Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marco Mueller, Jeremy Booth, Adam Briggs, Dasantha Jayamanne, Vanessa Panettieri, Sashendra Senthi, Chun-Chien Shieh, Paul Keall
Summary: This study introduces a markerless tumor tracking technique for accurate and optimal radiotherapy. The feasibility of this technique will be investigated through an interventional trial, and the accuracy will be evaluated using implanted fiducial markers.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Autumn E. Walter, Larry A. DeWerd
Summary: The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of implementing a megavoltage calibration service for ionization chambers at the secondary standards level. Three reference-class ionization chambers were taken to the National Research Council (NRC) Canada for primary megavoltage calibration service. Quadratic fits were applied to the data to determine calibration coefficients specific to the University of Wisconsin Medical Radiation Research Center (UWMRRC) beam qualities. The resulting calibration coefficients were compared to the NRC values and observed to be within 1% agreement.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Rego, Nathan J. Brooks, Quynh L. D. Nguyen, Julio San Roman, Iona Binnie, Luis Plaja, Henry C. Kapteyn, Margaret M. Murnane, Carlos Hernandez-Garcia
Summary: In this study, a necklace-shaped phased array of HHG emitters has been formed, allowing for the control of line spacing and divergence properties in extreme ultraviolet and soft x-ray harmonic combs. The on-axis HHG emission exhibits extremely low divergence, providing a new degree of freedom for the design of harmonic combs, especially in the soft x-ray regime where options are limited.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
H. S. Vieira, Kostas D. Kokkotas
Summary: This paper investigates the Schwarzschild acoustic black hole spacetime, exploring physical phenomena related to its effective geometry such as analogous Hawking radiation and quasibound states. By calculating quasibound state frequencies and wave functions, and comparing them with standard Schwarzschild black hole frequencies, the study provides insights into black hole physics and analog models in condensed matter, potentially offering the possibility of laboratory testing for effects associated with purely quantum effects in gravity.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Pavol Bobik, M. Putis, Y. L. Kolesnyk, B. A. Shakhov
Summary: This article focuses on the modulation of cosmic rays at high energies, especially in the inner heliosphere near Earth. It examines the variations in cosmic ray intensity at different energy levels, with a focus on 50, 100, and 150 GeV. The aim is to determine the limits of the heliosphere's ability to modulate cosmic rays and to measure modulation effects near Earth.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Wei Zhao, Yong Yang, Lei Xing, Cynthia F. Chuang, Emil Schuler
Summary: Small field dosimetry is different from broad beam dosimetry, and accurate dosimetry is important due to the increasing use of small fields in intensity-modulated radiation therapy and stereotactic body radiation therapy. This study proposes using machine learning strategies to improve the accuracy of determining small field output factors. ML regression models were generated based on either calculated or measured datasets, and accurate predictions were achieved independent of jaw and MLC position. Incorporating these ML models into dose calculation workflow can greatly increase the accuracy of dose calculations for small fields.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alexander H. E. Morrison, Quaid Hawkins, Khashayar Ghandi
Summary: This work presents a new method of material characterization using Cherenkov and ionizing particle radiation induced luminescence. The study extracted wavelengths corresponding to the localized plasmon resonance frequencies of dispersed gold nanostructures through luminescence produced under electron irradiation. The measurements are fast, simple, and consistent with conventional methods, indicating the potential of charged particle induced luminescence emissions as a remote chemical probe for nuclear applications.
CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Michael G. Stabin, Richard E. Wendt, Glenn D. Flux
Summary: This paper presents standardized methods for performing dose calculations for radiopharmaceuticals, outlining various steps in the process and reviewing special models. It also provides examples and can be used as a template for designing and executing kinetic studies to calculate radiation dose estimates from animal or human data.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Michael G. Stabin, Richard E. Wendt, Glenn D. Flux
Summary: This paper presents standardized methods for collecting data to be used in performing dose calculations for radiopharmaceuticals. Various steps in the process are outlined, with some specific examples given. This document can be used as a template for designing and executing kinetic studies for calculating radiation dose estimates, from animal or human data.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jun Cao
Summary: An unusual measurement from a nuclear reactor led to a three-year hunt for the elusive sterile neutrino. The search definitively proves that sterile neutrinos do not exist, yet the anomaly continues to persist.
Article
Education & Educational Research
Ana Isabel Morales Lopez, Paula Tuzon Marco
Summary: This study conducted a diagnostic research on secondary school students and teachers in Spain, focusing on the phenomenon of radioactivity. It found that at lower educational levels, there is a common misconception of radioactivity being dangerous and destructive, while at higher levels, there is a shift towards a more rational, relative, and multidimensional perspective. The ideas, emotions, and attitudes of the surveyed individuals align with the main misconceptions reported in the literature.
SCIENCE & EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
J. Narkis, F. Conti, A. L. Velikovich, F. N. Beg
Summary: The gas-puff Z-pinch is a well-known source of x-rays and/or neutrons, but it is highly susceptible to the magneto-Rayleigh-Taylor instability (MRTI). Mitigation strategies for MRTI include density profile tailoring and axial pre-magnetization, which can be additive in reducing energy loss and improving yield. By adding a second liner to stabilize the implosion of the gas liner, the initial axial magnetic field can be reduced, ultimately leading to a more attractive source for intense neutrons or fusion applications.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Christiane Sarah Burton, Kirk Frey, Frederic Fahey, Mark S. Kaminski, Richard K. J. Brown, Judith M. Pohlen, Barry L. Shulkin
Summary: For pregnant patients who undergo diagnostic examinations, it is important to estimate the radiation dose received by the fetus. This study provides dose estimates for the fetus from PET/CT using low-dose protocols adapted for pregnant patients. These findings are significant for the imaging community.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Xiao Liang, Youjian Yi, Song Li, Ping Zhu, Xinglong Xie, Huiya Liu, GuangJin Mu, ZhiGang Liu, Ailin Guo, Jun Kang, Qingwei Yang, Haidong Zhu, Qi Gao, Meizhi Sun, Haiyang Lu, Yanyun Ma, Sudipta Mondal, Daniel Papp, Szilard Majorosi, Zsolt Lecz, Alexander Andreev, Subhendu Kahaly, Christos Kamperidis, Nasr A. M. Hafz, Jianqiang Zhu
Summary: This study presents a new PW-based LWFA instrument at the SG-II 5 PW laser facility, which focuses on achieving cm-scale laser-plasma interaction Rayleigh length and observing electron beams by utilizing relativistic self-focusing of laser pulses at high gas-pressure thresholds.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pippa Wells
Summary: The discovery of 'weak neutral currents' at CERN 50 years ago was a crucial milestone in establishing the standard model of particle physics, and research in this field continues to progress.
