Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Muhammad Asaduddin, Hong Gee Roh, Hyun Jeong Kim, Eung Yeop Kim, Sung-Hong Park
Summary: This study successfully extracted perfusion maps using deep learning methods from a single dose of contrast agent. Testing showed that U-net with multiple decoders and enhanced encoders performed the best, demonstrating strong agreement between the generated perfusion maps and the ground truth.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
J. M. Batail, I. Corouge, B. Combes, C. Conan, M. Guillery-Sollier, M. Verin, P. Sauleau, F. Le Jeune, J. Y. Gauvrit, G. Robert, C. Barillot, J. C. Ferre, D. Drapier
Summary: This study investigated the neurovascular mechanisms underlying apathy in depression using neuroimaging techniques. The results showed a negative correlation between cerebral blood flow in the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the severity of apathy, highlighting the significance of this region in depressed individuals.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Haodong Li, Guanzhong Gong, Lizhen Wang, Ya Su, Jie Lu, Yong Yin
Summary: By studying the uses of ASL and DCE-MRI in the pathological and clinical staging of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), it was found that combining Ktrans and BF measures can help identify the clinical stages in NPC patients.
BMC MEDICAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Felipe Camelo, Kyung K. Peck, Atin Saha, Julio Arevalo-Perez, John K. Lyo, Jamie Tisnado, Eric Lis, Sasan Karimi, Andrei I. Holodny
Summary: Radiologists use dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI to study cancer in the vertebral bones. However, the current method does not account for the delayed contrast uptake in spinal cancers, leading to misdiagnosis. Researchers shifted the contrast curve and recalculated the contrast enhancement values, resulting in more accurate detection of cancer in the vertebral bones.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Thomas W. Okell, Mark Chiew
Summary: The purpose of this study was to extend and optimize a non-contrast MRI technique to obtain whole head 4D qualitative angiograms and perfusion images from a single scan. The optimized VFA schedule and LLR reconstruction significantly improved image quality and repeatability.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Anna Lavrova, Wouter H. T. Teunissen, Esther A. H. Warnert, Martin van den Bent, Marion Smits
Summary: This study compared the performance of ASL and DSC in the surveillance of primary and metastatic brain tumors. The results showed that ASL and DSC have similar diagnostic accuracy. The findings suggest that ASL can be used as an alternative to DSC for measuring perfusion in enhancing and non-enhancing gliomas and brain metastasis at 3T. Further research is needed to investigate its efficacy in lymphoma in a larger population.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Stig P. Cramer, Henrik B. W. Larsson, Maria H. Knudsen, Helle J. Simonsen, Mark B. Vestergaard, Ulrich Lindberg
Summary: This study investigates the reproducibility of DCE-MRI in healthy controls and evaluates the impact of arterial input function selection and manual region of interests delineation versus automated global segmentation. The results show excellent reproducibility of pharmacokinetic variables derived from DCE-MRI in healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yaoming Qu, Dexia Kong, Haitao Wen, Xiaochan Ou, Qihong Rui, Xianlong Wang, Doris D. Lin, Qin Qin, Zhibo Wen
Summary: The performance of velocity-selective (VS) ASL was evaluated in patients with untreated gliomas, compared with both pseudo-continuous (PC) ASL and dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging (DSC-PWI). VSASL showed comparable results with DSC-PWI in visual inspection and yielded higher correlation with DSC-PWI in quantitative analysis compared to PCASL. VSASL also showed superior diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in glioma grading compared to PCASL.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Osamu Togao, Makoto Obara, Koji Yamashita, Kazufumi Kikuchi, Koichi Arimura, Ataru Nishimura, Akira Nakamizo, Tatsuhiro Wada, Chiaki Tokunaga, Ryoji Mikayama, Yasuo Yamashita, Hiroshi Hamano, Marc Van Cauteren, Kousei Ishigami, Shingo Baba
Summary: This study investigated the usefulness of dynamic PCASL with optimized background suppression for assessing cerebral perfusion in patients with moyamoya disease. The results showed a significant correlation between the CBF measured by dynamic PCASL and SPECT. Additionally, there was a correlation between the ATT measured by dynamic PCASL and the CVR measured by SPECT. Therefore, dynamic PCASL can be used for evaluating cerebral perfusion in moyamoya disease.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rifat Ozpar, Yasemin Dinc, Omer Fatih Nas, Mehmet Fatih Inecikli, Mufit Parlak, Bahattin Hakyemez
Summary: This study investigated the possible relationships between the presence and location of arterial transit artifacts (ATA) and clinical symptoms, DSA, and DSC perfusion imaging abnormalities in patients with carotid artery stenosis (CAS). The results showed that the presence and localization of ATA in CAS patients were related to cerebral hemodynamics and the severity of CAS. ATA observed in the distal MCA trace may represent early-stage perfusion abnormalities and a moderate level of stenosis, while ATA in the ICA trace may be associated with more advanced perfusion abnormalities, critical stenosis rates, and the presence of symptoms or collateralization.
JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Manuel Taso, Veronica Aramendia-Vidaurreta, Erin K. K. Englund, Susan Francis, Suzanne Franklin, Ananth J. J. Madhuranthakam, Petros Martirosian, Krishna S. S. Nayak, Qin Qin, Xingfeng Shao, David L. L. Thomas, Zungho Zun, Maria A. A. Fernandez-Seara
Summary: This review article provides an overview of the developments and challenges in arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion imaging in the body outside of the brain. Specific challenges and developments in various body locations, including kidneys, lungs, heart, placenta, eye, liver, pancreas, and muscle, are discussed. The article also explores the possibilities of wider adoption of body ASL in clinical practice based on standardization efforts and recent advances in high/low-field systems and machine-learning.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Chih-Hsien Tseng, Jaap Jaspers, Alejandra Mendez Romero, Piotr Wielopolski, Marion Smits, Matthias J. P. van Osch, Frans Vos
Summary: The arterial input function (AIF) is crucial for estimating perfusion properties from dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) MRI. Measuring the AIF in absolute contrast-agent concentrations is challenging, but deriving the AIF from separately acquired dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI data is a potential solution. This study compared the AIFs derived from DCE and DSC MRI data and found that the DCE-based AIFs provided more stable and realistic measurements of perfusion coefficients.
NMR IN BIOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Hongtao Zhang, Mingming Lu, Shitong Liu, Dongqing Liu, Xuxuan Shen, Fugeng Sheng, Cong Han, Jianming Cai
Summary: The clinical feasibility and accuracy of 3D pCASL in comparison with DSC perfusion imaging were assessed in moyamoya disease (MMD) patients. The results demonstrated that 3D pCASL can effectively evaluate cerebral blood perfusion in MMD patients before and after revascularization, showing good consistency with DSC-MRI.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Abir Troudi, Fatima Tensaouti, Eloise Baudou, Patrice Peran, Anne Laprie
Summary: This article introduces the magnetic resonance imaging techniques for pediatric brain tumors, especially the ASL MRI technique in evaluating treatment response and neurocognitive sequelae. ASL is a noninvasive technique for measuring cerebral blood flow, but it has some drawbacks and technical requirements.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ganesan Gopinath, Malik Aslam, Palaniswamy Anusha
Summary: This study compared the diagnostic accuracy of ASL and DSC perfusion imaging techniques in acute ischemic stroke. The results showed that ASL has the potential to replace DSC imaging and become the preferred imaging method for stroke.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Erich S. Tusch, Lene Ryom, Olga Fursa, Lars Peters, Lars Ostergaard, Eric Florence, Simon Edwards, Christian Hoffmann, Helen Sambatakou, Peter Reiss, Eduardo Shahar, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Brigitte Schmied, Dzmitry Paduta, Alexei Yakovlev, Janos Szlavik, Jovan Ranin, Kai Zilmer, Vilma Uzdaviniene, Annegret Pelchen-Matthews, Amanda Mocroft, Joanne Reekie
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the incidence and risk factors of mortality among people with HIV due to suicide, substance use, and violence/accident. The results showed that a recent AIDS diagnosis and HIV infection acquired through injection drug use were associated with an increased risk of death due to substance use and violent/accidental deaths.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jonas L. Olesen, Andrada Ianus, Leif Ostergaard, Noam Shemesh, Sune N. Jespersen
Summary: This study investigates a denoising strategy using redundancy in high-dimensional data. By comparing matrix-based MPPCA with tensor-based MPPCA, it is found that tensor MPPCA achieves better denoising performance, especially for small data patches.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jane Agergaard, Benjamin Yamin Ali Khan, Thomas Engell-Sorensen, Berit Schiottz-Christensen, Lars ostergaard, Eva K. Hejbol, Henrik D. Schroder, Henning Andersen, Jakob Udby Blicher, Thomas Holm Pedersen, Thomas Harbo, Hatice Tankisi, M. U. L. T. I. C. O. V. Consortium MULTICOV Consortium
Summary: This study examined 84 patients with long COVID using qEMG and sfEMG, and performed muscle biopsies in a subset of patients. The results showed that the mean MUP duration was decreased in >= 1 muscles in 52% of the patients, and the mean jitter was increased in 17% of the patients in the tibialis anterior and 25% in the extensor digitorum communis. Muscle biopsies revealed damage of terminal nerves and motor endplate with abundant basal lamina material. These findings suggest a muscle pathophysiology behind fatigue in long COVID.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Maarten van Wijhe, Kamille Fogh, Steen Ethelberg, Kasper Karmark Iversen, Henrik Nielsen, Lars Ostergaard, Berit Andersen, Henning Bundgaard, Charlotte S. Jorgensen, Bibi F. Ss Scharff, Svend Ellermann-Eriksen, Isik S. Johansen, Anders Fomsgaard, Tyra Grove Krause, Lothar Wiese, Thea K. Fischer, Kare Molbak, Thomas Benfield, Fredrik Folke, Freddy Lippert, Sisse R. Ostrowski, Anders Koch, Christian Erikstrup, Anne-Marie Vangsted, Anna Irene Vedel Sorensen, Henrik Ullum, Robert Leo Skov, Lone Simonsen, Susanne Dam Nielsen
Summary: This study assessed the burden of long COVID among nonhospitalized adults with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that 25 out of 100 cases reported at least one long-COVID symptom. Infected individuals had worse general health, higher odds of various symptoms, particularly loss of taste and smell, and significantly reduced physical and mental health. Female sex and severity of infection were identified as major risk factors for long COVID.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Kamille Fogh, Alexandra R. R. Eriksen, Tine Graakjaer Larsen, Rasmus B. Hasselbalch, Henning Bundgaard, Bibi F. S. S. Scharff, Susanne D. Nielsen, Charlotte S. Jorgensen, Christian Erikstrup, Lars ostergaard, Svend Ellermann-Eriksen, Berit Andersen, Henrik Nielsen, Isik S. Johansen, Lothar Wiese, Lotte Hindhede, Susan Mikkelsen, Susanne G. Saekmose, Bitten Aagaard, Dorte K. Holm, Lene Harritshoj, Lone Simonsen, Thea K. Fischer, Fredrik Folke, Freddy Lippert, Sisse R. Ostrowski, Thomas Benfield, Kare Molbak, Steen Ethelberg, Anders Koch, Anne-Marie Vangsted, Tyra Grove Krause, Anders Fomsgaard, Henrik Ullum, Robert Skov, Kasper Iversen
Summary: This study investigated the immunity against COVID-19, risk factors, and behavior among employees in day care facilities and preschools (DCS) in Denmark. The study found that DCS staff had a higher risk of exposure within their own household than at their workplace. The study also found that most employees expressed fear of contracting COVID-19 and there was limited use of personal protective equipment at work.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Maria Lange Pedersen, Dennis Vestergaard Pedersen, Mikael Becher Lykkegaard Winkler, Heidi Gytz Olesen, Ole Schmeltz Sogaard, Lars Ostergaard, Nick Stub Laursen, Anna Halling Folkmar Rahimic, Martin Tolstrup
Summary: The complement system, an important part of the innate immune response, can be utilized to eliminate HIV-1-infected cells. Researchers developed a new therapeutic approach, a bispecific complement engager (BiCE), which can direct complement activity to the surface of HIV-1-infected cells. This BiCE has shown the ability to increase complement deposition and mediate complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) of HIV-1-infected cells.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anne Tvilum, Mikkel Johansen, Laerke N. Glud, Diana M. Ivarsen, Amanda B. Khamas, Sheiliza Carmali, Snehit Satish Mhatre, Ane B. Sogaard, Emma Faddy, Lisanne de Vor, Suzan H. M. Rooijakkers, Lars Ostergaard, Nis P. Jorgensen, Rikke L. Meyer, Alexander N. Zelikin
Summary: In this study, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) containing mitomycin C, an anti-neoplastic drug with antimicrobial properties, were engineered to target bacteria in biofilms. The ADCs released the drug without entering the bacterial cells, likely through interaction with thiols on the bacterial cell surface. The targeted ADCs showed superior antimicrobial effects compared to non-specific counterparts in vitro, in biofilms, and in an in vivo osteomyelitis model. These findings have significant translational potential for the development of ADCs as a treatment for bacterial biofilm infections.
Article
Immunology
Wendy P. Bannister, Dorthe Raben, Palle Valentiner-Branth, Martin Tolstrup, Lykke Larsen, Britta Tarp, Mette Brouw Iversen, Ole Schmeltz Sogaard, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Nina Breinholt Staerke, Marie Louise Jakobsen, Susan Olaf Lindvig, Maria Ruwald Juhl, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Ahmed B. Mustafa, Lars Ostergaard, Fredrikke Dam Larsen, Lene Surland Knudsen, Vibeke Klastrup, Lothar Wiese, Thomas Benfield, Kristine Toft Petersen, Kasper K. Iversen, Henrik Nielsen, Joanne Reekie, Jens Lundgren
Summary: Concerns about side effects may contribute to vaccine hesitancy, but knowing that SARS-CoV-2 vaccines can lead to a stronger immune response may encourage more individuals to get vaccinated. Severe adverse reactions were associated with a stronger antibody response after the second vaccine dose, but not after the first. Regardless of side effects, most people experienced an effective immune response following vaccination.
OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Luca Bordoni, Anna E. Thoren, Eugenio Gutierrez-Jimenez, Knut S. Abjorsbraten, Daniel M. Bjornstad, Wannan Tang, Mette Stern, Leif Ostergaard, Erlend A. Nagelhus, Sebastian Frische, Ole P. Ottersen, Rune Enger
Summary: Brain edema is a dangerous complication of brain disorders and injuries, potentially leading to fatal brain herniation. Even slight increases in intracranial pressure have negative effects, such as on brain perfusion. The water channel protein aquaporin-4 (AQP4) plays a crucial role in brain edema formation, and its absence improves regulation of capillary blood flow. Additionally, AQP4-dependent signaling in astrocytic endfeet during edema disrupts microvascular flow regulation.
Article
Virology
Kristoffer Skaalum Hansen, Sofie Eg Jorgensen, Morten Kelder Skouboe, Jane Agergaard, Berit Schiottz-Christensen, Line Khalidan Vibholm, Martin Tolstrup, Lars Ostergaard, Steffen Leth, Trine H. Mogensen
Summary: Long COVID is an emerging global health concern, and its underlying mechanism and pathophysiology are still unclear. This study found that autoantibodies against type 1 interferons in patients with Long COVID do not contribute to the symptoms.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jesper D. Gunst, Jesper F. Hojen, Marie H. Pahus, Miriam Rosas-Umbert, Birgitte Stiksrud, James H. Mcmahon, Paul W. Denton, Henrik Nielsen, Isik S. Johansen, Thomas Benfield, Steffen Leth, Jan Gerstoft, Lars Ostergaard, Mariane H. Schleimann, Rikke Olesen, Henrik Stovring, Line Vibholm, Nina Weis, Anne M. Dyrhol-Riise, Karen B. H. Pedersen, Jillian S. Y. Lau, Dennis C. Copertino, Noemi Linden, Tan T. Huynh, Victor Ramos, R. Brad Jones, Sharon R. Lewin, Martin Tolstrup, Thomas A. Rasmussen, Michel C. Nussenzweig, Marina Caskey, Dag Henrik Reikvam, Ole S. Sogaard
Summary: In people with HIV-1 undergoing antiretroviral treatment interruption, combining lefitolimod with broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) did not delay viral rebound beyond that achieved with bNAbs alone, raising the question of how to optimize combination immunotherapy to control HIV-1.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stine Sofie Frank Lende, Nanna Mller Barnkob, Randi Westh Hansen, Harsh Bansia, Mike Vestergaard, Frederik Holm Rothemejer, Anne Worsaae, Deijona Brown, Maria Lange Pedersen, Anna Halling Folkmar Rahimic, Anna Karina Juhl, Torben Gjetting, Lars Ostergaard, Amedee Des Georges, Laurent-Michel Vuillard, Mariane Hgsbjerg Schleimann, Klaus Koefoed, Martin Tolstrup
Summary: By analyzing samples from convalescent individuals, researchers have identified a cluster of activated B cells enriched for SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies. These antibodies, which bind to the receptor binding motif of the virus, show prophylactic efficacy in vivo.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mikkel Illemann Johansen, Soren Jensen Rahbek, Soren Jensen-Fangel, Gabriel Antonio S. Minero, Louise Kruse Jensen, Ole Halfdan Larsen, Lise Tornvig Erikstrup, Anders Marthinsen Seefeldt, Lars J. Ostergaard, Rikke Louise J. Meyer, Nis Pedersen J. Jorgensen
Summary: We developed a rat model of prosthetic vascular graft infection and evaluated whether tPA could enhance antibiotic therapy. The combination of vancomycin and rifampicin was more effective than vancomycin monotherapy, while the addition of tPA did not significantly reduce bacterial load or increase cure rate.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christina V. Konrad, Emma F. Iversen, Jesper D. Gunst, Ida Monrad, Andreas Holleufer, Rune Hartmann, Lars J. Ostergaard, Ole S. Sogaard, Mariane H. Schleimann, Martin Tolstrup
Summary: In this study, we have developed an immunotherapy technology that utilizes vaccination-induced CTLs to be redirected and kill antigen-expressing target cells through RoVER. This technology is highly specific and eliminates the need for adoptive transfer of CTLs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eva A. M. Baerends, Astrid K. Hvidt, Joanne Reekie, Ole S. Sogaard, Nina B. Staerke, Dorthe Raben, Henrik Nielsen, Kristine T. Petersen, Maria R. Juhl, Isik S. Johansen, Susan O. Lindvig, Lone W. Madsen, Lothar Wiese, Lene S. Knudsen, Mette B. Iversen, Thomas Benfield, Kasper K. Iversen, Sidsel D. Andersen, Anna K. Juhl, Lisa L. Dietz, Signe R. Andreasen, Thea K. Fischer, Christian Erikstrup, Palle Valentiner-Branth, Jens Lundgren, Lars Ostergaard, Martin Tolstrup
Summary: SARS-CoV-2 Omicron is rapidly spreading globally, even in regions with high vaccination coverage. A study found that high levels of vaccine-induced antibodies provide partial protection against Omicron breakthrough infections. This is important knowledge to further understand the threshold for protection against new variants and to determine the necessity and timing of booster vaccination.