Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Megan L. Sullivan, Gene Wijffels, A. George, Yousef A. Al-Hosni, Joseph C. W. Olm, John B. Gaughan
Summary: This study conducted experiments in climate-controlled rooms and found that feedlot steers are physiologically capable of dealing with moderate heatwave conditions. The research is of great significance for managing feedlot animals after heatwaves.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ivan L. Campos, Tatiane C. S. Chud, Gerson A. Oliveira, Christine F. Baes, Angela Canovas, Flavio S. Schenkel
Summary: This study estimated the genetic parameters for heat tolerance of milk, fat, and protein yields in Canadian Holstein cows. The results showed an antagonistic relationship between production level and heat tolerance, but the correlation was moderate, indicating the possibility of selecting animals with high genetic merit for production and heat tolerance.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lucas R. Koester, Kris Hayman, Chiron J. Anderson, Bienvenido W. Tibbs-Cortes, Karrie M. Daniels, Faith M. Seggerman, Patrick J. Gorden, Mark Lyte, Stephan Schmitz-Esser
Summary: Mitigating the effects of heat stress on livestock is crucial for their health and performance. One method is to enhance feed palatability by adding artificial sweeteners, although their impact on the rumen microbial communities is not fully understood. This study found that supplementing dairy cattle's diet with a saccharin-based sweetener did not affect their performance during heat stress, but it did lead to changes in the rumen microbial communities. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of artificial sweeteners in mitigating stress conditions for livestock and their effects on microbial communities.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Nicolo P. P. Macciotta, Corrado Dimauro, Lorenzo Degano, Daniele Vicario, Alberto Cesarani
Summary: Heat stress during pregnancy can lead to physiological and metabolic changes in the offspring of animals, as a result of epigenetic reprogramming of the genome. This study investigated the transgenerational effects of heat stress in Italian Simmental cows. The birth months of the dam and granddam, as well as the temperature-humidity index during pregnancy, were found to affect breeding values for dairy traits in the daughters and granddaughters. The findings suggest an epigenetic inheritance due to environmental stressors in Italian Simmental cattle.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Chunbo Wei, Tao He, Xuanchen Wan, Siwen Liu, Yibo Dong, Yongli Qu
Summary: This paper conducts a meta-analysis to evaluate the influence of rumen-protected methionine (RPM) on milk yield and milk compositions of dairy cows. The results indicate that adding RPM can improve milk fat and protein concentrations, but does not significantly affect milk yield and lactose concentration. The effects are more pronounced in high-protein feed.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Mohsen Danesh Mesgaran, Hassan Kargar, Rieke Janssen, Sadjad Danesh Mesgaran, Aghil Ghesmati, Amirmansour Vatankhah
Summary: This study investigated the impact of a rumen-protected zinc-methionine complex on high-producing dairy cows during a heat stress period. The results showed that supplementing with the zinc-methionine complex maintained milk production and composition, improved oxidative and immune status.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xu Ji, Huili Tong, Robert Settlage, Wen Yao, Honglin Jiang
Summary: The study successfully established a bovine rumen epithelial cell line named BREC1, which serves as a convenient and suitable model for studying proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, nutrient transport, metabolism, and barrier function in rumen epithelium.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yanjiao Li, Yitian Zang, Xianghui Zhao, Lin Liu, Qinghua Qiu, Kehui Ouyang, Mingren Qu
Summary: The study on the microbial composition and function in rumen fluid samples of heat-stressed beef cattle treated with CrPyr revealed that CrPyr administration increased the expression of enzymes involved in specific metabolic pathways, which may help decrease oxidative stress, regulate energy metabolism, and improve rumen fermentation characteristics.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Xiaopeng Qu, Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza, Yanqing Zhao, Jiahan Deng, Jing Ma, Juze Wang, Nada Alkhorayef, Samia S. Alkhalil, Sameer D. Pant, Hongtao Lei, Linsen Zan
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing cattle feed with tea saponins on ruminal bacteria and fungi. Results show that tea saponin supplementation can increase the proportion of total volatile fatty acids and propionate in the rumen, decrease bacterial diversity, and have a significant impact on the relative abundance of certain bacteria. These findings provide a theoretical basis for using tea saponins instead of antibiotics to promote cattle growth.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Raul Rivera-Chacon, Ezequias Castillo-Lopez, Sara Ricci, Renee M. Petri, Nicole Reisinger, Qendrim Zebeli
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of phytogenic feed additives on subacute ruminal acidosis and found that adding phytogenic compounds to acidogenic diets can reduce the risk of the disease and improve rumen fermentation. Additionally, phytogenic supplementation also reduces inflammation.
Article
Agronomy
Rafael Rodriguez-Venegas, Cesar A. Meza-Herrera, Pedro A. Robles-Trillo, Oscar Angel-Garcia, Jesus S. Rivas-Madero, Rafael Rodriguez-Martinez
Summary: This study characterized the environmental-climatic trends in the largest dairy cattle intensive production cluster under arid land conditions in northern Mexico. The results showed that heat stress has a negative impact on milk production in dairy cows and exhibits significant seasonal and annual variations.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rodrigo A. Arias, Terry L. Mader
Summary: This study used climatic data from different years and experiments conducted in Nebraska to estimate comfort thermal indices and predict the risk of heat stress. The results showed correlations between tympanic temperature (TT) and THIPST and THIadj, as well as correlations between respiration rate (RR) and THI, THIadj, and HLI. Thermal comfort indices were positively correlated with TT, especially THIPST. However, weak relationships were observed between thermal indices and RR, confirming the different roles of TT and RR as heat stress indicators. THIPST was found to be the best index for predicting TT.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mario A. Carvajal, Alberto J. Alaniz, Constanza Gutierrez-Gomez, Pablo M. Vergara, Veerasamy Sejian, Francisco Bozinovic
Summary: In recent decades, rising temperatures have severely affected livestock due to heat stress, with approximately 7% of the global cattle population currently exposed to dangerous heat conditions, projected to increase to about 48% by 2100. Tropical countries are expected to face an early increase in heat exposure, with a negative correlation between heat exposure and socioeconomic variables, highlighting the urgent need for effective abatement strategies.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yalei Cui, Hua Liu, Zimin Gao, Junying Xu, Boshuai Liu, Ming Guo, Xu Yang, Jiakuan Niu, Xiaoyan Zhu, Sen Ma, Defeng Li, Yu Sun, Yinghua Shi
Summary: It has been found that compared to corn straw silage, whole-plant corn silage can improve the growth performance and rumen fermentation of beef cattle. This improvement is achieved by altering the rumen microbiota and regulating the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, and nucleotides.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Gaston F. Alfaro, Sandra L. Rodriguez-Zas, Bruce R. Southey, Russell B. Muntifering, Soren P. Rodning, Wilmer J. Pacheco, Sonia J. Moisa
Summary: Fescue toxicity in cattle is caused by consuming fungal endophyte-infected tall fescue, leading to vasoconstriction due to ergot alkaloids. This study aimed to analyze the impact of ergot alkaloid detoxification and genetic testing for fescue toxicity tolerance in growing beef cattle, as well as the use of rumen-protected niacin as a potential alleviator for vasoconstriction. Results suggest that susceptible heifer offspring may have a more active detox metabolism under fescue toxicity, and the findings could serve as a tool to help beef cattle producers mitigate the adverse effects of fescue toxicity.
Review
Biophysics
G. D. Vandana, V Sejian, A. M. Lees, P. Pragna, M. Silpa, Shane K. Maloney
Summary: Globally, the poultry industry is increasingly important in agriculture, but heat stress negatively impacts poultry production, especially in tropical regions. Strategies such as genetic, management, and nutritional interventions can mitigate the negative effects of heat stress and improve poultry production.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Karike Olivier, Lauren A. Reinders, Michael W. Clarke, Rachael C. Crew, Gavin Pereira, Shane K. Maloney, Caitlin S. Wyrwoll
Summary: This study highlighted the direct effects of temperature conditions on pregnancy health, showing that maternal responses to heat exposure can impact fetal development and restrict placental growth. Additionally, differences in food intake and nesting behavior during pregnancy between standard housing and thermoneutral zone conditions emphasize the need for caution when extrapolating from animal models to humans.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lorelle A. Barrett, Shane K. Maloney, Dominique Blache
Summary: In an experiment on laying ducks involving an increased workload to access the nest, it was found that higher workloads and inability to access the nest had an impact on stress-induced hyperthermia, but not on egg corticosterone. The act of laying eggs in ducks may be due to frustration from the inability to access their preferred nest, leading to stress-induced hyperthermia.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Luoyang Ding, Shane K. Maloney, Mengzhi Wang, Jennifer Rodger, Lianmin Chen, Dominique Blache
Summary: The study identified 8 SNPs associated with temperament differences in Merino sheep, with several SNPs in strong linkage disequilibrium and associated with behavioral phenotype in nonselected sheep. Additionally, a SNP in HTR2A was also found to be associated with the behavioral phenotype.
GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jinying Zhang, Shuhan Qian, Jiahao Chen, Luoyang Ding, Mengzhi Wang, Shane K. Maloney, Dominique Blache
Summary: The study found that selection for calm temperament in Hu ram lambs leads to better health, slaughter, and carcass traits.
Review
Biology
Andrea Fuller, Duncan Mitchell, Shane K. Maloney, Robyn S. Hetem, Vinicius F. C. Fonseca, Leith C. R. Meyer, Tanja M. F. N. van de Ven, Edward P. Snelling
Summary: Mammals in drylands are challenged by increasing heat loads, reduced water and food availability due to climate change, which affects their ability to maintain body core temperature stability and adaptability. Behavioral changes need to be implemented to reduce risks and costs.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jacqueline Baptista, Dominique Blache, Keren Cox-Witton, Nicola Craddock, Toni Dalziel, Nicolas de Graaff, Jill Fernandes, Ronda Green, Helen Jenkins, Sarah Kahn, Deborah Kelly, Mariko Lauber, Shane K. Maloney, Bridget Peachey, Ian Rodger, Jeremy Skuse, Alan J. Tilbrook, Frederick Rohan Walker, Kelly Wall, Sarah Zito
Summary: Australia implemented various measures in 2020 to minimize negative impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on animal welfare, including emergency preparedness plans and the formation of a national response group, highlighting the shared responsibility for animal welfare during crises.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Renee S. Willis, Patricia A. Fleming, Emma J. Dunston-Clarke, Anne L. Barnes, David W. Miller, Teresa Collins
Summary: This study aimed to assess the welfare of sheep during sea transport from Australia to the Middle East by monitoring their health and behavior. The results showed that environmental and management conditions influenced behavioral changes in the sheep, with Wet Bulb Globe Temperature being the most influential factor. However, due to limited records of diseases, it was difficult to accurately interpret the relationship between health and behavior.
APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Renee S. Willis, Patricia A. Fleming, J. Dunston-Clarke, Anne L. Barnes, David W. Miller, Teresa Collins
Summary: This study monitored sheep behavior, environment, and resources during two sea voyages from Australia to the Middle East. Results indicate that a comprehensive welfare monitoring protocol requires repeated daily sampling throughout a voyage. The findings are pertinent for developing a sampling strategy to assess sheep welfare during sea transport.
APPLIED ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Grace H. Goh, Dominique Blache, Peter J. Mark, W. Jason Kennington, Shane K. Maloney
Summary: Circadian rhythms play a crucial role in optimizing health by syncing physiological processes with daily environmental challenges. This study found that cycling temperature conditions can impact Drosophila melanogaster lifespan, modulating the expression of heat shock proteins and senescence markers. Additionally, cycling temperature conditions can also regulate the amplitude of clock gene expression in the flies, particularly affecting longevity in male fruit flies.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Grace H. Goh, Peter J. Mark, Dominique Blache, Daniel Binks, Rex Parsons, Oliver Rawashdeh, Shane K. Maloney
Summary: Temperature rhythms can modulate the amplitude and phase of clock gene expression in peripheral organs in vitro, but the impact of core body temperature (Tc) rhythms on gene expression in vivo is still unknown. This study found that altering Tc rhythms through diet can affect the expression of clock genes and heat-responsive genes in peripheral tissues, with differential effects observed in different organs.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ali Al Hamada, Ihab Habib, Mieghan Bruce, Anne Barnes, Ian D. Robertson
Summary: Brucellosis and toxoplasmosis are important causes of economic losses in small ruminants, mainly through abortions. A study conducted in northern Iraq found a significant increase in seroprevalence for Brucella and Toxoplasma over two sampling times, with animals that seroconverted to Brucella being more likely to lose their pregnancy. This research provides valuable insights into the impact of these diseases on reproductive outcomes in small ruminants in Iraq.
Article
Immunology
Ali Al Hamada, Mieghan Bruce, Anne Barnes, Ihab Habib, Ian D. Robertson
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of implementing an expanded annual mass vaccination program on sheep and goats in reducing brucellosis in Iraq. The analysis showed that this program can significantly reduce the spread of the disease and yield economic benefits.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cory W. Dugan, Shane K. Maloney, Kristina J. Abramoff, Sohan S. Panag, Elizabeth A. Davis, Timothy W. Jones, Paul A. Fournier
Summary: The study found that exercising under acute hypoxia may lead to a greater decline in blood glucose levels in individuals with T1D, increasing the risk of hypoglycemia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Georgia S. Kavanagh, Jason Tadi, Sydney M. Balkenhol, Alexander S. Kauffman, Shane K. Maloney, Jeremy T. Smith
Summary: Kisspeptin signaling depletion leads to increased adiposity and reduced energy expenditure in mice, as well as alterations in the regulation of core body temperature as well as circadian and ultradian rhythms.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Aref Maddahi, Adel Saberivand, Hossein Hamali, Farnoosh Jafarpour, Maryam Saberivand
Summary: Heat stress affects the fertility of dairy cattle, but supplementing vitamins E and coenzyme Q10 can alleviate its adverse effects on oocyte maturation and embryo development. Vitamin E was found to be more effective than vitamin C and coenzyme Q10 in improving maturation and cleavage rates, as well as increasing the count of blastocyst cells.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2024)
