Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yohey Ogawa, Tomoya Shiraki, Yoshitaka Fukada, Daisuke Kojima
Summary: Most vertebrate lineages possess a tetrachromatic visual system with UV, blue, green, and red cones. The mechanism supporting blue cone identity through selective expression of blue opsin in zebrafish has been identified to be driven by the transcription factor Foxq2. This dual function factor not only activates sws2 transcription but also suppresses UV opsin transcription in blue cones, suggesting it is a prevalent regulatory mechanism acquired early in vertebrate evolution.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kevin W. Christie, Kristen E. Severi
Summary: In zebrafish, an excitatory neural relay network plays a critical role in transforming a unilateral turn command into a bilateral swim signal, which is essential for smoothly transitioning between motor phases and successfully escaping danger.
Article
Neurosciences
Laura Biagi, Michela Tosetti, Sofia Allegra Crespi, Maria Concetta Morrone
Summary: Behavioral studies suggest that motion perception is rudimentary at birth and matures steadily over the first few years. Previous research shows that certain cortical areas involved in motion processing exhibit selective responses to coherent flow in 8-week-old infants. In this study, researchers found that 5-week-old infants also show similar motion responses in some areas, but not all, indicating a differential developmental trajectory for different occipital regions and possibly the central and peripheral visual field.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Lei Wang, Peizhen Lin, Jun Cheng, Feng Liu, Xiaoliang Ma, Jianqin Yin
Summary: This paper presents a fast method for visual relationship detection based on recurrent attention and negative sampling, integrating Word2Vec model and binary masks for learning non-visual features and spatial location features, and using undersampling technique to alleviate the influence of imbalanced annotations. Experiments show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art results on benchmark VRD and Visual Genome (VG) datasets in most cases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yohey Ogawa, Joseph C. Corbo
Summary: This study identified subpopulations of green and red cones in zebrafish, which express specific opsins and cone phototransduction genes. Additionally, it was found that cone subtypes express distinct transcriptional regulators, enabling diversification of cone subtypes in teleosts. The partitioned gene expression among cone subtypes arose through whole-genome duplication or clade-specific gene duplications.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Robotics
Justin Tomasi, Brandon Wagstaff, Steven L. Waslander, Jonathan Kelly
Summary: Successful visual navigation relies on capturing images with sufficient information, and this letter discusses a data-driven approach to adjust camera parameters for better image quality in visual navigation tasks. The trained neural network model can predictively adjust camera settings to maximize matchable features in consecutive images, outperforming competing algorithms in compensating for lighting changes.
IEEE ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Louis N. Vinke, Ilona M. Bloem, Sam Ling
Summary: Response nonlinearities are common in the brain, especially in sensory cortices, where changes in stimulus intensity often lead to compressed responses. The study shows that the adaptation state plays a crucial role in measuring nonlinear responses within the human visual cortex.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Kiran Bhattacharyya, David L. McLean, Malcolm A. MacIver
Summary: Escape maneuvers are crucial for animal survival and their success depends on the interaction of various parameters like response speed and direction. The intersection of predator and prey volumes in the predatory context determines the likelihood of survival.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
So Young Han, Yoosoo Chang, Yejin Kim, Chul Young Choi, Seungho Ryu
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between alcohol consumption and visual impairment. Through a long-term follow-up of 287,352 Korean adults, it was found that higher alcohol intake was associated with an increased incidence of visual impairment. Additionally, frequent binge drinking and former drinkers were also associated with a higher risk of visual impairment.
Article
Neurosciences
Tessa Mancienne, Emmanuel Marquez-Legorreta, Maya Wilde, Marielle Piber, Itia Favre-Bulle, Gilles Vanwalleghem, Ethan K. Scott
Summary: The study found that animals habituate to repeated looming stimuli but not to repeated movement stimuli. Dim stimuli rarely elicit escape responses, therefore cannot habituate. The research also revealed that neither movement- nor dim-sensitive neurons play a specific role in brain-wide visual habituation networks or in behavioral habituation.
FRONTIERS IN NEURAL CIRCUITS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nickie Safarian, Sarah Houshangi-Tabrizi, Christiane Zoidl, Georg R. Zoidl
Summary: Panx1a and Panx1b are genes in zebrafish that play roles in the physiology of the visual system, with unique channel properties and tissue expression patterns. Panx1a modulates light decrement detection in the outer retina, while Panx1b's strategic localization in the inner retina affects visually evoked motor behavior. Loss of Panx1b channels disrupts retinal responses to changes in illumination and impairs larval locomotion in low light conditions, suggesting its involvement in motion detection and circadian clock regulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Augusto Monteiro de Souza, Heloysa Araujo-Silva, Andrea Machado Costa, Andre Linhares Rossi, Alexandre Malta Rossi, Jose Mauro Granjeiro, Ana Carolina Luchiari, Silvia Regina Batistuzzo de Medeiros
Summary: Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a widely used biomaterial in biomedical applications. Studies have shown that incorporating ionic substituents into HA can produce a composition more similar to natural bone tissue and have favorable biological characteristics for bone regeneration. In this study, an embryotoxicity test was performed on zebrafish embryos exposed to different HA-based biomaterials, and the results showed no embryotoxic effects, neurotoxic effects, or increased oxidative stress. These findings suggest that ion-substituted HA biomaterials are safe and useful for medical devices and bone regeneration.
Article
Biology
Haleh Fotowat, Florian Engert
Summary: Larval zebrafish exposed repeatedly to dark looming stimuli habituate to these signals and stop responding with escape swims. These stimuli can be separated into spatial expansion and overall dimming, each with their own behavioral algorithms. Brain imaging experiments suggest the existence of two separate neural pathways, one for expansion detection and escape, and another for dimming inhibition of escape response. The second pathway is contextually modulated and responsible for the silencing of successive escape responses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junyu Zhao, Shengkai Xi, Yan Li, Aike Guo, Zhihua Wu
Summary: In this study, we developed a computational model inspired by the looming detection circuit recently identified in Drosophila. Our results suggest that the key for accurate detection in the fly circuit is attributed to two computation strategies: population encoding and nonlinear integration. The model is further shown to be an effective algorithm for collision avoidance by virtual robot tests, shedding light on the potential of the concise fly algorithm in real-time applications.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Manzoor Ahmed Hashmani, Muhammad Umair
Summary: This article proposes a new sea image dataset that encompasses various geographical, seasonal, and maritime features, and is used for testing and evaluating computer vision-based SHL detection methods.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
