Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jingjing Wang, Xiaozhen Geng, Xin Zhang, Yanfeng Xiao, Wenjun Wang
Summary: Positive signals between ustekinumab exposure and hepatitis B virus reactivation, tuberculosis, and atypical mycobacterial infection were identified in the FAERS database. Although these complications are rare, clinicians using ustekinumab should be aware of the risks.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yi-Tse Su, Ming-Ling Chang, Yun-Fan Liaw
Summary: Concurrent infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is not uncommon, as they have similar routes of transmission. HBV is usually suppressed by HCV, but HBV reactivation can occur during or after anti-HCV treatment. In this report, we describe an unusual viral evolution in a patient with concurrent HBV and HCV infection. HCV reactivation occurred during entecavir therapy to treat severe HBV flare, and subsequent anti-HCV therapy triggered a second HBV flare despite sustained virological response to HCV infection. Further entecavir therapy successfully treated the flare.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Davaalkham Dambadarjaa, Otgonbayar Radnaa, Ser-Od Khuyag, Oyu-Erdene Shagdarsuren, Uranbaigali Enkhbayar, Yerkyebulan Mukhtar, Enkh-Oyun Tsogzolbaatar, Gunchmaa Nyam, Shatar Shaarii, Pramil Singh, Masaharu Takahashi, Bira Namdag, Hiroaki Okamoto
Summary: Hepatitis B, C, and D virus infections are a major public health problem in Mongolia, with high prevalence of dual and triple infections. The general population has a high infection rate, and most people are unaware of their infection status, especially young people.
Article
Immunology
Isabelle Desombere, Freya Van Houtte, Ali Farhoudi, Lieven Verhoye, Caroline Buysschaert, Yvonne Gijbels, Sibyl Couvent, Wilfried Swinnen, Hans Van Vlierberghe, Andre Elewaut, Andrea Magri, Zania Stamataki, Philip Meuleman, Jane A. McKeating, Geert Leroux-Roels
Summary: Hepatitis C virus can be transmitted by B cells, but B cells from recently infected patients failed to transmit the virus to mice, while all serum samples were infectious. The study also observed an association between circulating antibodies and B cell transmission of HCV.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Aleksei Suslov, Markus H. Heim, Stefan Wieland
Summary: Infectious diseases cause significant human suffering and socioeconomic burden worldwide. Understanding the interactions between human pathogens and hosts is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies. However, there is a lack of model systems that accurately replicate these interactions. The tropism of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viruses for the human liver poses challenges in studying their interactions during the natural progression of these infections. This review summarizes the efforts to advance our knowledge of virus-host interactions in chronic HCV and HBV infection through the analysis of surplus liver biopsy tissue donated by patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rahul Pamarthy, Hassam Ali, Devika Kapuria
Summary: Through a retrospective analysis of patients with HBV, HCV, and HBV/HCV coinfection, it was found that compared to HCV infection, patients with HBV and coinfection had longer hospital stays and higher costs, and patients with HBV infection had a higher risk of mortality.
IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Amir M. Mohareb, Anne F. Liu, Arthur Y. Kim, Patrick A. Coffie, Menan Gerard Kouame, Kenneth A. Freedberg, Anders Boyd, Emily P. Hyle
Summary: Spontaneous loss of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) occurs at a rate of 6.46/100 person-years (PYs) among untreated individuals with chronic HBV. The incidence rate of spontaneous HBeAg loss varies by age and geographic region.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kai Zhang, Xinyuan Lai, Ji Song, Lingyuan He, Luwei Wang, Guomin Ou, Xing Tian, Lei Wang, Juan Deng, Jiajia Zhang, Chuanyun Li, Hui Zhuang, Tong Li, Kuanhui Xiang
Summary: The coinfection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) can lead to severe liver disease, but a robust HBV/HCV coinfection cell culture model has been established to investigate their interaction. This model supports infection and replication of both HBV and HCV, allowing for a better understanding of their molecular details and outcomes.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jia-Jung Lee, Jer-Ming Chang, Lii-Jia Yang, Chih-Cheng Hsu, Ming-Huang Lin, Ming-Yen Lin
Summary: This study analyzed the infection status of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and tuberculosis in the dialysis population using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. The results showed an increasing trend of treated hepatitis B and hepatitis C cases and a mildly decreasing trend of treated tuberculosis cases. Male patients had higher rates of treated hepatitis B and tuberculosis, liver malignancy, and liver-related mortality.
JOURNAL OF THE FORMOSAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Virology
Camilla Rodrigues de Almeida Ribeiro, Nathalia Alves Araujo de Almeida, Katrini Guidolini Martinelli, Marcia Amendola Pires, Carlos Eduardo Brandao Mello, Jose J. Barros, Vanessa Salete de Paula
Summary: In this study, cytokine levels were examined in patients with HBV occult infection and chronic hepatitis C. The results showed that there were higher levels of cytokines in OBI/HCV patients compared to the control group and HBV monoinfected patients. IL-17A was found to be high in the HBV monoinfected group, while TNF-alpha, IL-10, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-2 were elevated in OBI/HCV patients.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Erkin Musabaev, Chris Estes, Shakhlo Sadirova, Shokhista Bakieva, Krestina Brigida, Rick Dunn, Shyamasundaran Kottilil, Poonam Mathur, Ameer Abutaleb, Kathryn Razavi-Shearer, Tim Anstiss, Bakhodir Yusupaliev, Homie Razavi
Summary: Chronic infection with HBV and HCV is a major cause of liver disease and mortality in Uzbekistan. This study demonstrated the feasibility of large-scale simplified testing and treatment to implement a national viral hepatitis elimination program.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Po-Yao Hsu, Yu-Ju Wei, Po-Cheng Liang, Jia-Jung Lee, Sheng-Wen Niu, Jiun-Chi Huang, Cheng-Ting Hsu, Tyng-Yuan Jang, Ching- Huang, Yi-Hung Lin, Ming-Yen Hsieh, Meng-Hsuan Hsieh, Szu-Chia Chen, Chia-Yen Dai, Zu-Yau Lin, Shinn-Cherng Chen, Jee-Fu Huang, Jer-Ming Chang, Ming-Lun Yeh, Chung-Feng Huang, Yi-Wen Chiu, Shang-Jyh Hwang, Wan-Long Chuang, Ming-Lung Yu
Summary: Hemodialysis patients are at increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This study found that hemodialysis patients with HCV exhibited a higher burden of comorbidities, especially in ischemic heart diseases, respiratory disorders, and mental/behavioral disorders, compared to patients with HBV and those without viral hepatitis.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Hasan Ahmadi Gharaei, Mohammad Fararouei, Ali Mirzazadeh, Golnaz Sharifnia, Marzieh Rohani-Rasaf, Dariush Bastam, Jamileh Rahimi, Mostafa Kouhestani, Shahab Rezaian, Mostafa Dianatinasab
Summary: The study reveals high prevalence of HBV and HCV coinfections among HIV-positive prisoners, especially among those with history of drug injection. The prevalence of these coinfections varies significantly across the globe. There is a call for enhanced screening and treatment programs targeting high-risk populations to reduce the incidence of coinfections.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF POVERTY
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Ru Cheng, Fu Zhu, Min Huang, Qiang Zhang, Hui Hong Yan, Xiao Hui Zhao, Fu Kang Luo, Chun Mei Li, Hui Liu, Gao Lin Liang, Cheng Zhi Huang, Jian Wang
Summary: In this study, a new biosensor named hepatitis virus indicator was developed for the simultaneous detection of HBV and HCV. The biosensor utilized Exo III assisted signal amplification strategy and particle counting technology with a dark-field microscopy, enabling sensitive and selective detection.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Corey Saraceni, John Birk
Summary: Despite advances in therapy, HBV and HCV remain significant global health burdens, leading to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death worldwide. The development of HBV vaccine has greatly reduced spread of the virus, while new direct acting antivirals have improved treatment for HCV. However, challenges such as treatment failures and limitations in vaccine efficacy still exist.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Damon P. Eisen, Karin Leder, Robyn L. Woods, Jessica E. Lockery, Sarah L. McGuinness, Rory Wolfe, David Pilcher, Elizabeth M. Moore, Adithya Shastry, Mark R. Nelson, Christopher M. Reid, John J. McNeil, Emma S. McBryde
Summary: The study found that daily low-dose aspirin treatment did not reduce deaths associated with sepsis in community dwelling older adults. The findings do not support the use of aspirin as a primary prevention strategy to reduce the burden of sepsis in this population.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Karin Leder, John J. Openshaw, Pascale Allotey, Ansariadi Ansariadi, S. Fiona Barker, Kerrie Burge, Thomas F. Clasen, Steven L. Chown, Grant A. Duffy, Peter A. Faber, Genie Fleming, Andrew B. Forbes, Matthew French, Chris Greening, Rebekah Henry, Ellen Higginson, David W. Johnston, Rachael Lappan, Audrie Lin, Stephen P. Luby, David McCarthy, Joanne E. O'Toole, Diego Ramirez-Lovering, Daniel D. Reidpath, Julie A. Simpson, Sheela S. Sinharoy, Rohan Sweeney, Ruzka R. Taruc, Autiko Tela, Amelia R. Turagabeci, Jane Wardani, Tony Wong, Rebekah Brown
Summary: The study focuses on upgrading urban informal settlements in two Asia-Pacific countries to improve environments and human health and well-being. The intervention involves a water-sensitive approach to reduce environmental faecal contamination and aims to provide proof-of-concept evidence for policy improvements. Multiple health, environmental, and well-being outcomes are assessed through longitudinal surveys and sampling in consenting households.
Article
Virology
Naomi Komadina, Sheena G. Sullivan, Karin Leder, Jodie McVernon
Summary: Swine flu outbreaks pose potential threats to human public health, with documented cases of swine-origin influenza infecting humans since the emergence of swine-origin H1N1 in 2009. An analysis of historical influenza viruses revealed evidence of prior circulation of H3N2v NP and M1 immunogenic peptides, which could provide insight into the emergence of influenza viruses and inform immunogenic peptide selection for vaccines inducing cytotoxic T-cell-mediated immunity.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Stacey L. Rowe, Karin Leder, Kirsten P. Perrett, Nicole Romero, Terry M. Nolan, Nicola Stephens, Benjamin C. Cowie, Allen C. Cheng
Summary: This study demonstrates the direct effectiveness of maternal influenza and pertussis vaccination in preventing these diseases in infants aged <2 months. The findings emphasize the significance of maternal vaccination in preventing these diseases in infants.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sarah L. McGuinness, Josphin Johnson, Owen Eades, Peter A. Cameron, Andrew Forbes, Jane Fisher, Kelsey Grantham, Carol Hodgson, Peter Hunter, Jessica Kasza, Helen L. Kelsall, Maggie Kirkman, Grant Russell, Philip L. Russo, Malcolm R. Sim, Kasha P. Singh, Helen Skouteris, Karen L. Smith, Rhonda L. Stuart, Helena J. Teede, James M. Trauer, Andrew Udy, Sophia Zoungas, Karin Leder
Summary: The study found that Australian healthcare workers employed in 2021 experienced poor mental health outcomes, with prevalence differences observed according to occupation. Longitudinal evidence is needed to guide the implementation of effective measures to support the physical and mental wellbeing of healthcare workers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bethany Cooper, Erica Donner, Lin Crase, Hamish Robertson, David Carter, Michael Short, Barbara Drigo, Karin Leder, Anne Roiko, Kelly Fielding
Summary: This paper systematically reviews the processes of building and maintaining the social license to operate wastewater monitoring. It explores the relationship between different stakeholder communities and offers a dynamic model to guide researchers and practitioners.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jordan Akritidis, Sarah L. McGuinness, Karin Leder
Summary: This study aimed to describe the factors influencing risk-taking willingness, risk perceptions, and future health-seeking intention among student travelers. The study found that willingness to take risks was influenced by factors such as age, nationality, travel experience, and perception of COVID-19 risk. Risk perception was influenced by factors such as age, perception of COVID-19 risk, and intention to seek travel advice in the future.
TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sarah L. McGuinness, Johnson Josphin, Owen Eades, Sharon Clifford, Jane Fisher, Maggie Kirkman, Grant Russell, Carol L. Hodgson, Helen L. Kelsall, Riki Lane, Helen Skouteris, Karen L. Smith, Karin Leder
Summary: This study provides in-depth insights into the challenges and successes of organizational responses across four healthcare settings in Melbourne, Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future efforts should focus on bidirectional communication, strengthening and sustaining the healthcare workforce, and investing in flexible and meaningful psychological support and wellbeing initiatives for HCWs.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Watcharapong Piyaphane, Rhett J. Stoney, Hilmir Asgeirsson, Grace D. Appiah, Marta Diaz-Menendez, Elizabeth D. Barnett, Philippe Gautret, Michael Libman, Patricia Schlagenhauf, Karin Leder, Katherine Plewes, Martin P. Grobusch, Ralph Huits, Kunjana Mavunda, Davidson H. Hamer, Lin H. Chen
Summary: International travellers may seek healthcare during their trip or plan healthcare abroad. The study indicates that many travellers encounter health problems during travel that could be prevented and managed through pre-travel consultations.
JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Stacey L. Rowe, Karin Leder, Kylie Dyson, Lalitha Sundaresan, Dennis Wollersheim, Brigid Lynch, Ifrah Abdullahi, Benjamin C. Cowie, Nicola Stephens, Terence M. Nolan, Sheena G. Sullivan, Brett Sutton, Allen C. Cheng
Summary: This study aimed to assess the associations between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the increased hospitalisation rates for respiratory and non-respiratory conditions. The results showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with higher hospitalisation rates for conditions such as myocarditis, thrombocytopenia, pulmonary embolism, acute myocardial infarction, and cerebral infarction.
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sarah L. McGuinness, Colleen L. Lau, Karin Leder
Summary: The recent outbreak of Japanese encephalitis in southeastern Australia highlights the changing epidemiology of this disease and the importance of integrated surveillance to inform risk-based discussions and vaccination recommendations for travelers and local populations.
JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Asma Sohail, Jordan Akritidis, Sarah McGuinness, Karin Leder
Summary: This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on travel risk perceptions and pre-travel healthcare attendance among university students. The results show that students' risk perceptions regarding travel-related illnesses are influenced by past experiences, travel destination, vaccination status, and knowledge. Barriers to seeking pre-travel advice include a lack of perceived need and concerns about accessibility/availability, while potential benefits include reduced health risks, vaccine-induced protection, and knowledge gain. Recommendations are provided to improve students' engagement in pre-travel advice.
TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Helen Louise Kelsall, Michael F. Di Donato, Sarah Mcguinness, Alex Collie, Shannon Zhong, Owen Eades, Malcolm Ross Sim, Karin Leder
Summary: This study aims to analyze and describe workers' compensation claims of healthcare and other industries during the COVID-19 pandemic in Victoria, Australia. By comparing COVID-19 infection claims and rates by industry and occupation, and considering the epidemiology of COVID-19 in Victoria, the study found that industry, occupation, severity, and timing have an impact on COVID-19 infection claims.
OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rachael Lappan, Rebekah Henry, Steven L. Chown, Stephen P. Luby, Ellen E. Higginson, Lamiya Bata, Thanavit Jirapanjawat, Christelle Schang, John J. Openshaw, Joanne O'Toole, Audrie Lin, Autiko Tela, Amelia Turagabeci, Tony H. F. Wong, Matthew A. French, Rebekah R. Brown, Karin Leder, Chris Greening, David McCarthy
Summary: Both TAC and qPCR methods showed similar performance in detecting and quantifying enteropathogens in non-inhibited samples, but PCR inhibitors could substantially affect detection via TAC.
LANCET PLANETARY HEALTH
(2021)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Daniel Griffiths, Karin Leder, Alex Collie
HEALTH PROMOTION JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2021)
