Article
Biology
Papangkorn Inkeaw, Salita Angkurawaranon, Piyapong Khumrin, Nakarin Inmutto, Patrinee Traisathit, Jeerayut Chaijaruwanich, Chaisiri Angkurawaranon, Imjai Chitapanarux
Summary: This paper introduces a new method for automatically segmenting hemorrhage subtypes in head CT scans based on a deep learning model. The experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms previous studies in terms of segmentation performance for each hemorrhage subtype.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
M. Kiani, A. Chaparian
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess organ doses, effective dose, and image quality, and to estimate the risk of exposure-induced cancer death (REID) in pediatric brain computed tomography examinations. The study found that brain CT scans in children are associated with an increased potential risk of cancer. Therefore, minimizing unnecessary radiation exposure in pediatric patients and using alternative imaging modalities are of particular importance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Alex S. Aguirre, Kenny Rojas, Alcy R. Torres
Summary: Our study reveals that head injuries are the most common casualties in war zones, affecting both male and female children with an average age of 8-10 years. Most children are from Afghanistan, and blasts are the most common mechanism of injury, with a mortality rate ranging from 3% to 47%.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ramona Guatta, Alberto Delaidelli, Adrien Thomas May, Gianpaolo Jannelli, Alessandro Moiraghi, Karl Schaller, Andrea Bartoli
Summary: The study found that for isolated subarachnoid hemorrhage (iSAH) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), the clinical utility of a repeat head CT scan within 72 hours is questionable, as there was minimal radiological progression or neurological deterioration observed. It suggests that neurologic observation and symptomatic treatment may be a reasonable alternative regardless of anticoagulation/antiplatelet therapy.
ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Rebecka O. Serpa, Lindsay Ferguson, Cooper Larson, Julie Bailard, Samantha Cooke, Tiffany Greco, Mayumi L. Prins
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) incidence is highest in the pediatric population, with peaks in toddlers and adolescents. Acute pathophysiology and outcomes differ between age groups, highlighting the importance of age-associated mechanisms in pediatric TBI research. Timecourse of pathophysiological processes and developmental windows of susceptibility are crucial for understanding the long-term effects of TBI in children.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ashley L. Ware, Keith Owen Yeates, Bryce Geeraert, Xiangyu Long, Miriam H. Beauchamp, William Craig, Quynh Doan, Stephen B. Freedman, Bradley G. Goodyear, Roger Zemek, Catherine Lebel
Summary: Sophisticated network-based approaches such as structural connectomics may help detect a biomarker of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in children. This study compared the structural connectome of children with mTBI or mild orthopedic injury (OI) to that of typically developing (TD) children, finding that both mTBI and OI groups demonstrated reduced global and regional network efficiency and segregation compared to TD children. This suggests a general effect of childhood injury on brain structure that could reflect pre- and postinjury factors.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Taopheeq Bamidele Rabiu, Habeeb Ogundipe
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed pediatric traumatic brain injury and found that it is a significant issue in the local setting, with a high incidence of road traffic crashes and falls as the main causes. Most cases were managed nonoperatively, and outcomes worsened with increasing severity of head injury.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Taopheeq Bamidele Rabiu, Habeeb Ogundipe
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases in a university hospital in South-West Nigeria. The study found that children accounted for a significant proportion of TBIs in the region, mainly caused by road traffic crashes and falls. Only a few patients received cranial computed tomography scans. Nonoperative care was the common management approach, and outcomes worsened with increasing severity of head injury.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fotso Kamdem Eddy, Samba Odette Ngano, Fotue Alain Jerve, Abogo Serge
Summary: There is currently no Pediatric Regulatory Diagnostic Reference Level (DRL) in Cameroon, prompting the need for optimization of protocols based on evaluation of dose and acquisition parameters delivered to pediatric patients. A comparative study with France's DRL revealed significant discrepancies in CT acquisition parameters, highlighting the importance of setting up a quality control structure in Cameroon for optimizing pediatric CT scans.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaoyan Jia, Xuan Li, Qiuyu Ji, Bo Yin, Yizhen Pan, Wenpu Zhao, Guanghui Bai, Jie Zhang, Lijun Bai
Summary: Blood proteins have the potential to be biomarkers for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This study found that the angiogenic biomarker VEGF can identify patients with mTBI, while the inflammatory biomarker interleukin-1 beta and neuronal cell body injury biomarker ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 are elevated in acute-stage patients and associated with cognitive deterioration. The axonal injury biomarker neurofilament light is elevated in acute-stage patients and associated with impaired white matter integrity and progressive brain atrophy.
Article
Physiology
Damla Hanalioglu, Brian T. Burrows, P. David Adelson, Brian Appavu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate model-based indices of cerebrovascular dynamics after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) using transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) integrated into multimodality neurologic monitoring (MMM). Classic TCD characteristics and model-based indices of cerebrovascular dynamics were investigated in relation to functional outcomes and intracranial pressure (ICP). The results showed that increased critical closing pressure (CrCP) and reduced diastolic closing margin (DCM) were associated with unfavorable outcomes and increased ICP.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ashley L. Ware, Keith Owen Yeates, Ken Tang, Ayushi Shukla, Adrian Onicas, Sunny Guo, Naomi Goodrich-Hunsaker, Nishard Abdeen, Miriam H. Beauchamp, Christian Beaulieu, Bruce Bjornson, William Craig, Mathieu Dehaes, Quynh Doan, Sylvain Deschenes, Stephen B. Freedman, Bradley G. Goodyear, Jocelyn Gravel, Andree-Anne Ledoux, Roger Zemek, Catherine Lebel
Summary: In this study, the largest sample to date was used to investigate the white matter microstructural changes and their relation to persistent symptoms after pediatric mTBI. The results showed that white matter microstructural changes suggesting neuroinflammation and axonal swelling occurred chronically and continued 6 months post injury in children with mTBI, especially in younger children with persistent symptoms. The white matter microstructure appears more organized in children without persistent symptoms, indicating better clinical outcomes.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Elizabeth Elliott, Michael Shoykhet, Michael J. Bell, Kitman Wai
Summary: Research is ongoing regarding nutritional practices in pediatric intensive care units (PICU), particularly for children with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). Data suggest that contemporary neurocritical care practices may mitigate the expected hypermetabolic state after sTBI, and early enteral nutrition may be associated with lower morbidity and mortality.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Damla Hanalioglu, Ann Oh, M'Hamed Temkit, P. David Adelson, Brian Appavu
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between partial pressure of brain tissue oxygenation (PbtO(2)) and end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). The results showed a positive association between PbtO(2) and EtCO2, indicating intact CO2 reactivity. Additionally, the study found different associations between PbtO(2) and intracranial pressure (ICP), arterial blood pressure (ABP), and cerebral regional oximetry (rSO(2)).
Article
Neurosciences
Lauren Saly, Sara A. Marshall, Kylie D. Mallory, Anne W. Hunt, Lisa Kakonge, Christine Provvidenza, Andrea Hickling, Sara A. Stevens, Sheila Bennett, Shannon E. Scratch
Summary: Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) is a significant issue in children, and educators lack knowledge about it. This study conducted an environmental scan to find online resources available for elementary educators in Canada to support students with ABI. The study found 96 freely accessible resources, but it also highlighted the transient nature of online information.