Review
Environmental Sciences
Marc Le Menn, Rajesh Nair
Summary: The salinity of seawater is crucial for climate studies, and accurately measuring this variable is challenging due to small variations over long time scales. Currently, conductivity measurement is used to define practical salinity, but non-conductive substances and differences in sea salt composition can cause salinity anomalies. The concept of absolute salinity (S-A) has been introduced to account for these anomalies. Recent developments in acoustic techniques, refractometry, and fiber optic assemblies have shown promise in in situ absolute salinity measurement.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Dabao He, Wenbin Kuang, Xiaoling Yang, Miao Xu
Summary: The study found that HbA1c levels were significantly lower in patients with HbH disease compared to healthy individuals, while GA showed no significant difference between the two groups. Using HbA1c as a diagnostic criterion for diabetes may lead to a considerable number of diabetic patients with HbH disease being missed. GA, instead of HbA1c, is suitable for monitoring glycemic control in patients with HbH disease and can modify HbA1c's discriminative ability for diagnosing diabetes.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Trinitat Cambras, Odile Romero, Antoni Diez-Noguera, Albert Lecube, Gabriel Sampol
Summary: The study revealed a high prevalence of sleep apnea and circadian rhythm abnormalities in patients with diabetes, which were associated with poor glycemic control.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jeongseon Yoo, Youngah Choi, Shin Ae Park, Ji Yeon Seo, Chul Woo Ahn, Jaehyun Han
Summary: The study found that glycated albumin and GA/HbA1c ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were associated with the progression of COVID-19 from mild to severe disease. Patients with high blood sugar are more likely to develop severe disease.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Shinsuke Inoue, Shiho Tsuruda, Arisa Tsuruta, Mariko Kishikawa, Kota Yamazaki, Kazuo Ibaraki, Yasuhiro Yamashiro, Masafumi Koga
Summary: This is a case report of a male patient in his thirties who presented to our hospital for a secondary examination after a high HbA1c level was found in a 2020 medical check-up. Multiple tests revealed a novel d-chain hemoglobin variant in the patient, named "Hb A2-Karatsu".
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lu Lin, Anping Wang, Yan He, Weiqing Wang, Zhengnan Gao, Xulei Tang, Li Yan, Qin Wan, Zuojie Luo, Guijun Qin, Lulu Chen, Yiming Mu, Jingtao Dou
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effects of the hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) on hyperglycemia diagnosis and found that individuals with high HGI have similar clinical characteristics. Using HbA1c alone for diagnosis could lead to inappropriate diabetes management decisions in people with low or high HGI.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Bo -Tau Liu, Po -Hung Chen, Meng -Chun Peng
Summary: By incorporating PVP into the Cs0.33WO3 layer, a NIR shielding film with high transparency in the visible region was successfully fabricated, resulting in significantly enhanced transmittance. The reduction of internal reflection in the Cs0.33WO3 layer caused by the incorporation of PVP, along with the protective effect of PVA at high temperatures, contributed to the improvements.
JOURNAL OF THE TAIWAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ouafa Sijilmassi, Pilar Garcia-Parejo, Alberto Alvarez-Herrero
Summary: This article presents a simple method for estimating the refractive indices of pure organic dyes, which was successfully applied to Phloxine B. The results showed that the Arago-Biot and Gladstone-Dale mixing rules are the most suitable for checking the refractive index.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Fawen Xie, Shuangyuan Huang, Tianchao Miao, Shiman He, Zeyu Lin, Longhan Xie
Summary: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology is a noninvasive tool that detects changes in hemoglobin concentration in human tissues through optical signals, allowing for the determination of muscle activation states. A multichannel NIRS system is essential for motion recognition, and the wireless communication and equipped upper computer system improve real-time monitoring and accuracy. The analysis of NIRS signals using common mode and difference mode shows superior performance.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Transplantation
Junichi Hoshino, Masanori Abe, Takayuki Hamano, Takeshi Hasegawa, Atsushi Wada, Shigeru Nakai, Norio Hanafusa, Ikuto Masakane, Kosaku Nitta
Summary: The GA/A1c ratio is significantly associated with 3-year mortality, especially infectious and cardiovascular mortality, in dialysis patients with diabetes. This ratio may be a promising new clinical indicator of survival in these patients, independent of their current glycemic control and nutritional markers.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Optics
Alexander Sidorov, Lada A. Ignatieva
Summary: The spectral properties of a 1D photonic crystal with a defect in the near IR and THz spectral ranges were studied through computer simulation. Optimizing the structure revealed that a photonic crystal made up of 4 silicon plates separated by air gaps could be used for measuring the refractive index of liquid analytes in both near IR and THz spectral ranges simultaneously, with sensitivities of 275 nm/RIU in the near IR range and 424 GHz/RIU in the THz range.
Article
Neurosciences
Yerim Kim, Sang-Hwa Lee, Min Kyoung Kang, Tae Jung Kim, Han-Yeong Jeong, Eung-Joon Lee, Jeonghoon Bae, Kipyoung Jeon, Ki-Woong Nam, Byung-Woo Yoon
Summary: This study found that higher levels of glycated albumin (GA) were associated with unfavorable short-term functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke, while glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were not significantly correlated with outcomes. This association was particularly strong in patients without diabetes, suggesting that GA may be a more reliable prognostic biomarker compared to HbA1c for short-term stroke outcomes.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Wang Liao, Yuwen Chen, Qiyue Gao, Rongrong Gan, Ming Li, Zhenliang Liu, Jiasheng Liang, Henghua Cui, Kaida Ren, Yabin Liu, Zhengdong Wang, Jun Jiang, Qucheng Wei
Summary: This study found that SHR1 and SHR2, derived from HbA1c or GA, serve as robust and independent prognostic markers for STEMI patients undergoing PCI. Increases in both SHR1 and SHR2 were associated with higher risks of in-hospital death and all-cause mortality. Additionally, incorporating SHR1 or SHR2 into the base model significantly improved the discrimination and risk reclassification for in-hospital and all-cause mortality. The effects of SHR1 and SHR2 were more pronounced in patients with hypercholesteremia.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ilpo Niskanen, Janne Lauri, Masayuki Yokota, Rauno Heikkila, Taro Hashimoto, Tapio Fabritius
Summary: The study introduces a new measurement technique for determining the refractive index of solid particles by monitoring light scattering and refractive index values, without the need for multiple immersion liquids. The proposed method was successfully tested using calcium fluoride particles and varnish immersion liquid, showing consistent results with literature values. This method provides an accurate and efficient way to measure the refractive index of solid particles.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lu Lin, Anping Wang, Xiaomeng Jia, Haibin Wang, Yan He, Yiming Mu, Jingtao Dou
Summary: This study investigates the association between HGI and the risk of incident diabetes and finds that a higher HGI is associated with an increased risk of diabetes in the future, suggesting its potential use as a marker for predicting diabetes risk.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemical Research Methods
Luis M. Oliveira, Igor Meglinski, Valery V. Tuchin
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Irina N. N. Dolganova, Arsen K. K. Zotov, Larisa P. P. Safonova, Polina V. V. Aleksandrova, Igor V. V. Reshetov, Kirill I. I. Zaytsev, Valery V. V. Tuchin, Vladimir N. N. Kurlov
Summary: This article introduces a sapphire cryoprobe as a potential solution to the problem of tissue freezing monitoring in modern cryosurgery. The probe consists of a sapphire rod manufactured from Al2O3 melt and optical fibers connected to the source and the detector. It enables the detection of tissue optical response for estimating tissue freezing depth. Experimental tests with a gelatin-intralipid tissue phantom demonstrate the feasibility of this concept, with the probe being able to monitor freezing depth up to 10 mm. This highlights the potential of sapphire-based instruments with optical diagnosis in modern cryosurgery.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2023)
Article
Spectroscopy
Ana R. Botelho, Hugo F. Silva, Ines S. Martins, Isa C. Carneiro, Sonia D. Carvalho, Rui M. Henrique, Valery V. Tuchin, Luis M. Oliveira
Summary: A fast calculation method was used to obtain the spectral optical properties of human normal and pathological kidney tissues. Both tissues were found to contain melanin and lipofuscin, with the majority of melanin in the pathological kidney converting into lipofuscin.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Optics
Qingming Luo, Valery V. Tuchin, Lihong Wang
JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE OPTICAL HEALTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexey A. Selifonov, Andrey S. Rykhlov, Valery V. Tuchin
Summary: The method of immersion optical clearing can reduce light scattering in tissues, improving the use of optical technologies by clinicians. This study examined the optical and molecular diffusion properties of cat ovarian tissues in the follicular and luteal phases under the influence of glycerol. Results showed that the reflectance and transmittance of the ovaries were significantly lower in the range of 200 to 600 nm compared to longer wavelengths, and the efficiency of optical clearing was lower in the luteal phase. The diffusion coefficient of glycerol/tissue water was estimated, and the time of complete dehydration of ovarian samples was determined.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jiawei Song, Nan Zeng, Hui Ma, Valery V. Tuchin
Summary: This study proposes a non-invasive polarization optical method to evaluate the microstructural changes in tissues during agent diffusion. The method is validated through experiments using skeletal muscle samples and Monte Carlo simulations. It provides a quantitative characterization of tissue changes and offers insights into the optical clearing stages in tissues.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alexey Selifonov, Ekaterina Selifonova, Valery V. V. Tuchin
Summary: The study used diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to investigate the changes in the optical properties of gingival mucosa caused by e-liquids in the range of 200-800 nm. It revealed the presence of three dynamic windows of gingival optical transparency in the ultraviolet (UV) range. The diffusion coefficients of e-liquids with different compositions in the gingival mucosa were estimated, which is of practical importance in disease prevention, pharmaceutical toxicity associated with vaping, and improving the effectiveness of oral UV therapy.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Maria Rosario Pinheiro, Valery V. V. Tuchin, Luis Manuel Oliveira
Summary: This article explores the use of diffuse reflectance (R-d) spectroscopy to evaluate water and sucrose diffusion properties in skeletal muscle during optical clearing treatments. By treating muscle samples with sucrose-water solutions of different osmolarities, collimated transmittance (T-c) and R-d measurements were performed to obtain diffusion time (t) and diffusion coefficient (D) values. The results show that the estimated t and D values for water in the muscle are 63.1s and 1.72x10(-6) cm(2)/s, while for sucrose they are 261s and 4.86x10(-7) cm(2)/s. Comparing these values with the ones estimated from T-c measurements, the relative differences for t and D are 1.6% and 2.8% for water, and 0.3% and 0.4% for sucrose.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ali Jaafar, Abbas Albarazanchi, Mohammed Jawad Kadhim, Maxim E. Darvin, Tamas Vaczi, Valery V. Tuchin, Miklos Veres
Summary: The influence of e-liquid on porcine lung immersed in it was investigated using confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy. The results showed that the Raman band intensities related to the lung increased after treatment, except for the surface, which was due to the optical clearing effect caused by alveoli filling with e-liquid. Additionally, oxidative stress and collagen dehydration induced by e-liquid were observed. These findings suggest that nicotine-flavour-free e-liquids could potentially be used as optical clearing agents for enhanced Raman-guided bronchoscopy.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yimeng Wang, Da Huang, Kaiqiang Shu, Yingtong Xu, Yixiang Duan, Qingwen Fan, Qingyu Lin, Valery V. Tuchin
Summary: In this study, an innovative method based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with machine learning was developed to distinguish and classify different tumor cell lines. Convolutional neural network (CNN) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms achieved impressive discrimination performances for tumor cell distinguishing, with an accuracy of 97.72%. The results demonstrate the important role of element heterogeneity in tumor cell distinction and suggest the potential application of LIBS technique for fast classification of tumor cells.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2023)
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roman Verkhovskii, Alexey Ermakov, Oleg Grishin, Mikhail A. Makarkin, Ilya Kozhevnikov, Mikhail Makhortov, Anastasiia Kozlova, Samia Salem, Valery Tuchin, Daniil Bratashov
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Irina Yu. Yanina, Vadim D. Genin, Elina A. Genina, Dmitry A. Mudrak, Nikita A. Navolokin, Alla B. Bucharskaya, Yury V. Kistenev, Valery V. Tuchin
Summary: This study investigated the effects of e-liquid vaping on the morphological and optical properties of lung tissue. The results showed that e-liquid vaping led to optical clearing of lung tissue and caused emphysematous expansion of the alveoli and thickening of the alveolar septa. Spectral analysis also revealed that the hyperosmotic properties of glycerol and propylene glycol in e-liquids can cause dehydration of lung tissue.
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Ines S. Martins, Hugo F. Silva, Ekaterina N. Lazareva, Nikita Chernomyrdin, Kirill Zaytsev, Luis M. Oliveira, Valery V. Tuchin
Summary: A critical analysis of methods and results of measurements of the optical properties of tissues in a wide spectral range is presented in this review. The refractive index of biological tissues and liquids is emphasized, as it is crucial for the effective application of optical imaging and diagnostics. The differences in optical parameters between healthy and pathological tissues are discussed, along with the scattering properties of tissues in the terahertz range and the challenges in measuring the optical properties in this range. Additionally, a method for dynamically analyzing the optical properties of tissues under optical clearing is introduced.
BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
K. V. Berezin, E. V. Grabarchuk, A. M. Lichter, K. N. Dvoretski, V. V. Tuchin
Summary: The results of in vivo immersion optical clearing of human skin under the action of two different optical clearing agents were obtained using optical coherence tomography and molecular modeling methods. The correlations between the efficiency of optical clearing and the energy of intermolecular interaction of the clearing agents with collagen peptide were established.
JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Applied
A. S. Kucheryavenko, I. N. Dolganova, A. A. Zhokhov, V. M. Masalov, G. R. Musina, V. V. Tuchin, N. V. Chernomyrdin, A. A. Gavdush, D. R. Il'enkova, S. V. Garnov, K. I. Zaytsev
Summary: In this paper, the researchers studied the use of Terahertz (THz) technology in medical spectroscopy and imaging. They found that tissues can have inhomogeneities at the THz wavelength scale, leading to scattering effects. To address this challenge, they developed a tissue-mimicking phantom and found that the effective optical properties can still be described using the effective medium theory (EMT).
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2023)