4.0 Article

Direct and Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland Planted with Forage Rice

Journal

KAGAKU KOGAKU RONBUNSHU
Volume 36, Issue 4, Pages 229-236

Publisher

SOC CHEMICAL ENG JAPAN
DOI: 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.36.229

Keywords

Forage Rice; Constructed Wetland; Greenhouse Gas; Indirect Emission; Material Cycling

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We evaluated direct and indirect greenhouse gas (methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O)) emissions from a vertical flow constructed wetland (CW) planted with forage rice. The gas fluxes from the CW surface water to the atmosphere (direct emission) and the dissolved gas concentrations in filtered water (indirect emission) from the CW were monitored. Direct and indirect emissions of CH4-C from the CW were lower than those reported in the literature. Direct fluxes of N2O-N exhibited positive (14 out of 41 sampling times) and negative (13 out of 41 sampling times) values, resulting in average N2O-N efflux from and influx to the CW of 17.7 +/- 18.8 and -18.9 +/- 15.2 mu g-N.m(-2).h(-1), respectively. N2O-N concentration in the filtered water ranged from 0.43 to 10.4 mu g-N . l(-1) and significantly correlated with NO3-N concentration in the soil pore water. Given these results, percentages of indirect emission to total (direct + indirect) emission during the experimental period were 2.9 and 86.7% for CH4-C and N2O-N, respectively. Emission factor (EF5g) of the indirect N2O-N emission was 0.00053-0.0086 kg N2O-N. (kg-N leaching/runoff) (1), comparable to those of indirect emission sources in the literature. These results indicate the importance of monitoring and controlling indirect N2O-N emission from a vertical flow constructed wetland.

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