Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Alice C. Hughes, Kevin Tougeron, Dominic A. Martin, Filippo Menga, Bruno H. P. Rosado, Sebastian Villasante, Shweta Madgulkar, Fernando Goncalves, Davide Geneletti, Luisa Maria Diele-Viegas, Sebastian Berger, Sheila R. Colla, Vitor de Andrade Kamimura, Holly Caggiano, Felipe Melo, Marcelo Guilherme de Oliveira Dias, Elke Kellner, Edivando Vitor do Couto
Summary: The blame on human population as the main cause of biodiversity loss is not true. The growth of commodities for export, particularly soybean and oil-palm, primarily for livestock feed or biofuel consumption in higher income economies, is the actual driver of habitat loss. Instead of population, reducing unsustainable consumption, tracking supply chains, technological innovation, and ensuring sustainable production are the key measures for biodiversity conservation.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
Economics
Tianbao Qin
Summary: The article introduces a new analytical framework based on the traditional willingness-capacity framework for studying China's implementation of the CBD, utilizing both historical analysis and empirical study methods. Factors such as development philosophy and model, perception of national environmental interest, economic and technological level, and attitude toward global environmental governance jointly determine China's role in implementation and its evolution from follower to major participant to active contributor. This framework may also provide insight into challenges for China's future implementation and be applicable to understanding implementation of other MEAs in China and other developing countries.
INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS-POLITICS LAW AND ECONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Li Li, Mingxiao Yan, Yixuan Hong, Weijia Feng, Dong Xie, Emilio Pagani-Nunez
Summary: The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework proposes a new conservation target of enhancing urban biodiversity. Urban bird diversity hotspots in China are concentrated along the eastern coast, emphasizing the importance of establishing an urban conservation network to promote social awareness of biodiversity.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hu Yue, Chen Ye, Wu Shu-Hong
Summary: The cooperation between the Convention on Biological Diversity and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change has led to various challenges in China, including coordination among implementing organizations, strategic planning for synergistic implementation, monitoring system coordination, and information sharing among partner ministries. Strategies proposed include establishing a national synergistic implementation mechanism, developing a national strategic plan for synergistic implementation, comprehensive monitoring system and management, and an implementation information-sharing platform.
ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Emmanuel O. Akindele, Michael C. Ekwemuka, Paul Apeverga, Tajudeen O. Amusa, Samuel Olajuyigbe, Oluwakayode M. Coker, Fatsuma Olaleru, Michelle Fasona, Elizabeth N. Usen, Abubakar S. Ringim, Opeyemi A. Adedoja, Chinedu C. Nsude, Ama C. Ota, Freeman E. Oluowo, Alex B. Onatunji, Abiodun M. Adedapo, Aghogho Kolawole-Daniels
Summary: The study evaluated the understanding of biodiversity conservation in Nigeria, finding that professionals have a better grasp of the importance of ecosystem services compared to non-professionals. However, there is a general lack of awareness of the NBSAP in Nigeria. Therefore, there is a need to intensify campaigns and promote visits to natural sites, while also employing graduates from biology-related disciplines to educate the public on biodiversity conservation.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiajia Liu, Yunpeng Zhao, Xingfeng Si, Gang Feng, Ferry Silk, Jian Zhang
Summary: University campuses are rich in biodiversity research, focusing mainly on plants and birds, with China and India as research hotspots. These campuses harbor rich biodiversity, including many endemic and endangered species.
URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Maruf, Warwick Gullett
Summary: Anthropogenic underwater noise is a global source of marine pollution that can harm various marine animals. Discussions on this issue have increased in international forums due to scientific investigations revealing the extent of underwater noise and its threat to marine animals. This article examines whether the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and its institutional measures are the most suitable international regulatory framework to address this problem. The article suggests that the provisions of the CBD can be applied to address anthropogenic underwater noise and proposes the revision of the CBD's Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 as an opportunity to strengthen the conservation of marine biodiversity against this threat.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo, David J. Eldridge, Yu-Rong Liu, Blessing Sokoya, Jun-Tao Wang, Hang-Wei Hu, Ji-Zheng He, Felipe Bastida, Jose L. Moreno, Adebola R. Bamigboye, Jose L. Blanco-Pastor, Concha Cano-Diaz, Javier G. Illan, Thulani P. Makhalanyane, Christina Siebe, Pankaj Trivedi, Eli Zaady, Jay Prakash Verma, Ling Wang, Jianyong Wang, Tine Grebenc, Gabriel F. Penaloza-Bojaca, Tina U. Nahberger, Alberto L. Teixido, Xin-Quan Zhou, Miguel Berdugo, Jorge Duran, Alexandra Rodriguez, Xiaobing Zhou, Fernando Alfaro, Sebastian Abades, Cesar Plaza, Ana Rey, Brajesh K. Singh, Leho Tedersoo, Noah Fierer
Summary: The structure and function of soil microbiomes in urban greenspaces are largely uniform worldwide. Urban soils contain a higher proportion of fast-growing microbes and lower levels of ectomycorrhizal fungi compared to natural ecosystems. City affluence, management practices, and climate are key factors influencing urban soil communities.
Article
Biology
Ruth Y. Oliver, Fabiola Iannarilli, Jorge Ahumada, Eric Fegraus, Nicole Flores, Roland Kays, Tanya Birch, Ajay Ranipeta, Matthew S. Rogan, Yanina V. Sica, Walter Jetz
Summary: Growing threats to biodiversity demand timely, detailed information on species occurrence, diversity and abundance at large scales. Camera traps (CTs), combined with computer vision models, provide an efficient method to survey species of certain taxa with high spatio-temporal resolution. Our work shows that the continued collection and mobilization of CT data, especially when combined with data sharing that supports attribution and privacy, has the potential to offer a critical lens into biodiversity.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
R. Edward Grumbine, Jianchu Xu
Summary: Accelerating declines in biodiversity and unmet targets in the Convention on Biological Diversity's Strategic Plan have sparked calls for transformative change. This change will alter the nature of work under the CBD, requiring steps such as drawing lessons from transition research, planning for climate change, reframing area-based conservation, mainstreaming biodiversity, and increasing resources to accommodate a broader range of participants.
Article
Ecology
Morrison Rachel, Bullock Craig, Lynn Deirdre
Summary: The introduction of National Biodiversity Expenditure Reviews (NBERs) provides a new way to monitor finance for biodiversity conservation, driving efforts to track conservation funding. However, NBERs also present methodological challenges, and their value remains untested.
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lin Zhang, Jason Rohr, Ruina Cui, Yusi Xin, Lixia Han, Xiaona Yang, Shimin Gu, Yuanbao Du, Jing Liang, Xuyu Wang, Zhengjun Wu, Qin Hao, Xuan Liu
Summary: Outbreaks of zoonotic diseases are accelerating due to globalization, with alien species introductions playing a significant role. This study finds a positive correlation between the number of zoonosis events and the richness of alien zoonotic hosts worldwide, as well as associations with climate change, land-use change, biodiversity loss, human population density, and PubMed citations.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Economics
Linda Mederake, Barbara Saerbeck, Alexandra Goritz, Helge Joergens, Mareike Well, Nina Kolleck
Summary: This article investigates the interplay between international bureaucracies and civil society organizations, as well as how they strengthen their reputation through building relationships with stakeholders and providing information. The study, using a mixed-methods design, found that secretariats maintain relationships with a wide range of state and non-state actors to enhance their reputation, while different types of actors receive different types of information.
INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL AGREEMENTS-POLITICS LAW AND ECONOMICS
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Amber Himes-Cornell, Juan Francisco Lechuga Sanchez, Caroline Potter, Clayton McKean, Jake Rice, Kim J. Friedman, Serge M. Garcia, Dave L. Fluharty
Summary: In 2010, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) set a target to conserve 10% of the ocean through marine protected areas (MPAs) and other effective area-based conservation measures (OECMs). However, only a few OECMs have been reported as of early 2022. Clear guidance on the scope and limits of these measures is needed to assist countries in achieving the CBD's Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework. This review evaluates how area-based fisheries management measures align with the criteria for OECMs and contribute to biodiversity conservation goals.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
J. Judson Wynne, Francis G. Howarth, Stefano Mammola, Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira, Pedro Cardoso, Tiziana Di Lorenzo, Diana M. P. Galassi, Rodrigo A. Medellin, Bruce W. Miller, David Sanchez-Fernandez, Maria Elina Bichuette, Jayant Biswas, Cory W. BlackEagle, Chaichat Boonyanusith, Isabel R. Amorim, Paulo Alexandre Vieira Borges, Penelope J. Boston, Reynold N. Cal, Naowarat Cheeptham, Louis Deharveng, David Eme, Arnaud Faille, Dante Fenolio, Cene Fiser, Ziga Fiser, Samuel M. Ohukaniohia Gon, Forough Goudarzi, Christian Griebler, Stuart Halse, Hannelore Hoch, Enock Kale, Aron D. Katz, Lubomir Kovac, Thomas M. Lilley, Shirish Manchi, Raoul Manenti, Alejandro Martinez, Melissa B. Meierhofer, Ana Z. Miller, Oana Teodora Moldovan, Matthew L. Niemiller, Stewart B. Peck, Thais Giovannini Pellegrini, Tanja Pipan, Charity M. Phillips-Lander, Celso Poot, Paul A. Racey, Alberto Sendra, William A. Shear, Marconi Souza Silva, Stefano Taiti, Mingyi Tian, Michael P. Venarsky, Sebastian Yancovic Pakarati, Maja Zagmajster, Yahui Zhao
Summary: The upcoming COP15 of CBD in Kunming, China will focus on incorporating the subterranean biome into conservation efforts, aiming to improve the ecological effectiveness of protected areas by including groundwater resources and endemic subsurface biodiversity. A conservation roadmap encompassing five conceptual areas, including science gaps, anthropogenic stressors, socioeconomic analysis, environmental education, and national policies, has been proposed for this purpose.
CONSERVATION LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ma Angels Colomer, Antoni Margalida, Francesc Alos, Pilar Oliva-Vidal, Anna Vilella, Lorenzo Fraile
Summary: The study found that combining vaccination with social control measures can effectively reduce the spread and mortality rate of COVID-19 at the population level. After vaccinating 40% of the population, even without social control measures, the transmission and mortality rates of the disease can be significantly reduced.
Article
Microbiology
Miguel Blanco-Fuertes, Florencia Correa-Fiz, Lorenzo Fraile, Marina Sibila, Virginia Aragon
Summary: This study highlights the role of nasal microbiota in subsequent systemic infection by Mycoplasma hyorhinis and the differences between this infection and Glasser's disease. Animals from disease farms had lower diversity in their nasal microbiota compared to healthy farms, but the composition was different between the two diseases, indicating divergent microbiota imbalances may predispose animals to different systemic infections.
Review
Virology
Sergio Montaner-Tarbes, Lorenzo Fraile, Maria Montoya, Hernando Del Portillo
Summary: EVs, as lipid bilayer nanovesicles, have shown potential as an important source for vaccines in different animal health areas, opening opportunities for new strategies to overcome issues related to animal health, food security, and emerging diseases.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Victoria Garrido, Lourdes Migura-Garcia, Ines Gaitan, Ainhoa Arrieta-Gisasola, Ilargi Martinez-Ballesteros, Lorenzo Fraile, Maria Jesus Grillo
Summary: The presence of Salmonella in free-range pigs is found to be directly related to the accessible natural vegetation, affecting the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Clear differences were observed in the gut microbiota between Salmonella-positive and Salmonella-negative populations.
Review
Plant Sciences
Tommaso Sitzia, Helmut Kudrnovsky, Norbert Mueller, Bruno Michielon
Summary: Myricaria germanica, a pioneer shrub species native to the Eurasian temperate zone, has experienced a dramatic decline in Europe over the past 150 years due to human alterations of rivers. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge on the taxonomy, morphology, genetics, distribution, habitat, life cycle, uses, conservation, and management of this riparian species.
PERSPECTIVES IN PLANT ECOLOGY EVOLUTION AND SYSTEMATICS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anna Vilaro, Elena Novell, Vicens Enrique-Tarancon, Jordi Balielles, Lourdes Migura-Garcia, Lorenzo Fraile
Summary: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing is important for antimicrobial stewardship, but limited resources often restrict the number of drugs that can be tested for each antimicrobial family. This study examined the minimal inhibitory concentration for various bacterial strains collected in Spain, and found that there were generally no significant associations between MIC patterns for different antimicrobial families. However, some drug-bug combinations showed high correlation, indicating that MIC values from one representative drug could be indicative of the whole antimicrobial family.
Article
Microbiology
Judith Guitart-Matas, Narjol Gonzalez-Escalona, Meghan Maguire, Anna Vilaro, Jaime Martinez-Urtaza, Lorenzo Fraile, Lourdes Migura-Garcia
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the genetic variability within Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) serotypes and enhances the understanding of transmission and epidemiological patterns. The correlation between resistance and toxin profiles with the presence of specific genetic elements and serotypes is also determined.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ramon Armengol, Lorenzo Fraile, Alex Bach
Summary: This study aimed to determine the most suitable parameters for the first visit approach in dairy farms. The online survey results showed that most consultants considered the analyzed parameters to be highly important during the initial visit. They focused on heat detection, fertility, and pregnancy rates. Additionally, the farm size and years of experience influenced the type and number of parameters chosen as key performance indicators (KPIs).
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ute Jandt, Helge Bruelheide, Florian Jansen, Aletta Bonn, Volker Grescho, Reinhard A. Klenke, Francesco Maria Sabatini, Markus Bernhardt-Roemermann, Volker Blueml, Jurgen Dengler, Martin Diekmann, Inken Doerfler, Ute Doering, Stefan Dullinger, Sylvia Haider, Thilo Heinken, Peter Horchler, Gisbert Kuhn, Martin Lindner, Katrin Metze, Norbert Mueller, Tobias Naaf, Cord Peppler-Lisbach, Peter Poschlod, Christiane Roscher, Gert Rosenthal, Sabine B. Rumpf, Wolfgang Schmidt, Joachim Schrautzer, Angelika Schwabe, Peter Schwartze, Thomas Sperle, Nils Stanik, Christian Storm, Winfried Voigt, Uwe Wegener, Karsten Wesche, Burghard Wittig, Monika Wulf
Summary: Long-term analyses suggest substantial turnover of species in biological communities over the past century, while changes in species richness remain marginal. Decrements in species cover are more common than increments, leading to potential losses of species at both local and regional scales.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ute Jandt, Helge Bruelheide, Christian Berg, Markus Bernhardt-Romermann, Volker Bluml, Frank Bode, Juergen Dengler, Martin Diekmann, Hartmut Dierschke, Inken Doerfler, Ute Doring, Stefan Dullinger, Werner Hardtle, Sylvia Haider, Thilo Heinken, Peter Horchler, Florian Jansen, Thomas Kudernatsch, Gisbert Kuhn, Martin Lindner, Silvia Matesanz, Katrin Metze, Stefan Meyer, Frank Muller, Norbert Muller, Tobias Naaf, Cord Peppler-Lisbach, Peter Poschlod, Christiane Roscher, Gert Rosenthal, Sabine B. Rumpf, Wolfgang Schmidt, Joachim Schrautzer, Angelika Schwabe, Peter Schwartze, Thomas Sperle, Nils Stanik, Hans-Georg Stroh, Christian Storm, Winfried Voigt, Andreas von Hessberg, Goddert von Oheimb, Eva-Rosa Wagner, Uwe Wegener, Karsten Wesche, Burghard Wittig, Monika Wulf
Summary: This article presents vegetation-plot resurvey data from Germany spanning almost 100 years, providing detailed information on spatial, temporal, and species distribution aspects. The data are crucial for understanding the mechanisms and drivers behind plant diversity change over the past century.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Andrea Puig, Miguel Ruiz, Marta Bassols, Lorenzo Fraile, Ramon Armengol
Summary: This review summarizes the latest technologies for early diagnosis of bovine respiratory disease, focusing on continuous learning and monitoring of cattle's behavior. Traditional methods of observing clinical signs and behavior can be subjective and time-consuming, thus advanced technologies offer the potential for more accurate and earlier diagnosis. These technologies allow for remote and objective assessment of animal behavior, leading to improved sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing bovine respiratory disease. The use of big data and machine learning may further enhance the diagnosis, and the integration of metabolomics as disease markers is also being explored.
Review
Virology
Miguel Ruiz, Andrea Puig, Marta Bassols, Lorenzo Fraile, Ramon Armengol
Summary: This article summarizes the current research on the role, transmission, and clinical significance of IDV in BRD.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Anna Vilaro, Elena Novell, Vicens Enrique-Tarancon, Jordi Baliellas, Lourdes Migura-Garcia, Lorenzo Fraile
Summary: Monitoring the antimicrobial susceptibility trends of Spanish porcine bacteria to quinolones, cephalosporins, and polymyxins showed that the overall antimicrobial susceptibility remained stable or increased in the last four years in Spain. Significant temporal trends were observed for specific bacteria and antimicrobials, indicating increased susceptibility over time.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Houda Laghouaouta, Lorenzo Fraile, Rafael Suarez-Mesa, Roger Ros-Freixedes, Joan Estany, Ramona Natacha Pena
Summary: This study provides new insights into the genetic make-up of resilience in growing pigs by identifying genomic regions and candidate genes associated with resilience indicators. The findings suggest that there are novel genomic regions associated with two resilience indicators (increment BW and increment HP) in pigs, which harbour potential candidate genes involved in immune response and growth pathways, highlighting the strong relationship between resilience and immune response.
GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. M. Bello Dronda, L. Fraile
Summary: Studying resistance in animals, conducting research to reduce antimicrobial use, and obtaining practical knowledge and conclusions were the main focus. Nasotracheal lavages were found to be an effective sampling method under monitoring conditions, with an increasing trend of pathogen susceptibility to most antibiotics and valuable information provided by susceptibility maps.
