Article
Oncology
Chunsheng Wang, Kewei Zhao, Shanliang Hu, Wei Dong, Yan Gong, Minghuan Li, Conghua Xie
Summary: By studying the outcomes of gefitinib and erlotinib in patients with uncommon EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), it was found that patients with compound mutations had better treatment response, with those containing exon 19 deletion or L858R mutations showing the most significant benefits in response and survival. Additionally, the gefitinib group showed superior treatment efficacy and PFS benefit compared to the erlotinib group.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Wei Cao, Jun Ma, Xuan Jiang, Guangyi Gao
Summary: This study investigated the clinical intervention effect of afatinib targeted therapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. The results showed that afatinib targeted therapy significantly improved the treatment effective rate, immune function, and serum EGFR and pro-GRP levels in patients.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Shun Lu, Jianying Zhou, Hong Jian, Lin Wu, Ying Cheng, Yun Fan, Jian Fang, Gongyan Chen, Zhihong Zhang, Dongqing Lv, Liyan Jiang, Rong Wu, Xiangming Jin, Xiaodong Zhang, Junhong Zhang, Conghua Xie, Gengyun Sun, Dongning Huang, Jiuwei Cui, Renhua Guo, Zhigang Han, Zhendong Chen, Jin Liang, Wu Zhuang, Xingsheng Hu, Aimin Zang, Yi Zhang, Shundong Cang, Yuanbo Lan, Xi Chen, Laiyu Liu, Xingya Li, Jun Chen, Rui Ma, Yanzhen Guo, Ping Sun, Panwen Tian, Yueyin Pan, Zhe Liu, Peiguo Cao, Lieming Ding, Yang Wang, Xiaobin Yuan, Pengxiang Wu
Summary: This phase 3 trial compared the efficacy and safety of befotertinib with icotinib as a first-line treatment for patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC. The study found that befotertinib demonstrated superior efficacy in terms of progression-free survival compared to icotinib, although it was associated with more frequent adverse events.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Po-Yen Chen, Chin-Chou Wang, Chien-Ning Hsu, Chung-Yu Chen
Summary: This study compared the relative survival rate of gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib in EGFR-mutated advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients in Taiwan. Afatinib showed better overall survival and time to treatment failure outcomes compared to gefitinib and erlotinib, especially in patients with initial brain metastases.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
D. Planchard, P. A. Janne, Y. Cheng, J. C. -H. Yang, N. Yanagitani, S-W Kim, S. Sugawara, Y. Yu, Y. Fan, S. L. Geater, K. Laktionov, C. K. Lee, N. Valdiviezo, S. Ahmed, J-M Maurel, I Andrasina, J. Goldman, D. Ghiorghiu, Y. Rukazenkov, A. Todd, K. Kobayashi
Summary: The study indicates that first-line treatment with osimertinib-chemotherapy significantly prolongs progression-free survival compared to osimertinib monotherapy in patients with EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Gad Rennert, Maya Gottfried, Hedy S. Rennert, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Meira Frank, Ilana Cohen, Shiri Kelt, Abed Agbarya, Elizabeta Dudnik, Julia Dudnik, Rivka Katznelson, Moshe Mishali, Natalie Maimon Rabinovich, Hovav Nechushtan, Amir Onn, Shoshana Keren Rosenberg, Mariana Wollner, Alona Zer, Jair Bar, Naomi Gronich
Summary: The study showed that TKIs provided to EGFR mutated advanced NSCLC patients resulted in significant survival benefits for at least five years, but treating non-EGFR mutated NSCLC patients with TKIs seemed detrimental. Squamous histology, smoking, male sex, and Arab ethnicity were associated with higher NSCLC mortality hazard.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Wang Chun Kwok, James Chung Man Ho, Terence Chi Chun Tam, Mary Sau Man Ip, David Chi Leung Lam
Summary: This study found that among NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations, the treatment regimen of using afatinib as the first-line therapy followed by osimertinib after T790M mutation significantly improved overall survival when compared to other EGFR-TKIs in the first-line setting.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Xiuning Le, Monique B. Nilsson, Jacqulyne P. Robichaux, John V. Heymach
Summary: The ARTEMIS study showed that combining the VEGF inhibitor bevacizumab with the EGFR inhibitor erlotinib can significantly improve progression-free survival in patients with EGFR mutant non-small-cell lung cancer, especially in those with brain metastases and the EGFR L858R mutation. This suggests the potential benefits of tailored use of VEGF/EGFR combinations in this patient population.
Article
Oncology
Chiao-En Wu, Ching-Fu Chang, Chen-Yang Huang, Cheng-Ta Yang, Chih-Hsi Scott Kuo, Ping-Chih Hsu, John Wen-Cheng Chang
Summary: This study reviewed the clinical outcomes and safety of EGFR-TKI treatment in lung adenocarcinoma patients with poor performance status and identified independent prognostic factors. The results showed that patients treated with 40 mg afatinib had better survival outcomes and dose adjustment was an independent prognostic factor for both progression-free survival and overall survival. This study provided evidence and prognostic factors for the use of EGFR-TKIs in patients with poor performance status.
Article
Oncology
Ying Cheng, Yong He, Wei Li, He-long Zhang, Qing Zhou, Buhai Wang, Chunling Liu, Andrew Walding, Matilde Saggese, Xiangning Huang, Minhao Fan, Jia Wang, Suresh S. Ramalingam
Summary: The FLAURA China study evaluated the efficacy of first-line osimertinib in Chinese patients with EGFRm advanced NSCLC, showing significant improvements in PFS and OS compared to comparator EGFR TKIs. Safety data were consistent with the known safety profile of osimertinib.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elaheh Mohammadnejadi, Nima Razzaghi-Asl
Summary: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the majority type of lung cancer, and its treatment remains a challenge. This study focused on targeting the epidermal-growth factor receptor (EGFR) to develop therapies for NSCLC. The research identified potential erlotinib analogues through computational servers and molecular docking. The aim was to find molecules that can overcome clinically frequent EGFR-TK mutants. The study provided insights into synthetically accessible small molecules with affinity for EGFR-TK mutants.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shaoxing Guan, Xi Chen, Youhao Chen, Guohui Wan, Qibiao Su, Heng Liang, Yunpeng Yang, Wenfeng Fang, Yan Huang, Hongyun Zhao, Wei Zhuang, Shu Liu, Fei Wang, Wei Feng, Xiaoxu Zhang, Min Huang, Xueding Wang, Li Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the effective predictor and alternative treatment for hepatotoxicity induced by gefitinib in non-small cell lung cancer patients using a multi-omics approach. It was found that the rs4946935 AA variant in the FOXO3 gene was associated with a higher risk of hepatotoxicity, particularly at high gefitinib concentrations. Functional experiments revealed that the rs4946935_Lambda variant impaired the expression of FOXO3, leading to an imbalance in autophagy and contributing to gefitinib-induced liver injury. In contrast, liver injury induced by erlotinib was independent of the FOXO3 variant and expression levels. FOXO3 mutation serves as an effective predictor for gefitinib-induced hepatotoxicity, and erlotinib may be a suitable and well-tolerated treatment option for patients carrying the rs4946935 AA variant.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Tingting Liao, Jingjing Deng, Wenjuan Chen, Juanjuan Xu, Guanghai Yang, Mei Zhou, Zhilei Lv, Sufei Wang, Siwei Song, Xueyun Tan, Zhengrong Yin, Yumei Li, Yang Jin
Summary: This study reveals the anti-tumor role of Fasudil in EGFR-mutation NSCLC and its mechanism, and demonstrates that combination therapy of Fasudil and gefitinib can be a treatment strategy for gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bo Yang, Lei Yao, Liankai Yang, Fang Zhao, Wenyan Zhou
Summary: This study found that miR-578 effectively reversed gefitinib resistance in NSCLC by regulating the expression level of SOCS2, providing potential molecular targets and clinical treatments for NSCLC patients.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Yosuke Kawashima, Tatsuro Fukuhara, Haruhiro Saito, Naoki Furuya, Kana Watanabe, Shunichi Sugawara, Shunichiro Iwasawa, Yoshio Tsunezuka, Ou Yamaguchi, Morihito Okada, Kozo Yoshimori, Ichiro Nakachi, Masahiro Seike, Koichi Azuma, Futoshi Kurimoto, Yukari Tsubata, Yuka Fujita, Hiromi Nagashima, Gyo Asai, Satoshi Watanabe, Masaki Miyazaki, Koichi Hagiwara, Toshihiro Nukiwa, Satoshi Morita, Kunihiko Kobayashi, Makoto Maemondo
Summary: The combination treatment of bevacizumab and erlotinib did not prolong overall survival in patients with metastatic EGFR-mutant NSCLC, but both treatment groups showed relatively long survival durations.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Carlotta Antoniotti, Roberto Moretto, Daniele Rossini, Gianluca Masi, Alfredo Falcone, Chiara Cremolini
Summary: The primary goals of post-progression treatments in mCRC are prolonging survival, achieving symptoms palliation, and preserving quality of life. Tailoring the optimal second-line therapy is increasingly important, considering various factors including patient and disease-related characteristics, as well as the first-line treatment received.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Filippo Pietrantonio, Giovanni Fuca, Daniele Rossini, Hans-Joachim Schmoll, Johanna C. Bendell, Federica Morano, Carlotta Antoniotti, Salvatore Corallo, Beatrice Borelli, Alessandra Raimondi, Federica Marmorino, Monica Niger, Alessandra Boccaccino, Gianluca Masi, Sara Lonardi, Luca Boni, Filippo De Braud, Maria Di Bartolomeo, Alfredo Falcone, Chiara Cremolini
Summary: The study compared FOLFOXIRI-bevacizumab with FOLFOX-panitumumab in left-sided RAS/BRAF wild-type mCRC and found no significant differences in outcomes, but a numerically superior survival outcome with FOLFOXIRI-bevacizumab. Chemotherapy-related adverse events were more frequent in the FOLFOXIRI-bevacizumab group, suggesting that while doublet chemotherapy plus anti-EGFRs remain the preferred treatment option, FOLFOXIRI-bevacizumab is a valuable alternative with potential better outcomes.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mitsukuni Suenaga, Marta Schirripa, Shu Cao, Wu Zhang, Chiara Cremolini, Sara Lonardi, Satoshi Okazaki, Martin D. Berger, Yuji Miyamoto, Shivani Soni, Afsaneh Barzi, Toshiharu Yamaguchi, Fotios Loupakis, Alfredo Falcone, Heinz-Josef Lenz
Summary: SNPs in MS4A12 and CDX2 may serve as predictive biomarkers for the response to oxaliplatin-based treatment in mCRC patients, especially in those expressing wild-type KRAS.
PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Silvia Catanese, Giacomo Aringhieri, Caterina Vivaldi, Francesca Salani, Saverio Vitali, Irene Pecora, Valentina Massa, Monica Lencioni, Enrico Vasile, Rachele Tintori, Francesco Balducci, Alfredo Falcone, Carla Cappelli, Lorenzo Fornaro
Summary: This study retrospectively assessed body composition parameters for 78 aGC patients undergoing palliative treatment, finding that VFA/SFA had a stronger impact on survival with higher sensitivity than sarcopenia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hiroyuki Arai, Shu Cao, Francesca Battaglin, Jingyuan Wang, Natsuko Kawanishi, Ryuma Tokunaga, Fotios Loupakis, Sebastian Stintzing, Shivani Soni, Wu Zhang, Christoph Mancao, Bodour Salhia, Shannon M. Mumenthaler, Chiara Cremolini, Volker Heinemann, Alfredo Falcone, Joshua Millstein, Heinz-Josef Lenz
Summary: The study suggests that SNPs of genes encoding RBPs may be associated with the prognosis of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with standard first-line chemotherapies, although some individual SNPs also show potential predictive value. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore the predictive value.
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
B. Borelli, E. Fontana, M. Giordano, C. Antoniotti, S. Lonardi, F. Bergamo, F. Pietrantonio, F. Morano, E. Tamburini, A. Boccaccino, D. Santini, G. Zucchelli, N. Pella, E. Maiello, A. Passardi, A. Zaniboni, C. Ugolini, G. Fontanini, A. Falcone, G. Nyamundanda, A. Sadanandam, C. Cremolini
Summary: The CMS and CRCA subtypes showed significant associations with PFS, PFS2, and OS in mCRC patients, with CMS classifier confirming its independent prognostic value in a multivariable model. An interaction effect between CRCA subtypes and treatment arm was demonstrated, with FOLFOXIRI showing more benefit in stem-like and mixed subtypes.
Article
Oncology
Roberto Moretto, Daniele Rossini, Veronica Conca, Sara Lonardi, Cosimo Rasola, Carlotta Antoniotti, Daniele Santini, Federica Marmorino, Gianluca Tomasello, Beatrice Borelli, Salvatore Caponnetto, Gemma Zucchelli, Alberto Zaniboni, Margherita Ambrosini, Angela Buonadonna, Laura Fanchini, Samanta Cupini, Gianluca Masi, Alfredo Falcone, Chiara Cremolini
Summary: The study showed that changes in CEA levels can accurately predict PD versus no-PD in mCRC patients. An increase of at least 120% in CEA from baseline was able to differentiate between PD and non-PD, with a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 78%. Using any increase in CEA as a threshold improved sensitivity to 93%.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Roberto Moretto, Daniele Rossini, Iolanda Capone, Alessandra Boccaccino, Federica Perrone, Elena Tamborini, Gianluca Masi, Carlotta Antoniotti, Federica Marmorino, Veronica Conca, Beatrice Borelli, Angelo Martignetti, Irene Pecora, Francesca Simionato, Samanta Cupini, Margherita Ambrosini, Paolo Manca, Filippo Pietrantonio, Alfredo Falcone, Chiara Cremolini
Summary: PARERE is a prospective multicentre phase II study aiming to validate the role of anti-EGFR retreatment in the treatment pathway of RAS/BRAF wt mCRC patients selected through ct-DNA analysis in liquid biopsy, with results expected by the end of 2023.
CLINICAL COLORECTAL CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Roberto Moretto, Andrew Elliott, Jian Zhang, Hiroyuki Arai, Marco Maria Germani, Veronica Conca, Joanne Xiu, Phillip Stafford, Matthew Oberley, Jim Abraham, David Spetzler, Daniele Rossini, Carlotta Antoniotti, John Marshall, Anthony Shields, Gilberto Lopes, Sara Lonardi, Filippo Pietrantonio, Gianluca Tomasello, Alessandro Passardi, Emiliano Tamburini, Daniele Santini, Giuseppe Aprile, Gianluca Masi, Alfredo Falcone, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Michael Korn, Chiara Cremolini
Summary: The study revealed that tumors with homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) in colorectal cancer are more common in the microsatellite instable-high or deficient mismatch repair group, with specific molecular characteristics. Furthermore, HRD tumors in the homologous recombination proficient group are more likely to exhibit high tumor mutational burden, PD-L1 positivity, and other specific features.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Alice Usai, Gregorio Di Franco, Margherita Piccardi, Perla Cateni, Luca Emanuele Pollina, Caterina Vivaldi, Enrico Vasile, Niccola Funel, Matteo Palmeri, Luciana Dente, Alfredo Falcone, Dimitri Giunchi, Alessandro Massolo, Vittoria Raffa, Luca Morelli
Summary: The study demonstrates that the zPDX model may predict patient outcomes in PDAC, dividing them into responders and non-responders. The non-responder group showed a significantly higher cancer recurrence rate at 1 year after surgery. The findings suggest that zPDX could potentially be a promising tool for personalized oncological treatment of PDAC patients.
Review
Oncology
Gunnar Folprecht, Erika Martinelli, Thibault Mazard, Dominik P. Modest, Akihito Tsuji, Regina Esser, Chiara Cremolini, Alfredo Falcone
Summary: Triplet chemotherapy regimens in combination with anti-EGFR agents or bevacizumab are recommended standard treatments for unresectable mCRC. While the dosing schedule of FOLFOXIRI with bevacizumab is established, the optimal dosing with anti-EGFR agents is still unknown. Clinical trials have shown improved survival and response rates with FOLFOXIRI, alone or combined with bevacizumab, for mCRC patients, and promising results with anti-EGFR agents.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Matteo Bianchini, Maria Anita Giambelluca, Maria Concetta Scavuzzo, Gregorio Di Franco, Simone Guadagni, Matteo Palmeri, Niccolo Furbetta, Desiree Gianardi, Niccola Funel, Claudio Ricci, Raffaele Gaeta, Luca Emanuele Pollina, Alfredo Falcone, Caterina Vivaldi, Giulio Di Candio, Francesca Biagioni, Carla Letizia Busceti, Luca Morelli, Francesco Fornai
Summary: The study revealed significantly higher expression of PrPc in PDAC cells compared to control, mainly localized in the nucleus. Preliminary clinical data confirmed a correlation between PrPc expression and poorer prognosis.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
D. Rossini, A. Boccaccino, A. Sbrana, F. Daniel, B. Borelli, A. Raimondi, D. Santini, V Conca, G. Tomasello, S. Caponnetto, F. Marmorino, A. Zaniboni, A. Buonadonna, G. Masi, S. Lonardi, F. Pietrantonio, A. Falcone, A. Antonuzzo, C. Cremolini
Summary: The studies analyzed the incidence and dynamics of neutropenia and febrile neutropenia in metastatic colorectal cancer patients receiving FOLFOXIRI/ bevacizumab, revealing a higher risk compared to other treatments, with older females being more susceptible to neutropenia.
Review
Oncology
P. Conte, P. A. Ascierto, G. Patelli, R. Danesi, A. Vanzulli, F. Sandomenico, P. Tarsia, A. Cattelan, A. Comes, M. De Laurentiis, A. Falcone, D. Regge, L. Richeldi, S. Siena
Summary: Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DIILD) is a form of interstitial lung disease resulting from exposure to drugs causing inflammation and possibly interstitial fibrosis. Antineoplastic drugs are the primary cause of DIILD, but there are currently no specific guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of DIILD caused by anticancer drugs.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alessandro Brancatella, Isabella Lupi, Lucia Montanelli, Debora Ricci, Nicola Viola, Daniele Sgro, Lucia Antonangeli, Chiara Sardella, Sandra Brogioni, Paolo Piaggi, Eleonora Molinaro, Francesca Bianchi, Michele Aragona, Andrea Antonuzzo, Andrea Sbrana, Maurizio Lucchesi, Antonio Chella, Alfredo Falcone, Stefano del Prato, Rossella Elisei, Claudio Marcocci, Patrizio Caturegli, Ferruccio Santini, Francesco Latrofa
Summary: Thyrotoxicosis secondary to immune checkpoint inhibitors can present in different forms, with some patients requiring methimazole treatment for persistent hyperthyroidism while others experience transient thyrotoxicosis followed by hypothyroidism or euthyroidism. Thyroid ultrasound and scintigraphy play important roles in differentiating and managing these two forms of iatrogenic thyrotoxicosis.
JOURNAL OF THE ENDOCRINE SOCIETY
(2021)