Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nastaran Daneshgar, Peter S. Rabinovitch, Dao-Fu Dai
Summary: mTOR signaling plays a crucial role in regulating cellular metabolism and aging by controlling key cellular processes such as protein synthesis, autophagy, and mitochondrial function. Dysregulation of mTOR signaling has been associated with various age-related pathologies, including heart failure and age-related cardiac dysfunction.
Review
Cell Biology
Yan Zhang, Jinjin Zhang, Shixuan Wang
Summary: Anti-aging is a complex global challenge, and rapamycin can prolong healthy lifespan by inhibiting the mTOR pathway, although current evidence for its effectiveness in lifespan extension is not yet comprehensive. This drug has significant anti-aging effects on multiple organ systems.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
News Item
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Alessia Pasquazi
Summary: Solitary waves, known as solitons, are found in various physical systems and have wide applications. The carefully engineered light-matter interactions have led to the creation of an optomechanical dissipative soliton with promising properties.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Maria Serena Longhi
Summary: The study reveals that the aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand-producing pathobiont Lactobacillus reuteri induces AIH-like pathology through Tc1-mediated mechanisms in mice deficient in Tet-methylcytosine-dioxygenase-2.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Anton Dignos, Michael H. Bohlen, Johann Gamper, Christian S. Jensen, Peter Moser
Summary: The paper introduces a new approach to support data joins related to time periods, showing good performance and flexibility in handling various time periods and predicate requirements for joins. The new method offers system support and simplicity, outperforming existing DBMS solutions with specialized indexing techniques.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Miika Hannula, Zhuoxing Zhang, Bor-Kuan Song, Sebastian Link
Summary: A cross join between two attribute sets holds on a relation whenever its projection onto the union of the attribute sets is the cross join between its projections on the first and second attribute set. The problem of deciding whether there is a cross join that holds on a given relation is not only NP-complete but W[3]-complete in its arity. The first algorithms that discover all cross joins that hold on a given relation are established.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON KNOWLEDGE AND DATA ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kitti Szoke, Beata Bodi, Zoltan Hendrik, Attila Czompa, Alexandra Gyongyosi, Donald David Haines, Zoltan Papp, Arpad Tosaki, Istvan Lekli
Summary: Previous investigations have shown that rapamycin treatment can increase autophagy levels and suppress the emergence of senescent cells, which are the primary drivers of age-associated physical decline. This study tested the hypothesis that rapamycin treatment in old mice would lead to increased survival, enhanced expression of autophagic proteins, and suppressed inflammation. The results showed that rapamycin-treated mice had improved survival, increased autophagy, elevated expression of klotho protein, and suppressed levels of inflammatory mediators.
PHARMACOLOGY RESEARCH & PERSPECTIVES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Benjamin D. McNair, Jacob A. Schlatter, Ross F. Cook, Musharraf Yusifova, Danielle R. Bruns
Summary: This study demonstrates that rapamycin is not a viable therapeutic option in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension in old mice, possibly due to exacerbated weight loss in this context. Future research efforts should take into consideration the differences between the right ventricle and left ventricle, as well as the interaction between mTOR and hypoxia in age-related diseases.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Maria B. Birkisdottir, Dick Jaarsma, Renata M. C. Brandt, Sander Barnhoorn, Nicole van Vliet, Sandra Imholz, Conny T. van Oostrom, Bhawani Nagarajah, Eliana Portilla Fernandez, Anton J. M. Roks, Ype Elgersma, Harry van Steeg, Jose A. Ferreira, Jeroen L. A. Pennings, Jan H. J. Hoeijmakers, Wilbert P. Vermeij, Martijn E. T. Dolle
Summary: Experimental results show that although dietary restriction and rapamycin can extend the lifespan of some organisms, rapamycin cannot increase the lifespan and healthspan of progeroid DNA repair-deficient mice like dietary restriction does.
Article
Cell Biology
Ziqian Shen, Abby Hinson, Richard A. Miller, Gonzalo G. Garcia
Summary: The study suggests that rapamycin and acarbose can prevent age-related declines in cap-independent translation (CIT) target proteins in both sexes, while 17 alpha-estradiol has a similar effect only in males. The activity of mTORC1 is blocked by rapamycin, acarbose, and 17 alpha-estradiol in age-related increases. The increase in METTL3 activity and CIT-dependent proteins may represent a shared pathway for both long-lived mutant mice and drug-induced lifespan extension in mice.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Samantha B. Larsen, Shruti Naik
Summary: The enteric nervous system is emerging as a central regulator of intestinal immunity and an intermediary in host-commensal interactions. Neuronal interleukin-6 has been identified as a significant modulator of regulatory T cells in the intestine, with commensal microbiota further refining this neuroimmune dialogue.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Gerasymchuk, Gregory Ian Robinson, Olga Kovalchuk, Igor Kovalchuk
Summary: The study found that the combination of triacetylresveratrol and cannabidiol can increase the viability and functional activity of skin fibroblasts, reduce metabolic dysfunction, and ameliorate nuclear architecture in senescent fibroblasts. However, metformin did not show any beneficial effects on functional activity, and rapamycin inhibited cell viability and wound healing speed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ramasamy Selvarani, Sabira Mohammed, Arlan Richardson
Summary: Rapamycin has shown potential to extend lifespan and treat age-related diseases in mice. Research should continue to focus on the effects of rapamycin in aging physiology and diseases, and bringing it into clinical applications.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Elena Sabini, Alison O'Mahony, Patrizio Caturegli
Summary: This study compares the therapeutic effects of two drugs, MyMD-1 and rapamycin, on aging and age-related diseases. The results demonstrate that MyMD-1 has better effects on lifespan and health span characteristics in mice, and exhibits stronger anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibrotic properties in vitro.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Eleanor J. Phillips, Mirre J. P. Simons
Summary: Dietary restriction and rapamycin treatment have different effects on immune function. Rapamycin treatment improves post-infection survival rate, while dietary restriction may reduce it. These results suggest the potential benefits of rapamycin for the immune system, while caution is needed in considering the immune costs of dietary restriction. Further clinical trials of rapamycin to boost immunity in humans are warranted.
