Article
Engineering, Geological
Chao Kang, Dave Chan
Summary: The erosional characteristics of debris flow and rock avalanche play a significant role in the changing mass during the flow process. The rate of erosion along the flow channel can be determined based on flow characteristics such as velocity and height of debris.
ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
David Blank, Julia Morgan, Yannick Caniven
Summary: Seismic waves during earthquakes induce transient stress changes in the crust, triggering critically stressed asperities at remote distances with significant time delays. The proposed slow-slip modulated delayed triggering model can account for a wide range of observed delay times, including cases of no delay and no triggering. Triggered slow slip events in nature may serve as warning signs of impending earthquakes, highlighting the importance of high-resolution monitoring of active fault zones.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Kun Wang, Christopher W. Johnson, Kane C. Bennett, Paul A. Johnson
Summary: Machine learning models using seismic emissions can predict fault characteristics and slow slip. This study investigates whether the seismic/acoustic emission (AE) from laboratory experiments contains information about future friction behavior. The results show that AE signals do contain very near-term friction predictions, but the accuracy decreases as the future time window increases.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexis Saez, Brice Lecampion
Summary: Recent studies have shown that after the injection of fluids has stopped, fault slip propagates in pulse-like mode. This persistent stressing due to post-injection aseismic slip is a plausible mechanism for triggering post-injection seismicity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sara Beth L. Cebry, Chun-Yu Ke, Srisharan Shreedharan, Chris Marone, David S. Kammer, Gregory C. McLaskey
Summary: Laboratory earthquake experiments have revealed that delayed earthquake triggering, similar to aftershocks, can be reproduced through propagating slow slip fronts. The speed of these fronts is highly sensitive to the fault stress levels left behind by previous earthquakes. The experiments also showed periodic repeating earthquakes transitioning into complex sequences of fast and slow events.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Fabio Luino, Jerome De Graff, Marcella Biddoccu, Francesco Faccini, Michele Freppaz, Anna Roccati, Fabrizio Ungaro, Michele D'Amico, Laura Turconi
Summary: This study analyzed the historical shallow landslides and mud-debris flows triggered by rainfall events in northern Italy and found that soil-related factors play a significant role in differentiating landslide activation in different regions. Rainfall thresholds for landslide occurrence vary based on soil region, textural class, and dominant soil typological units. The results of this study provide valuable information for forecasting and preventing geohydrological processes and developing effective warning strategies to mitigate risks and reduce socio-economic damage.
Article
Polymer Science
Takashi Uneyama, Yuichi Masubuchi
Summary: Our study reveals that due to fluctuations at short time scales, the characteristic number of segments in entangled polymers deviates from the average number of segments, leading to a non-trivial relationship between the plateau modulus and these two parameters.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Yong Xu, Mei Fang, Peng Shi, Ya-Jun Pan, Choon Ki Ahn
Summary: This paper investigates the event-triggered containment control problem of multiagent systems with a directed graph, proposing a novel protocol for scheduling communications between agents and enabling agent-to-agent data transmission through specific local events. The study develops sufficient conditions for solving the CC problem under this protocol and extends it to an adaptive event-triggered protocol without the need for global knowledge, while also deriving positive lower bounds on interevent time intervals to eliminate the Zeno phenomenon.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Georgios Charvalas, Alexandra D. Solomou, Kyriakos D. Giannoulis, Elpiniki Skoufogianni, Dimitrios Bartzialis, Christina Emmanouil, Nicholaos G. Danalatos
Summary: This article provides an overview of alternative methods for restoring contaminated soils (phytoremediation), focusing on areas of excessive metallurgical activities in Greece. Two case studies in Northern Greece were selected, one characterized by metal mining and a hot summer Mediterranean climate, and the other involving lignite mining and pollution under subtropical climate.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Hana Vavrouchova, Antonin Vaishar, Veronika Perinkova
Summary: This paper presents the historical landscape elements left after the disappearance of settlements in northern Moravia and the Czech part of Silesia, and proposes a method for identification and documentation.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Feili Wang, Kaiwen Xia, Wei Yao, Shuhong Wang, Chonglang Wang, Zhanguo Xiu
Summary: This study presents an experimental method to simulate slip shear failure along rock discontinuities, conducted by dynamic direct shear experiments using a dynamic shear apparatus combined with a high-speed digital camera. The effects of shear velocity and normal stress on rough rock discontinuities are analyzed, revealing that slip rate is linearly proportional to shear velocity and decreases with increasing normal stress. A dynamic failure criterion is developed considering both surface roughness and dynamic loading, providing a good prediction of the experimental data on the dynamic shear process of rock discontinuities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Linfeng Fan, Peter Lehmann, Chunmiao Zheng, Dani Or
Summary: Vegetation modulates rainfall-induced landslides primarily through root reinforcement, canopy interception, and evapotranspiration. An understudied consequence of vegetation activity is the promotion of soil structure development, which inhibits landslides by enhancing infiltration capacity and drainage. Developed soil structure also decreases sediment yields and promotes the export of dissolved organic carbon.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Shuang Liu, Chunmei Duan, Wuneng Zhou
Summary: This paper addresses the problem of stochastic stability of closed-loop systems under deception attacks using an adaptive event-triggering scheme (AETS) with saturation constraint. Novel stability criteria for networked control systems under deception attacks are proposed by considering the difficulty of adapting fixed thresholds to changing systems. An adaptive event-triggering scheme with saturation constraint is introduced, in which a threshold variable incorporating system states is used to reduce network load. The desired controller gain matrix is obtained using linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) technique. The Lyapunov-Krasovskii method is employed to derive sufficient conditions for system stability. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL AUTOMATION AND SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Asifa Yesmin, Abhisek K. Behera, Manas K. Bera, Bijnan Bandyopadhyay
Summary: This article presents a new event-triggering based design of sliding mode control for the control of a dynamical system against external perturbations. It achieves a sparser sampling pattern and larger inter event time by employing a dynamic event-triggering mechanism. The proposed design guarantees stability and eliminates the Zeno phenomenon in the triggering sequence, while maintaining steady-state performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONTROL
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
Sunil Kumar Mishra, Amitkumar Jha, Vijay Kumar Verma, Bhargav Appasani, Almoataz Y. Abdelaziz, Nicu Bizon
Summary: This paper presents an optimized algorithm for event-triggered control of networked control systems. By reducing the number of samples sent over the communication channel and designing appropriate event triggering rules, the stability of the system can be improved. Case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed ETC in terms of system states, control effort, and inter-event execution time.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Michele Placido Antonio Gatto, Lorella Montrasio, Marta Berardengo, Marcello Vanali
Summary: This study presents a new experimental apparatus to analyze wave propagation in pure sand and composite sand-polyurethane specimens. The aim is to explore the seismic mitigation provided by polyurethane inserted into soil under existing structures. Experimental results show that thicker polyurethane layers result in greater acceleration reductions.
JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Michele Placido Antonio Gatto, Lorella Montrasio
Summary: The study investigates the influence of slenderness on ultimate behavior of very small diameter piles through numerical analysis and experimental tests. It shows that as pile diameter decreases, the critical slenderness also decreases. Ultimate load evaluation for very small diameter piles should consider critical load, while for larger diameter piles, buckling is not a significant factor.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Michele Placido Antonio Gatto, Lorella Montrasio, Linda Zavatto
Summary: The experimental results showed that polyurethane can mitigate wave propagation, affecting seismic isolation, and accelerations in composite samples decrease with increasing polyurethane content. The parametric analysis based on a theoretical model indicated that the proposed isolation method is efficient.
JOURNAL OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Michele Placido Antonio Gatto, Valentina Lentini, Lorella Montrasio
Summary: The paper focuses on the dynamic characterization of polyurethane in order to evaluate its effects on geotechnical seismic isolation when injected into soil. Resonant column tests were conducted on pure polyurethane specimens with varying densities and subjected to different mean confining pressures. The results were used to develop analytical formulas for shear modulus and damping ratio, taking into account the relationship with density. The analytical formulas were then applied in seismic analyses of cohesive soils injected with polyurethane using a finite element code. The numerical results demonstrate that polyurethane injections reduce the maximum ground surface acceleration, and the reduction varies with the thickness of the soil modified by polyurethane injections.
BULLETIN OF EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Usman Ali Khan, Roberto Valentino
Summary: Sediment characterization is crucial for understanding geomorphological attributes of a catchment. This study introduces a hybrid technique to determine the granulometric distribution of sediment in the Baganza River. A comparison of traditional sieve analysis and photogrammetric method shows strong agreement in coarser segments but deficiency in finer segments. The adopted hybrid technique is efficient in reducing costs and sediment sample collection time.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Michele Placido Antonio Gatto, Lorella Montrasio
Summary: This paper presents a multi-approach algorithm, based on a simplified physically-based model, for predicting soil slips over large areas. The algorithm overcomes the limitations of AI-driven methods, which are not suitable for temporal prediction. Using different approaches, the algorithm evaluates model parameters for grid pixels based on easily available territorial data. The algorithm is validated in the Emilia-Romagna Region of Italy and demonstrates excellent prediction capabilities with an AUC > 80%.
COMPUTERS AND GEOTECHNICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Geological
Roberto Valentino, Alessandro Chelli, Emma Petrella
Summary: This article introduces a Summer School on Landslides and Slope Stability Analysis held in Rwanda in July 2022 and its importance. The Summer School was organized by Rwanda Polytechnic - College of Musanze in collaboration with the University of Parma, Rwanda Water Resources Board, and Rwanda Transport Development Agency. It aimed to enhance higher education in Rwanda in strategic fields for sustainable growth.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Roberto Valentino, Franco Bisceglie, Elena Romeo
Summary: Polyurethane resins are commonly used in geotechnical applications to improve soil properties and stabilize structures. This study investigated the effects of long-term aging on the mechanical, physical, and chemical behavior of polyurethane resin specimens. Artificial aging experiments were conducted using various methods to simulate underground conditions. The results showed that accelerated aging had no significant impact on the volume change or mechanical properties of the polyurethane resins. The tested resins exhibited high durability, stability, and maintained their deformability and strength under conditions similar to those in the ground. Infrared spectroscopy analysis also indicated no chemical degradation in the resins.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Michele Placido Antonio Gatto, Valentina Lentini, Lorella Montrasio, Francesco Castelli
Summary: This study proposes a simplified methodology for rainfall-induced shallow landslides risk assessment, combining susceptibility assessment from a physically-based model with distance indices representing interference probability with elements at risk. The methodology is applied to Gioiosa Marea municipality in Italy, showing that all detected areas are affected by SLIP safety factor between 0 and 2. However, the validation of results is limited due to the lack of details in regional hydrogeological plans.
Article
Engineering, Geological
Lorella Montrasio, Michele Placido Antonio Gatto, Chiara Miodini
Summary: This paper discusses the role of plants in preventing shallow landslides induced by rain. It introduces the G-SLIP model, which is modified to predict soil slips considering vegetation effects. The model is applied to a case study in the Parma Apennines, where landslides caused significant damages and losses. The analysis demonstrates that vegetation presence in the area significantly reduces the occurrence of shallow landslides. Finally, an attempt at soil slip mitigation through naturalistic techniques is presented.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mirko Anello, Marco Bittelli, Massimiliano Bordoni, Fabrizio Laurini, Claudia Meisina, Marco Riani, Roberto Valentino
Summary: This research presents a statistical model for estimating soil water content based on weather data. The model was tested using field experimental data, and a combination of robust parametric and non-parametric models was used for data analysis. The proposed model successfully captures the relevant features of the field data for predictive purposes.
MATHEMATICAL GEOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Michele Placido Antonio Gatto, Lorella Montrasio
Summary: This study models the dynamic properties of sand-polyurethane composite materials using the Artificial Neural Network method. Three FeedForward Neural Network models are developed to predict the shear modulus decay, normalized shear modulus decay, and damping ratio curve. The models show good prediction quality compared to experimental results. The research concludes that the volumetric percentage of polyurethane has a greater impact on the composite materials than its dynamic properties.
SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Roberto Valentino
Summary: This paper presents a parametric analysis of three 2D case studies exploring the influence of weak layers on slope stability using the finite element method (FEM). The study investigates the impact of various geometrical and numerical characteristics of the weak layers, such as mesh elements, mesh density, and geometry. The results provide practical suggestions for FEM slope stability analyses to ensure precautionary assessment of slope stability.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Michele Placido Antonio Gatto, Valentina Lentini, Francesco Castelli, Lorella Montrasio, Davide Grassi
Summary: This study investigates the effect of polyurethane injections on the seismic surficial response of cohesionless soils through dynamic finite element numerical analysis. The results demonstrate that polyurethane can reduce surface accelerations, providing preliminary guidance for designing polyurethane injections to reduce seismic accelerations in cohesionless soils.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Davide Stevanoni, Roberto Valentino
Summary: The study applies a design method traditionally used for medium- and large-diameter piles to nongrouted hollow steel bar micropiles with very small diameters, based on cone penetration tests. Field data from different sites is used to fit the analytical method and compute the characteristic value of micropile resistance. A Monte Carlo analysis is used to test the method's reliability and determine the reduction correlation factor for calculating characteristic resistance.
PRACTICE PERIODICAL ON STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION
(2021)
