Article
Business
Leonardo Augusto de Vasconcelos Gomes, Ana Lucia Figueiredo Facin, Mario Sergio Salerno
Summary: The paper examines how entrepreneurs cope with uncertainty propagation in innovation ecosystems, identifying four mechanisms for managing uncertainty: identification of a protected niche, use of cognitive alignment, adoption of sequential learning, and use of a communication platform. These mechanisms form the basis of a holistic framework for mitigating the effects of uncertainty propagation.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zofia Jabs-Sobocinska, Andrzej N. Affek, Ireneusz Ewiak, Mihai Daniel Nita
Summary: The study mapped post-agricultural forests in the Polish Carpathians and found that mature post-agricultural forests make up 27.6% of the total forest area, while younger post-agricultural forests make up 9%. The research also demonstrated that secondary forests fill forest gaps more often than form isolated patches.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Irina Veith, Arianna Mencattini, Valentin Picant, Marco Serra, Marine Leclerc, Maria Colomba Comes, Fathia Mami-Chouaib, Jacques Camonis, Stephanie Descroix, Hamasseh Shirvani, Fatima Mechta-Grigoriou, Gerard Zalcman, Maria Carla Parrini, Eugenio Martinelli
Summary: By simulating the tumor microenvironment and developing novel video analysis algorithms, this study reveals the spatiotemporal dynamics of cancer cell death and the potential cell-cell communication involved. Furthermore, it confirms the significant role of cancer-associated fibroblasts in breast cancer chemo-resistance.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Dejan Radovan Dordevic, Uros Duric, Sasa Tomislav Bakrac, Sinisa Milanko Drobnjak, Stevan Radojcic
Summary: This paper discusses the application of remote sensing methods in monitoring soil movement caused by landslides, using the Umka landslide as an example for historical survey analysis.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Milos Rusnak, Tomas Goga, Lukas Michaleje, Monika Sulc Michalkova, Zdenek Macka, Laszlo Bertalan, Anna Kidova
Summary: Riparian zones are important ecosystems that are shaped by interactions between river systems and their surrounding environments. This paper provides an overview of studies that have used remote sensing techniques to understand riparian form, function, and change over time. The majority of studies used aerial and satellite imagery, with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) being increasingly used for low-cost monitoring. However, the challenge remains in effectively transferring remote sensing data to managers and stakeholders for decision making and successful management of riparian zones.
Article
Remote Sensing
D. R. Biggs, R. P. Theart, K. Schreve
Summary: This paper presents an approach to reduce the negative effects of object density when counting objects in aerial images. Novel image and video datasets were generated and used for fine-tuning an existing object detection architecture and developing the proposed approach. The proposed approach uses density-based threshold shifting to improve counting performance and achieves a 78.51% reduction in overall mean absolute error on an unseen test dataset.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Feng-Hui Wang, Ling-Yi Li, Yong-Tao Liu, Shun Tian, Lang Wei
Summary: The paper presents an improved aerial target detection algorithm based on feature information fusion to address issues in the original algorithm, which can be used for designing a road traffic accident scene mapping system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CRASHWORTHINESS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Monica L. Noon, Allie Goldstein, Juan Carlos Ledezma, Patrick R. Roehrdanz, Susan C. Cook-Patton, Seth A. Spawn-Lee, Timothy Maxwell Wright, Mariano Gonzalez-Roglich, David G. Hole, Johan Rockstroem, Will R. Turner
Summary: This study maps globally the distribution of irrecoverable carbon reserves and finds that a third is managed by Indigenous peoples and local communities, with nearly a quarter located in protected areas.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Toshikazu Ushijima, Susan J. Clark, Patrick Tan
Summary: Cancer, driven by genomic and epigenomic derangements, requires multimodal data integration to understand the molecular evolution of malignant cell states across its lifecycle. Driver mutations and epigenetic alterations in normal-appearing tissues prompt a reassessment of cancer initiation, while studying clonal selection, epigenomic adaptation, and persister cells in metastasis and therapy resistance is an emerging field. The importance of tumor ecosystems in cancer development is being unveiled by advancing single-cell and spatial technologies.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nicholas J. Murray, Pete Bunting, Robert F. Canto, Lammert Hilarides, Emma V. Kennedy, Richard M. Lucas, Mitchell B. Lyons, Alejandro Navarro, Chris M. Roelfsema, Ake Rosenqvist, Mark D. Spalding, Maren Toor, Thomas A. Worthington
Summary: The translation mentions the importance of estimating the distribution, extent, and change of coastal ecosystems for monitoring global change. However, accurate spatial models require up-to-date reference data, which is often lacking for continental to global-scale ecosystem mapping. To address this issue, a global reference dataset of occurrence records for seven coastal ecosystem types has been developed. This dataset, called coastTrain, is curated from various global mapping initiatives and is designed to support the development of remote sensing classification models. It is an ongoing collaborative initiative aimed at sharing reference data, promoting validations of data products, and improving monitoring of coastal environments worldwide.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Shengyang Chen, Han Chen, Ching-Wei Chang, Chih-Yung Wen
Summary: The novel multilayer mapping framework, divided into awareness, local, and global layers, is implemented in different threads and supports various map outputs, providing an open-source solution for the research community.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun Ming Darrell Ong, Gazelle Jean Crasto, Erica Jade Anwar, Rachel Brooke, Philip Kang
Summary: Contemporary dentistry requires a comprehensive and personalized analysis for each patient. Digital photography has played an important role in accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, therapy execution, and outcome evaluation in dental practice. It also facilitates patient education, communication, and co-management with other healthcare providers. However, intra-oral photography faces challenges such as limited access to certain areas, different types of tissues involved, contamination, and varying illumination needs. This article proposes a standardized and systematic approach to overcome these challenges and provides guidelines for equipment specifications, operator and patient positions, tissue retraction techniques, and essential camera settings.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2022)
Article
Remote Sensing
Hyun-Jung Woo, Won-Hwa Hong, Jintak Oh, Seung-Chan Baek
Summary: In Republic of Korea, cracks in concrete structures are considered objective structural defects, leading to significant social costs. The use of UAVs and deep learning for efficient safety inspection is gaining attention, but current technology has limitations in identifying cracks that can affect building stability. This study proposes a method that combines UAV and deep learning to define structural cracks on concrete building walls. Utilizing orthoimage and structural drawing layers, cracks were detected and categorized. The proposed method is expected to greatly contribute to safety inspections by assessing crack quality and risk.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Xin Wang, Ning He, Chen Hong, Qi Wang, Ming Chen
Summary: This paper proposes an improved UAV aerial photography object detection algorithm called YOLOX_w to handle complex backgrounds and a large number of small objects. The algorithm improves detection accuracy through preprocessing the training set, data augmentation, and optimizing the loss function. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm achieves an 8% improvement in detection accuracy compared to the baseline algorithm YOLOX-X.
IMAGE AND VISION COMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Timofey Filkin, Natalia Sliusar, Marion Huber-Humer, Marco Ritzkowski, Vladimir Korotaev
Summary: This paper discusses the impact of software and hardware components used in unmanned aerial systems on the accuracy of estimating volume on landfills and dumpsites. It also evaluates the use of different types of UAVs and software for photogrammetric data processing. The study finds that both specialized and low-cost UAVs can provide accurate estimates of waste volume.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jonathan A. Walter, Lauren M. Hallett, Lawrence W. Sheppard, Thomas L. Anderson, Lei Zhao, Richard J. Hobbs, Katharine N. Suding, Daniel C. Reuman
Summary: Through studying micro-scale synchrony and geographies of synchrony within a serpentine grassland plant community, it was found that species populations exhibited a geography of synchrony even over distances up to 30 meters. Factors such as gopher disturbance and dispersal limitation played a major role in shaping the spatial structure of synchrony, while precipitation was a significant driver of temporal dynamics at both site and community levels.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Monte I. Masarei, Todd E. Erickson, David J. Merritt, Richard J. Hobbs, Andrew L. Guzzomi
Summary: To achieve large-scale restoration at the required pace, it is essential to enhance efficiencies throughout all stages of the process. Increased investment in engineered tools guided by ecology is advocated to improve the ability to restore ecosystems effectively.
ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Vanessa M. Gomes, Igor R. Assis, Richard J. Hobbs, G. Wilson Fernandes
Summary: This study demonstrates the association of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with ecosystem heterogeneity through glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), highlighting the importance of considering GRSP as a significant soil factor in the management and conservation of campo rupestre and similar ecosystems. GRSP content contributes to carbon storage and is influenced by soil properties, vegetation dissimilarity, and the presence of non- or less-AMF-dependent plant species, making it a potentially useful indicator in heterogeneous campo rupestre system.
JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Tina Parkhurst, Suzanne M. Prober, Richard J. Hobbs, Rachel J. Standish
Summary: The global meta-analysis found that old field restoration in agricultural landscapes had positive effects on soil condition but did not lead to full recovery when compared to a reference ecosystem. Few and idiosyncratic effects were detected for invertebrates. Further research is needed to understand effects of restoration on soil invertebrate functional groups and to develop management interventions that accelerate the restoration of soil condition.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Bryony J. Palmer, Leonie E. Valentine, Cheryl A. Lohr, Gergana N. Daskalova, Richard J. Hobbs
Summary: Through studying the burrows of boodies in Australia, it was found that these burrows have positive effects on soil moisture, nutrients, and the presence of non-native plants. While translocated boodies can benefit both native and non-native flora and fauna, their impact on vegetation communities is not significant.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Damian R. Michael, Harry Moore, Skye Wassens, Michael D. Craig, Reid Tingley, David G. Chapple, Jackie O'Sullivan, Richard J. Hobbs, Dale G. Nimmo
Summary: Rocky environments support a diverse range of organisms, including reptiles, and are crucial habitats for many specialised species. Agricultural practices in Australia, such as soil amelioration and rock crushing, are leading to the destruction of these important habitats and posing a threat to global biodiversity. Measures to prevent the further loss of biodiversity in agricultural landscapes, particularly for reptiles dependent on non-renewable rock habitat, are urgently needed.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Ecology
Gabrielle Beca, Leonie E. Valentine, Mauro Galetti, Richard J. Hobbs
Summary: The study found that about 22% of non-flying land-dwelling mammals globally can be considered as bioturbators, playing important roles in ecosystem engineering related to soil processes and services. Of these bioturbator mammal species, 16% are threatened, 2% are already Extinct, and 8% are classified as Data Deficient. The main threats come from activities related to agriculture and aquaculture (29%) and biological resource use (22%).
Article
Forestry
Michael D. Craig, Tony Kirkby, Vicki L. Stokes, Michael Renton, Richard J. Hobbs
Summary: This study found that factors influencing nest selection for the endangered tree hollow-nesting Karak bird include the depth and height of the hollows, as well as their proximity to ephemeral and permanent water sources. Suitable hollows are likely to be scarce in the landscape, indicating a need for management strategies to maintain their supply. Maintenance of drink sites in areas experiencing declines in rainfall may require innovative approaches, such as artificial drink sites.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Rachel J. Standish, Matthew I. Daws, Tim K. Morald, Jane Speijers, John M. Koch, Richard J. Hobbs, Mark Tibbett
Summary: This study investigated the effects of escalating phosphorus supply and stoichiometric adjustment of nitrogen supply on the growth and nutrition of jarrah forest seedlings. The results highlight the importance of phosphorus and nitrogen supply in determining the symbiotic relationship between plants and mycorrhizal fungi. Careful consideration of fertiliser amounts is needed for ecological restoration of ecosystems adapted to nutrient poor soils.
Article
Ecology
Joan Dudney, Carla D'Antonio, Richard J. Hobbs, Nancy Shackelford, Rachel J. Standish, Katharine N. Suding
Summary: In the face of rapid environmental change, restoration efforts should focus on innovative approaches that promote long-term resilience of social and ecological systems. This article highlights the crucial role of adaptive capacity, which enables restoration practices, governance, and target ecosystems to adapt to environmental changes. It identifies three core attributes of adaptive capacity: diversity, connectivity, and flexibility, and suggests key strategies for each attribute. Careful consideration of a social-ecological system's resilience and vulnerabilities is important to avoid unintended outcomes.
RESTORATION ECOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Vanessa S. Brown, Todd E. Erickson, David J. Merritt, Matthew D. Madsen, Richard J. Hobbs, Alison L. Ritchie
Summary: Seed enhancement technologies (SETs) offer a novel approach to address challenges in restoration projects and have mainly been researched in the agricultural sector; however, other sectors such as restoration and rangeland management are also increasing efforts in SET research. Further refinement is needed for SETs, including identifying ideal additives and concentrations, formulating coatings and extruded pellets, and developing flash flaming, to enhance their efficacy in overcoming various barriers in seed-based restoration.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Vanessa S. Brown, Alison L. Ritchie, Jason C. Stevens, Taylah D. Hanks, Richard J. Hobbs, Todd E. Erickson
Summary: This study aimed to optimize the position of seeds within pellets to improve emergence and survival rates of Jacksonia furcellata. The results showed that seeds positioned at the bottom of pellets without activated carbon (AC) had the highest emergence rate, while seeds in the middle of pellets with AC had lower emergence rate. Further research and testing are needed to refine pellet production for optimal emergence.
RESTORATION ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Bryony J. Palmer, Gabrielle Beca, Todd E. Erickson, Richard J. Hobbs, Leonie E. Valentine
Summary: Australian digging mammals can contribute to seed dispersal by consuming and dispersing viable seeds, highlighting their potential importance in ecosystem restoration efforts. However, there is also a risk of dispersing non-native species that should be considered when planning introductions of these mammals.
Review
Plant Sciences
Alison L. Ritchie, Lauren N. Svejcar, Bronwyn M. Ayre, Julian Bolleter, Aaron Brace, Michael D. Craig, Belinda Davis, Robert A. Davis, Eddie J. B. van Etten, Joseph B. Fontaine, William M. Fowler, Ray H. Froend, Christine Groom, Giles E. S. J. Hardy, Paula Hooper, Anna J. M. Hopkins, Michael Hughes, Siegfried L. Krauss, Matthias Leopold, Ben P. Miller, Russell G. Miller, Cristina E. Ramalho, Katinka X. Ruthrof, Christopher Shaw, Jason C. Stevens, Ryan Tangney, Leonie E. Valentine, Erik J. Veneklaas, Richard J. Hobbs
Summary: The rapid expansion of urban areas worldwide is causing native habitat loss and ecosystem fragmentation, leading to increased interest in the impact of urbanization on biodiversity. This study focuses on the Banksia Woodlands (BWs) ecosystem in Australia, highlighting key scientific advances made in understanding the ecological functions and mechanisms critical to ecosystem management over the past 30 years. Integration of research across disparate ecological disciplines has shown promising results, but there are still knowledge gaps and research priorities that need to be addressed to improve conservation efforts for this Threatened Ecological Community (TEC).
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Gabrielle Beca, Bryony Palmer, Leonie E. Valentine, Todd E. Erickson, Richard J. Hobbs
Summary: The study found that Australian quenda and woylies play an important role in seed dispersal, as they help plants spread viable seeds through excretion. Different plant seeds have varying retention times and germination rates in the scats of these two animals.
AUSTRALIAN MAMMALOGY
(2021)
