Article
Immunology
Wenyue Gu, Yangjie Xu, Xiaohong Chen, Hao Jiang
Summary: This study assessed the characteristics of NSCLC therapeutic vaccines registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. The results showed that the number of clinical trials has been increasing in recent years, but they lack randomized control and masking, and recruit less than 50 participants.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Nupur Biswas, Shweta Chakrabarti, Vijay Padul, Lawrence D. Jones, Shashaanka Ashili
Summary: Neoantigen vaccines are being developed to target specific mutated proteins in cancer cells and stimulate the immune system to fight against them. Advances in sequencing technology and computational tools have facilitated the design of these vaccines and several clinical trials have been conducted. This review examines the design criteria, processes, and challenges associated with neoantigens, as well as the outcomes of ongoing clinical trials. The review concludes that neoantigen vaccines have shown promising efficacy in boosting the immune response against cancer cells and have the potential to be used in the treatment of various types of cancers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Thai Thanh Hoang Thi, Estelle J. A. Suys, Jung Seok Lee, Dai Hai Nguyen, Ki Dong Park, Nghia P. Truong
Summary: This review highlights the importance of lipid-based nanoparticles in the development of COVID-19 vaccines and other nanomedicines, focusing on innovations that have obtained regulatory approval or are in clinical trials. It also discusses the physicochemical properties required for specific applications, emphasizes the differences in requirements for delivering different cargos, and introduces current challenges that need further development.
Review
Oncology
Fatemeh Zahedipour, Seyede Atefe Hosseini, Mojgan Astaneh, Prashant Kesharwani, Mahmoud Reza Jaafari, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the therapeutic efficacy, immune response, survival rate, and side effects of VEGF/VEGF receptor-based peptide vaccines. VEGF/VEGFR2 peptide vaccines were found to be safe and effective in inducing anti-tumor immune responses, while showing moderate clinical benefit. Further clinical trials are needed to fully evaluate their clinical effects and the correlation between immune response induction and clinical outcomes.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Cao-Sang Truong, So Young Yoo
Summary: Therapeutic cancer vaccines induce long-term immune response by targeting tumor-associated antigens, reducing adverse effects. Vaccinia virus (VV) as an oncolytic virus has promising potential in lung cancer treatment. Non-small cell lung cancer is highly responsive to immunotherapy.
Review
Oncology
Izabela Chmielewska, Katarzyna Stencel, Ewa Kalinka, Rodryg Ramlau, Pawel Krawczyk
Summary: Surgical resection is the standard treatment for early-stage NSCLC, but the majority of patients experience recurrence within 5 years. Immunotherapy has shown promising results in the treatment of metastatic lung cancer, leading to ongoing clinical trials in early NSCLC. However, challenges remain in determining the efficacy, timing, and treatment regimens of immunotherapy in neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings for NSCLC patients.
Review
Immunology
Ting Huang, Li Liu, Zheng Lv, Kelei Zhao, Qiong Yi, Jing Zhang
Summary: Lung cancer is a major cause of patient deaths globally, and despite advancements in tumor immunotherapy, the 5-year survival rate for lung cancer patients remains low. The development of effective vaccines for lung cancer is crucial, and DNA vaccines are considered a promising strategy to activate the immune system against lung cancer due to their ability to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Michael A. Morse, Erika J. Crosby, Jeremy Force, Takuya Osada, Amy C. Hobeika, Zachary C. Hartman, Peter Berglund, Jonathan Smith, H. Kim Lyerly
Summary: Therapeutic cancer vaccines use different platforms, such as messenger RNAs (mRNA), for antigen delivery. Self-replicating RNAs (srRNA) increase epitope expression and have been derived from positive-strand RNA viruses. Clinical stage srRNA vectors have shown positive results in encoding tumor antigens and adverse events have been minimal. Recent development of fully synthetic srRNA technologies shows promise for future vaccines.
CANCER GENE THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Cathrine Lund Lorentzen, John B. Haanen, Oezcan Met, Inge Marie Svane
Summary: Years of research on mRNA vaccines for cancer treatment have paved the way for the rapid development of mRNA vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. mRNA-based cancer vaccines offer potential advantages in terms of tolerability and easy production, making them a promising option for cancer immunotherapy. The latest clinical advances in mRNA-based vaccines for cancer treatment are summarized in this review, along with future perspectives and challenges for this new and promising treatment approach.
Article
Oncology
Pamela Trillo Aliaga, Dario Trapani, Jose Luis Sandoval, Edoardo Crimini, Gabriele Antonarelli, Grazia Vivanet, Stefania Morganti, Chiara Corti, Paolo Tarantino, Alex Friedlaender, Carmen Belli, Ida Minchella, Marzia Locatelli, Angela Esposito, Carmen Criscitiello, Giuseppe Curigliano
Summary: In early-phase clinical trials, cancer patients receiving COVID-19 vaccines did not experience worse adverse effects compared to patients not enrolled in trials. The safety profile of the vaccines in these patients appears to be similar to the general population, supporting the prioritization of cancer patients for vaccination.
Review
Microbiology
Moamen M. M. Elmassry, Jane A. A. Colmer-Hamood, Jonathan Kopel, Michael J. San J. Francisco, Abdul N. N. Hamood
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that causes high morbidity and mortality in CF and immunocompromised patients, and eradicating the bacteria is difficult due to its antibiotic resistance mechanisms and virulence factors. It is considered as one of the urgently needed targets for the development of novel antibiotics by the WHO.
Editorial Material
Engineering, Biomedical
Andrew Redenti, Jaeseung Hahn, Tal Danino
Summary: Flagellated bacteria coated with antigen-adsorbing nanoparticles can induce systemic antitumour immune responses by transporting tumour antigens towards the tumour periphery, where they are taken up by functional antigen-presenting cells.
NATURE BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jeroen Heuts, Wim Jiskoot, Ferry Ossendorp, Koen van der Maaden
Summary: Cationic nanoparticles have shown to be effective in cancer immunotherapy by delivering tumor-associated antigens to dendritic cells and inducing strong antigen-specific cellular immune responses. Lipid- and polymer-based cationic nanoparticles are utilized for different types of cancer vaccines, and their potential in T-cell induction is discussed for therapeutic cancer vaccination.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yiran Zheng, Zhiyuan Zhong
Summary: Cancer vaccines have become powerful and clinically viable therapeutic modalities for reducing tumor burden, eradicating residual cancer cells, and preventing relapse. Recent years have seen rapid advancements in next-generation cancer vaccines, with cutting-edge technologies focused on eliciting robust and durable immune responses specific to cancer, as well as reducing systemic side effects. This perspective highlights innovative strategies such as high-throughput screening for neoantigens and optimal delivery systems, knowledge-based de novo design of effective delivery platforms with tissue-targeting specificity, and synergizing cancer vaccines with clinical immunotherapeutic practices like CAR-T and anti-PD-1 therapies.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Review
Virology
Weijian Lin, Yongxiang Zhao, Liping Zhong
Summary: This review discusses the potential of viruses as a novel immune-active agent for cancer treatment and their use in clinical trials, as well as the challenges and future prospects of virotherapy in the management of cancer patients.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)