Article
Ophthalmology
Jing Chen, Karl R. Gegenfurtner
Summary: This study investigated higher-order chromatic mechanisms by recording EEGs on human observers, finding that masking strength was strongest when target and noise were along the same color direction, and weakest when along orthogonal directions. Evidence for higher-order chromatic mechanisms tuned to intermediate axes was also observed.
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Peter Heil, Bjorn Friedrich
Summary: This study investigated different definitions of thresholds and found that thresholds defined as the logarithm of the Weber fraction for stimulus amplitude were the most suitable. It was suggested that these thresholds should be averaged arithmetically across listeners.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Shengyuan Yan, Yingying Wei, Fengjiao Li, Cong Chi Tran
Summary: Workload level has a significant impact on human errors of ship operators. By analyzing performance indicators, subjective workload indicators, and eye movement indicators, this study found correlations between NASA-TLX score and error rate, operation time, etc. A discriminant model based on these indicators can accurately distinguish different workload levels.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Changhao He, Jorge Mansilla-Soto, Nandish Khanra, Mohamad Hamieh, Victor Bustos, Alice J. Paquette, Andreina Garcia Angus, Derek M. Shore, William J. Rice, George Khelashvili, Michel Sadelain, Joel R. Meyerson
Summary: CAR T cell therapy utilizes synthetic receptors to guide T cells in targeting and destroying cancer cells. By studying cryo-EM structures and conducting molecular dynamics simulations, researchers were able to create CAR T cells with different tumor recognition sensitivities and understand their requirements for cytolysis and trogocytosis.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
August Andersson
Summary: This paper demonstrates that first order exponential kinetics can lead to log-normal concentration distributions under certain assumptions. This model provides a possible explanation for the frequent observation of this phenomenon in the environment and elsewhere, given the ubiquity of exponential kinetics such as source and sink processes. When compared to other mechanisms affecting concentration distributions, such as source mixing, this model has certain advantages.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Wendel M. Friedl, Andreas Keil
Summary: The study examined how human observers learned to associate specific screen locations with aversive outcomes and found that visuocortical spatial representations are sharpened in response to location-specific aversive conditioning. The top-down influences showed posterior generalization and anterior sharpening. These findings suggest the malleability of retinotopic spatial representations in visual cortex through experience.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Philip Kenyon, D. W. Justin Leung, Zoe R. Turner, Jean-Charles Buffet, Dermot O'Hare
Summary: Bimodal polyethylene can be produced by utilizing a single immobilized catalyst and support, without the need for chain transfer agents. The ratio of the two distinct molecular weight distributions can be adjusted by varying the support and reaction conditions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jonas Zaman, Kenny Yu, Marta Andreatta, Matthias J. Wieser, Yannik Stegmann
Summary: Previous research on associative aversive learning and discrimination acuity has shown mixed results. This study aimed to investigate these findings in humans and found that aversive learning did not alter discrimination acuity, contrary to prior assumptions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jonas Zaman, Kenny Yu, Marta Andreatta, Matthias J. Wieser, Yannik Stegmann
Summary: Past research on aversive learning and discrimination acuity has had mixed results. This study aimed to apply previous findings from animal studies to humans. Experiment 1 compared different types of learning experiences and their effects on discrimination ability, finding weak to moderate evidence that aversive learning did not alter discrimination acuity. A follow-up experiment replicated these findings and showed that additional safety cues did not moderate the effect.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Carla Pais-Vieira, Mehrab K. Allahdad, Andre Perrotta, Andre S. Peres, Carolina Kunicki, Mafalda Aguiar, Manuel Oliveira, Miguel Pais-Vieira
Summary: This study used EEG signals to investigate the tactile width discrimination task in humans and found that fronto-parietal electrodes encoded between-subjects' performances while parieto-occipital electrodes encoded within-subjects' performances, supporting the notion that tactile width discrimination processing is associated with a complex asymmetrical network involving fronto-parieto-occipital electrodes.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Kelley D. Erickson, Adam B. Smith
Summary: The study explores adapting occupancy models for biased opportunistic occurrence data using Anacardiaceae species in Florida as a case study. The best models incorporated background data filtration and collector covariates, with month, collection method, and previous collection of the focal species being important predictors of collection probability. Standardizing metadata associated with data collection will improve efforts for modeling the spatial distribution of various species.
Article
Mathematics
Nir Avni, Chen Meiri
Summary: The study proves that for a higher rank arithmetic lattice F, which is a centerless irreducible group in characteristic zero, if F is either nonuniform or is uniform of orthogonal type and dimension at least 9, then F has a bi-interpretation with the ring of integers 7L. This implies that the first-order theory of F is undecidable, all finitely generated subgroups of F are definable, and F can be characterized by a single first-order sentence among all finitely generated groups.
DUKE MATHEMATICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
David Cubero, Ferruccio Renzoni
Summary: This work extends vibrational mechanics to higher dimensions by introducing fast vibrations applied to different directions, particularly with a split biharmonic drive. The analysis shows a highly tunable effective potential can be achieved, allowing for amplitude tuning and introducing arbitrary spatial translations. The setup can be generalized to implement translations in any direction within the landscape, including three-dimensional periodic potentials.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karen Zhang, Yuan-Jyue Chen, Delaney Wilde, Kathryn Doroschak, Karin Strauss, Luis Ceze, Georg Seelig, Jeff Nivala
Summary: DNA strand displacement (DSD) is a widely used molecular tool in applications such as DNA computing and nucleic acid diagnostics. In this study, the authors characterized dozens of orthogonal barcode sequences that can be used for real-time monitoring of multiplexed DSD reactions using a commercially-available portable nanopore array device.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Mao-Ting Chien, Chi-Kwong Li, Hiroshi Nakazato
Summary: The paper presents a computational criterion for the boundary points of the higher rank numerical range of a matrix and describes a general scheme for constructing its boundary curve. The results are used to investigate the diameter and minimal width of this numerical range, with a detailed study on a 6-by-6 matrix. While the rank-2-numerical range is not of constant width, it shares interesting properties similar to convex sets with constant width. Additionally, a conjecture regarding the classical numerical range is extended to the higher rank numerical range, suggesting that the latter has constant width only if it is a circular disk.
LINEAR & MULTILINEAR ALGEBRA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benjamin de Haas, Alexios L. Iakovidis, D. Samuel Schwarzkopf, Karl R. Gegenfurtner
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2019)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Dar'ya Guarnera, Giuseppe Claudio Guarnera, Matteo Toscani, Mashhuda Glencross, Baihua Li, Jon Yngve Hardeberg, Karl R. Gegenfurtner
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VISUALIZATION AND COMPUTER GRAPHICS
(2020)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Roisin Elaine Harrison, Martin Giesel, Constanze Hesse
QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin Giesel, Anna Nowakowska, Julie M. Harris, Constanze Hesse
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Raul Luna, Ignacio Serrano-Pedraza, Karl R. Gegenfurtner, Alexander C. Schuetz, David Souto
Summary: During smooth pursuit eye movements, repeatedly exposing observers to background motion with a fixed direction relative to the pursued target can lead to a shift in their point of subjective stationarity (PSS), reflecting a recalibration of the reference signal in response to prevailing retinal motion during pursuit. This recalibration effect is specific to the exposed visual hemifield.
Article
Neurosciences
Sergio M. C. Nascimento, Anke Marit Albers, Karl R. Gegenfurtner
Summary: Two experiments showed that images perceived as more natural are generally more preferred, demonstrating a close relationship between perceived naturalness and preference.
Article
Neurosciences
Alexander Goettker, Karl R. Gegenfurtner
Summary: The close relationship between eye movements and visual processing has led to recent studies focusing on interactions and shared signals between saccades and pursuit eye movements, highlighting multiple interactions and synergies in oculomotor control and visual perception.
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Constanze Hesse, Roisin Elaine Harrison, Martin Giesel, Thomas Schenk
Summary: Weber's law, stating a linear decrease in our ability to detect changes in stimulus attributes with magnitude, appears to be violated in grasping potentially due to biomechanical constraints. However, a study using a bimanual task showed adherence to Weber's law in bimanual estimation and grasping, conflicting with previous findings. Further research is encouraged to explore whether Weber's law persists when biomechanical constraints are reduced.
Article
Optics
Hamed Heidari-Gorji, Karl R. Gegenfurtner
Summary: Color constancy refers to the ability to perceive consistent colors under different illuminations. While computer vision approaches it through illumination estimation and image correction, human vision goes beyond that by extracting color information consistently from objects and materials in a scene. This study presents a model that uses deep neural networks to assign reflectances to individual objects in the scene, overcoming the lack of labeled datasets through computer graphics rendering.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Jelmer P. de Vries, Arash Akbarinia, Alban Flachot, Karl R. Gegenfurtner
Summary: Color is a prime example of categorical perception, but the reasons and methods for the emergence of color categories are still unclear. This study investigates the potential emergence of color categories by training a convolutional neural network (CNN), and found that the trained network exhibits invariant borders for color classification, which are largely consistent with human category boundaries.
Article
Biophysics
Karina Kangur, Martin Giesel, Julie M. Harris, Constanze Hesse
Summary: The perceived roughness of 3D textures varies with illumination direction, causing a lack of roughness constancy. This study aimed to investigate whether the visual system relies on illumination-dependent features when judging roughness or whether it can access illumination-invariant surface features that can also be evaluated by the tactile system.
MULTISENSORY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Optics
Laysa Hedjar, Matteo Toscani, Karl R. Gegenfurtner
Summary: The distribution of colors on a surface is influenced by its surface properties, shape, and lighting environment. Shading, chroma, and lightness are positively correlated, and saturation is relatively constant across an object. This study investigates the impact of this relationship on the perceived saturation of an object. The results indicate that simple colorimetric statistics do not accurately represent perceived saturation, as observers' judgments are likely influenced by interpretations of the color distribution.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuan Zhang, Matteo Valsecchi, Karl R. Gegenfurtner, Jing Chen
Summary: The present study provides a comprehensive evaluation of different reference methods for steady-state visual-evoked potentials (SSVEPs) and finds that Laplacian reference enhances signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and reliability of SSVEP signals, suggesting it is optimal for SSVEP analysis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Constanze Hesse, Martin Giesel, Anna Nowakowska, Julie Harris
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Jan Koenderink, Andrea van Doorn, Karl Gegenfurtner