Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mickey Finn, Jeremy Treiber, Mahmoud Issa, Christian J. Martens, Colin P. Feeney, Lehna Ngwa, Charles Dhong, Darren J. Lipomi
Summary: Polymeric arrays of microrelief structures have potential applications in influencing wettability, as biologically inspired adhesives, resisting biofouling, and affecting tactile interaction. The research investigates the damage to micropillar arrays caused by sliding a silicone cast of a human finger, concluding that parameters like aspect ratio, diameter, spacing, and modulus play important roles in survivability and damage types. The study also developed a model to describe the bending of micropillars, indicating the forces they experience during contact.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Bo Zhang, Yi Xia, Shuai Zhang, Yin Xu, Yue Dong, Pingping Yu, Yi Ni, Qufu Wei, Lanlan Guo, Jing Wang
Summary: The oriented design and controllable preparation of sensing materials are crucial for achieving desired gas-sensing properties and validating the sensing mechanism. This study successfully inhibited the radial growth of ZnO crystals by utilizing the spatial effect derived from micelle assemblies formed by surfactant molecules under specific conditions, resulting in the formation of ZnO nanowires with a larger aspect ratio. Moreover, the use of anionic surfactants with longer carbon chains enhanced the spatial effect and further suppressed radial growth, leading to even higher aspect ratios. The characterization methods confirmed the in situ doping/functionalization of surfactant molecules into ZnO crystals, providing evidence for the analysis of the product formation mechanism and serving as active sites for light-enhanced sensing. The surfactant-induced ZnO samples exhibited increased response towards NO2 with increasing aspect ratio in gas-sensing tests, particularly C16-ZnO showed a significantly improved response under UV irradiation.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Neda F. Nazari, Marjan Rajabi, Alireza Z. Moshfegh
Summary: ZnO nanorods (NRs) with improved aspect ratios were synthesized by tuning the synthesis parameters. The effects of these parameters on the morphology, crystal structure, and performance of ZnO NRs were examined and demonstrated through experimental analysis.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Keynaz Kamranikia, Sebastien Dominici, Marc Keller, Niklas Kube, Karine Mougin, Arnaud Spangenberg
Summary: Polymeric micropillars with a high-aspect-ratio (HAR) were successfully fabricated using two-photon polymerization (TPP) technique, and the challenges of shrinkage and collapse were overcome by optimizing the fabrication parameters.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Simo Wang, Jiangyong Zhang, Peng Tian, Fan Yang, Siyang Yu, Jian Wang, Wei Yan, Fanxing Li
Summary: This paper proposes a laser superdiffraction optical needle direct writing lithography method for single-exposure fabrication of high-aspect-ratio microstructures (HARMs). The principles of 3/4 circular image focusing and lithography exposure are theoretically analyzed, and the experimental setup is built. Using this method, high fabrication efficiency, super diffraction resolution, and high-aspect ratio HARMs can be achieved.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yan Chen, Xu Feng, Gongming Xin
Summary: The use of ultrasonic vibration in micro-wire electrochemical discharge machining (WECDM) for glass microstructures has shown significant improvements in reducing gas film thickness, enhancing machining stability, and improving machining quality. Adding suitable ultrasonic amplitude has been proven to be effective in achieving these goals.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
A-k Meinshausen, M. Herbster, C. Zwahr, M. Soldera, A. Mueller, T. Halle, A. F. Lasagni, J. Bertrand
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of reducing Staphylococcus aureus adhesion on implant materials by modifying surface structures, highlighting the importance of applying specific structures to prevent implant colonization with pathogen bacteria.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Wei-Hsin Chein, Fu-Sheng Yang, Zi-Ying Fu, Liang-Chia Chen
Summary: This article presents an innovative model-based scatterometry method for CD metrology of single high-aspect-ratio (HAR) microstructures. The proposed system achieves high-precision single-structure measurement of fine-pitch HAR structures with significantly improved light efficiency. Experimental results demonstrate accurate measurement of RDL structures with fine nominal spacing as small as 1 μm and an aspect ratio of 3:1.
SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY-METROLOGY AND PROPERTIES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Durgesh Nadkarni, Jamie Lee, Qingping Jiang, Vimalkumar Patel, Verl Sriskanda, Kaushik Dutta, Debra M. Meyer
Summary: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are designed to target cancer cells specifically with cytotoxic drugs while minimizing systemic toxicity. The study found that the hydrophobicity of payloads and overall drug loading levels impact the in vitro target binding and cytotoxicity of ADC species.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dongya Li, Haodong Hong, Xinhu Sun, Yang Zhang, Yu Liu
Summary: Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing is an effective method for high-resolution two-dimensional patterning. The latest research focuses on 3D structure fabrication of various materials. Traditional EHD 3D printing of polymers faces challenges in filament deposition and stacking accuracy. This study develops an external field-assisted EHD printing process for polymer materials, achieving high aspect ratios for micro-scale 3D structures.
JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Carmen Rizzuto, Riccardo C. Barberi, Marco Castriota
Summary: This paper presents an electrochromic device for energy saving applications, using an electrochromic solution made from ethyl viologen diperchlorate, 1,1'-diethyl ferrocene, and propylene carbonate. The device exhibits reversible electrochromic behavior and high transmittance variations in both the visible and near-infrared regions. This electrochromic device shows great potential for energy-saving applications in buildings.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zi-Meng Wang, Yun-Fei Jia, Kai -Shang Li, Yong Zhang, Jia-Dong Cai, Xian-Cheng Zhang, Hiroyuki Hirakata, Shan -Tung Tu
Summary: To overcome the trade-off between strength and ductility in metallic materials, a gradient lamellar structure was fabricated in pure Ni using an ultrasound-aided deep rolling technique. Micro-tensile tests and microscopic characterization were conducted to understand the mechanical properties and effects of the microstructure. The study found that samples with small lamellar thickness and large aspect ratio exhibited excellent strength and ductility.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Bo Zhou, Bo Su, Wurui Ta, Zenghui Yang, Junhu Meng
Summary: This paper presents a simple method for fabricating high-aspect-ratio PDMS microstructures by reducing interfacial adhesion through the cooling process. The effect of cooling on the topography, elastic property, and adhesion property of PDMS is studied, showing that air-cooled PDMS has lower adhesion compared to traditional oven-cooled PDMS. Application of this method successfully yielded PDMS microchannels with a depth of 200μm and an aspect ratio of 10.
JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Zhe Liu, Xuhua Zhang, Shumin Zhang, Hao Qi, Yiwen Hou, Min Gao, Jiaxuan Wang, Aining Zhang, Yiping Chen, Yongjun Liu
Summary: Adding polymeric ferric sulfate, aluminum sulfate, and diatomite can enhance aerobic granulation and improve wastewater treatment efficiency under low organic loading conditions. These carriers also increase the production of extracellular polymeric substances and influence the composition of microbial communities.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael J. Haslinger, Oliver S. Maier, Markus Pribyl, Philipp Taus, Sonja Kopp, Heinz D. Wanzenboeck, Kurt Hingerl, Michael M. Muehlberger, Elena Guillen
Summary: Structural anti-reflective coating and bactericidal surfaces, as well as many other effects, rely on high-aspect-ratio (HAR) micro- and nanostructures, and thus, are of great interest for a wide range of applications. In this research, we developed a UV-based nanoimprint lithography process to master and replicate high-aspect-ratio nanopillars, achieving the smallest possible diameters for dense and isolated arrangements. The stability of the imprinted nanopillars was significantly improved by coating them with a 20 nm gold layer and an additional 20 nm thick layer of SiN. The UV-NIL replication of high-aspect-ratio nanopillars with tip diameters down to 35 nm was demonstrated for the first time, making them suitable for various applications.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Nicholas E. Ingraham, Victor Vakayil, Kathryn M. Pendleton, Alexandria J. Robbins, Rebecca L. Freese, Elise F. Palzer, Anthony Charles, R. Adams Dudley, Christopher J. Tignanelli
Summary: The study found that ICU mortality rate remained unchanged over the years, but there were changes in disease burden and outcomes. Certain disease groups such as toxicology and hematologic/oncologic cases increased, while others like gastrointestinal and pulmonary cases decreased. Overall risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality rate did not change, but the length of stay in the ICU decreased over the study period.
JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Rachel S. Morris, Juan F. Figueroa, Courtney J. Pokrzywa, Jason K. Barber, Nancy R. Temkin, Carisa Bergner, Basil S. Karam, Patrick Murphy, Lindsay D. Nelson, Purushottam Laud, Zara Cooper, Marc de Moya, Colleen Trevino, Christopher J. Tignanelli, Terri A. deRoon-Cassini
Summary: This study aimed to develop a model for predicting the quality of life in hospitalized adults with Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). By analyzing the dataset, researchers found that private insurance, higher Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, and fewer comorbidities were associated with better quality of life. They developed a model (TBI-PRO) for predicting the quality of life scores at different time points and concluded that the model adequately estimates long-term outcomes in patients with TBI.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Nermine Abdelwahab, Nicholas E. Ingraham, Nguyen Nguyen, Lianne Siegel, Greg Silverman, Himanshu Shekhar Sahoo, Serguei Pakhomov, Leslie R. Morse, Joanne Billings, Michael G. Usher, Tanya E. Melnik, Christopher J. Tignanelli, Farha Ikramuddin
Summary: This study examined the frequency of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) and factors associated with rehabilitation utilization. The results showed that patients with PASC had higher utilization of rehabilitation services and factors such as younger age, comorbidities, and male sex were significantly associated with rehabilitation utilization.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael A. Puskarich, Nicholas E. Ingraham, Lisa H. Merck, Brian E. Driver, David A. Wacker, Lauren Page Black, Alan E. Jones, Courtney Fletcher, Andrew M. South, Thomas A. Murray, Christopher Lewandowski, Joseph Farhat, Justin L. Benoit, Michelle H. Biros, Kartik Cherabuddi, Jeffrey G. Chipman, Timothy W. Schacker, Faheem W. Guirgis, Helen T. Voelker, Joseph S. Koopmeiners, Christopher J. Tignanelli
Summary: This study found that oral administration of losartan did not improve the PaO2:FiO(2) ratio at 7 days in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and acute lung injury. The use of losartan also did not improve secondary clinical outcomes and resulted in fewer vasopressor-free days compared to placebo.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zachary R. Bergman, Michael Usher, Andrew Olson, Jeffrey G. Chipman, Melissa E. Brunsvold, Greg Beilman, Christopher Tignanelli, Elizabeth R. Lusczek
Summary: This study analyzed the relationship between treatment at COVID-19-dedicated hospitals and mortality rate and complications. The results showed that patients treated at COVID-19-dedicated hospitals had lower in-hospital mortality and lower rate of complications.
Editorial Material
Surgery
Emma K. Jones, Christopher J. Tignanelli
Article
Immunology
David R. Boulware, Thomas A. Murray, Jennifer L. Proper, Christopher J. Tignanelli, John B. Buse, David M. Liebovitz, Jacinda M. Nicklas, Kenneth Cohen, Michael A. Puskarich, Hrishikesh K. Belani, Lianne K. Siegel, Nichole R. Klatt, David J. Odde, Amy B. Karger, Nicholas E. Ingraham, Katrina M. Hartman, Via Rao, Aubrey A. Hagen, Barkha Patel, Sarah L. Fenno, Nandini Avula, Neha Reddy, Spencer M. Erickson, Sarah Lindberg, Regina Fricton, Samuel Lee, Adnin Zaman, Hanna G. Saveraid, Walker J. Tordsen, Matthew F. Pullen, Nancy E. Sherwood, Jared D. Huling, Carolyn T. Bramante
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-boosted participants experienced the least severe symptoms during COVID-19, and their symptoms improved the fastest over time. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 was found to be associated with reduced symptom severity in a sample of low to moderate risk adults enrolled in an outpatient COVID-19 treatment trial. Booster shots further reduced symptom severity.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Surgery
Thomas F. Byrd, Jason Ho, Christopher J. Tignanelli
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mengjia Hu, Virginia Brown, Joshua M. Jackson, Harshani Wijerathne, Harsh Pathak, Devin C. Koestler, Emily Nissen, Mateusz L. Hupert, Rolf Muller, Andrew K. Godwin, Malgorzata A. Witek, Steven A. Soper
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have the potential to be used as a minimally invasive liquid biopsy marker for precision medicine, as they carry RNA cargo associated with the cell-of-origin. Researchers have developed an EV microfluidic affinity purification (EV-MAP) chip, made from plastic for high-scale production, which can isolate EV subpopulations. They demonstrated the utility of this chip in molecular subtyping breast cancer patients, isolating two subpopulations of EVs that better recapitulate the tumor microenvironment. The EV-MAP provided high recovery and specificity based on exosomal mRNA and PCR results, and the EV subpopulations showed potential for prognostication using the PAM50 test.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Carolyn T. Bramante, John B. Buse, David M. Liebovitz, Jacinda M. Nicklas, Michael A. Puskarich, Ken Cohen, Hrishikesh K. Belani, Blake J. Anderson, Jared D. Huling, Christopher J. Tignanelli, Jennifer L. Thompson, Matthew Pullen, Esteban Lemus Wirtz, Lianne K. Siegel, Jennifer L. Proper, David J. Odde, Nichole R. Klatt, Nancy E. Sherwood, Sarah M. Lindberg, Amy B. Karger, Kenneth B. Beckman, Spencer M. Erickson, Sarah L. Fenno, Katrina M. Hartman, Michael R. Rose, Tanvi Mehta, Barkha Patel, Gwendolyn Griffiths, Neeta S. Bhat, Thomas A. Murray
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of outpatient COVID-19 treatment with metformin, ivermectin, or fluvoxamine to reduce the risk of long COVID. The findings showed that metformin treatment was associated with a 41% reduction in the incidence of long COVID compared to placebo, while ivermectin and fluvoxamine did not have the same effect.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaifeng Yang, Zhiyu Kang, Weihua Guan, Sahar Lotfi-Emran, Zachary J. Mayer, Candace R. Guerrero, Brian T. Steffen, Michael A. Puskarich, Christopher J. Tignanelli, Elizabeth Lusczek, Sandra E. Safo
Summary: Metabolic disease is a significant risk factor for severe COVID-19 infection. This study aimed to characterize metabolic features that predict severe COVID-19 and define a novel baseline metabolomic signature. The results showed that metabolites related to lipid metabolism efficiently discriminated between mild and moderate/severe disease, and pathways related to amino acids were significantly enriched in severe disease. The mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 (MAP2K5) regulator was differentially activated between groups, suggesting further investigation as a potential therapeutic pathway.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
C. T. Bramante, J. D. Huling, C. J. Tignanelli, J. B. Buse, D. M. Liebovitz, J. M. Nicklas, K. Cohen, M. A. Puskarich, H. K. Belani, J. L. Proper, L. K. Siegel, N. R. Klatt, D. J. Odde, D. G. Luke, B. Anderson, A. B. Karger, N. E. Ingraham, K. M. Hartman, V Rao, A. A. Hagen, B. Patel, S. L. Fenno, N. Avula, N. Reddy, S. M. Erickson, S. Lindberg, R. Fricton, S. Lee, A. Zaman, H. G. Saveraid, W. J. Tordsen, M. F. Pullen, M. Biros, N. E. Sherwood, J. L. Thompson, D. R. Boulware, T. A. Murray
Summary: This study evaluates the effectiveness of metformin, ivermectin, and fluvoxamine in preventing severe Covid-19. The results show that none of these drugs can prevent hypoxemia, emergency department visits, hospitalization, or death associated with Covid-19.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Tyler J. Loftus, Matthew M. Ruppert, Benjamin Shickel, Tezcan Ozrazgat-Baslanti, Jeremy A. Balch, Philip A. Efron, Gilbert R. Upchurch, Parisa Rashidi, Christopher Tignanelli, Jiang Bian, Azra Bihorac
Summary: In healthcare AI applications, maintaining generalizability, external validity, and reproducibility is crucial. Traditional approaches of sharing patient data can compromise data privacy and security. Federated learning techniques offer an alternative by sharing knowledge instead of data, preserving both data privacy and availability.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Ju Sun, Le Peng, Taihui Li, Dyah Adila, Zach Zaiman, Genevieve B. Melton-Meaux, Nicholas E. Ingraham, Eric Murray, Daniel Boley, Sean Switzer, John L. Burns, Kun Huang, Tadashi Allen, Scott D. Steenburg, Judy Wawira Gichoya, Erich Kummerfeld, Christopher J. Tignanelli
Summary: A prospective observational study was conducted across 12 U.S. hospitals to evaluate the real-time performance of an interpretable AI model in detecting COVID-19 on chest radiographs. The study found that the accuracy of the model still has room for improvement compared to radiologist predictions.
RADIOLOGY-ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
C. T. Bramante, J. D. Huling, C. J. Tignanelli, J. B. Buse, D. M. Liebovitz, J. M. Nicklas, K. Cohen, M. A. Puskarich, H. K. Belani, J. L. Proper, L. K. Siegel, N. R. Klatt, D. J. Odde, D. G. Luke, B. Anderson, A. B. Karger, N. E. Ingraham, K. M. Hartman, V Rao, A. A. Hagen, B. Patel, S. L. Fenno, N. Avula, N. Reddy, S. M. Erickson, S. Lindberg, R. Fricton, S. Lee, A. Zaman, H. G. Saveraid, W. J. Tordsen, M. F. Pullen, M. Biros, N. E. Sherwood, J. L. Thompson, D. R. Boulware, T. A. Murray
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of three repurposed drugs in preventing severe SARS-CoV-2 infection in nonhospitalized adults, but none of these medications were found to prevent hypoxemia, emergency department visits, hospitalization or death associated with Covid-19.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)