractory or relapsing autoimmune cytopenia (AIC) treated with mTOR inhibitors (mTORi). The results showed that mTORi-based therapy, especially in combination with other treatments, was effective in improving AIC, especially in multilineage and secondary AIC patients. However, a small number of patients discontinued mTORi treatment due to safety concerns or personal choices.
ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dominik Kiem, Michael Leisch, Daniel Neureiter, Theresa Haslauer, Alexander Egle, Thomas Melchardt, Max S. Topp, Richard Greil
Summary: CAR-T cell therapy may lead to Coombs-negative hemolytic anemia, which requires continuous monitoring. Hematologic parameters and bone marrow biopsy are important diagnostic tools.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hideo Kimura, Miki Furukawa, Yutaka Shiga, Tatsuyuki Kai, Ikkoh Yasuda, Shungo Katoh, Eiichiro Sando
Summary: We report a case of severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) exacerbation associated with pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) after COVID-19 in a 28-year-old Japanese man. The patient developed severe anemia approximately 4 weeks after COVID-19 and laboratory tests confirmed IgG-mediated warm-type AIHA. Treatment with oral prednisolone resulted in improvement of anemia and increased reticulocyte count. This case highlights the potential hematological complications, such as AIHA and PRCA, triggered by COVID-19, although the exact mechanisms remain unclear.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
