Journal
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
Volume 88, Issue 16, Pages 9141-9152Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00619-14
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Funding
- Department of Biotechnology [BT/PR8322/Med/14/1245/2006]
- Indian Council of Medical Research, Government of India [HIV/50/142/9/2011-ECD-II]
- NII, New Delhi
- CSIR, Government of India
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HIV-1 modulates key host cellular pathways for successful replication and pathogenesis through viral proteins. By evaluating the hijacking of the host ubiquitination pathway by HIV-1 at the whole-cell level, we now show major perturbations in the ubiquitinated pool of the host proteins post-HIV-1 infection. Our overexpression- and infection-based studies of T cells with wildtype and mutant HIV-1 proviral constructs showed that Vpr is necessary and sufficient for reducing whole-cell ubiquitination. Mutagenic analysis revealed that the three leucine-rich helical regions of Vpr are critical for this novel function of Vpr, which was independent of its other known cellular functions. We also validated that this effect of Vpr was conserved among different subtypes (subtypes B and C) and circulating recombinants from Northern India. Finally, we establish that this phenomenon is involved in HIV-1-mediated diversion of host ubiquitination machinery specifically toward the degradation of various restriction factors during viral pathogenesis.
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