Journal
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
Volume 89, Issue 1, Pages 7-14Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2008.114
Keywords
phosphate homeostasis; vitamin D; parathyroid hormone; phosphatonins; minhibins
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Funding
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R37 DK033209] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [R37DK033209] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Under physiological conditions, homeostasis of inorganic phosphate (Pi) is tightly controlled by a network of increasingly more complex interactions and direct or indirect feedback loops among classical players, such as vitamin D ( 1,25(OH) 2D3), parathyroid hormone (PTH), intestinal and renal phosphate transporters, and the recently described phosphatonins and minhibins. A series of checks and balances offsets the effects of 1,25(OH) 2D3 and PTH to enable fine-tuning of intestinal and renal Pi absorptive capacity and bone resorption and mineralization. The latter include PHEX, FGF-23, MEPE, DMP1, and secreted FRP4. Despite this large number of regulatory components with complex interactions, the system has limited redundancy and is prone to dysregulation under pathophysiological conditions. This article reviews and synthesizes recent advances to present a new model of Pi homeostasis.
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