Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yongpeng Jin, Qian Chen, Sunlin Luo, Lidong He, Ruiqi Fan, Siwei Zhang, Chunjiang Yang, Yiqiang Chen
Summary: A novel dual near-infrared fluorescence-based lateral flow immunosensor has been developed for simultaneous detection of zearalenone and deoxynivalenol in maize, showing high accuracy and precision. This immunosensor can serve as an effective method for monitoring mycotoxins in agricultural products.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Panagiotis D. Tassis, Nicole Reisinger, Veronika Nagl, Eleni Tzika, Dian Schatzmayr, Nikolaos Mittas, Athina Basioura, Ilias Michos, Ioannis A. Tsakmakidis
Summary: Deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) have negative effects on boar fertility. Modified forms of DON and ZEN, such as de-epoxy-DON (DOM-1) and hydrolyzed ZEN (HZEN), have less impact on swine reproduction. In vitro experiments showed that DON negatively affected specific parameters of boar semen, while DOM-1 had no harmful effects. ZEN, on the other hand, affected almost all parameters and decreased viable spermatozoa while increasing abnormal spermatozoa.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Celine Peillod, Marie Laborde, Angelique Travel, Amandine Mika, Jean Denis Bailly, Didier Cleva, Cyril Boissieu, Jean Le Guennec, Olivier Albaric, Sophie Labrut, Pascal Froment, Didier Tardieu, Philippe Guerre
Summary: The study found that decreased performance may occur in ducks exposed to a combination of fumonisins B (FB), deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN), but did not reveal any other interactions between mycotoxins in other variables measured.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jia Lin, Cuige Zuo, Tianzeng Liang, Yang Huang, Ping Kang, Kan Xiao, Yulan Liu
Summary: This study investigated the potential role of lycopene (LYC) in mitigating the combined effects of ZEN, DON, and AFB1 on the jejunum of mice. The results demonstrated that LYC alleviated jejunal injury by inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated ferroptosis and mitochondrial damage.
Article
Microbiology
Valentina Scarpino, Massimo Blandino
Summary: Enhancing FHB resistance in wheat is an effective method to reduce mycotoxin contamination. The study found that wheat genotypes with high deoxynivalenol tolerance can minimize sanitary risks, with the most FHB resistant genotypes showing the lowest contamination levels of various mycotoxins. An inverse relationship between deoxynivalenol amount and ratios of other mycotoxins was observed across all wheat cultivars and years.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Johan S. Saenz, Alina Kurz, Ursula Ruczizka, Moritz Buenger, Maximiliane Dippel, Veronika Nagl, Bertrand Grenier, Andrea Ladinig, Jana Seifert, Evelyne Selberherr
Summary: Feeding animals with high concentrations of mycotoxins altered the gut microbiome composition, with an increase in Actinobacteria peptides and a decrease in Firmicutes peptides, as well as an increase in proteins associated with ribosomes and pentose-phosphate pathways, and a decrease in glycolysis and other carbohydrate metabolism pathways. Additionally, high levels of mycotoxins increased the abundance of the antioxidant enzyme thioredoxin-dependent peroxiredoxin, leading to disruption in the gut microbiome structure.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guodong Cai, Sugan Xia, Fang Zhong, Shuangshuang Liu, Jianhong Gu, Yan Yuan, Guoqiang Zhu, Hui Zou, Zongping Liu, Jianchun Bian
Summary: The study demonstrated that both ZEA and DON worsened Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice and inhibited the activation of CD4(+) T cells and Th1 cell differentiation. DON had a more significant impact compared to ZEA, while the combination of ZEA and DON did not enhance toxicity.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Hongwen Xu, Liangzhe Wang, Jiadi Sun, Liping Wang, Hongyan Guo, Yongli Ye, Xiulan Sun
Summary: Mycotoxins are metabolites produced by fungi in food or feed that can be toxic to both humans and animals. Traditional methods for detoxification have limitations, leading to an urgent need for new technologies to effectively control mycotoxins. Microbial detoxification technology has been widely used in recent years due to its high efficiency, low toxicity, and strong specificity.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hua Cui, Songshan Wang, Xu Yang, Wei Zhang, Mengze Chen, Yu Wu, Sen Li, Li Li, Di Cai, Baoyuan Guo, Jin Ye, Songxue Wang
Summary: Reliable prediction of mycotoxin contamination in post-harvest wheat is crucial for improving its quality and safety. The study found that water activity plays a significant role in the relationship between mycotoxins and CO2 production. Prediction models for DON and ZEN contamination were established based on CO2 concentration, moisture content, and temperature. These models, combined with multi-parameter integrated sensors, formed an early warning system to minimize the risk of mycotoxin contamination in post-harvest wheat.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Valentina Scarpino, Francesca Vanara, Michael Sulyok, Rudolf Krska, Massimo Blandino
Summary: The study investigated the co-occurrence of various mycotoxins and fungal metabolites in maize food products and their fate during the dry-milling process. It was found that grain cleaning significantly reduced fungal metabolites, with different maize products showing varying levels of contamination.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guodong Cai, Fang Zhong, Qianying Cao, Yuni Bai, Hui Zou, Jianhong Gu, Yan Yuan, Guoqiang Zhu, Zongping Liu, Jianchun Bian
Summary: The complex microbial community in the food environment is a significant health and safety concern for humans and animals. This study found that ZEA, DON, and ZEA + DON can worsen disease progression by inhibiting the inflammatory response following foodborne bacterial infection. These metabolites may also disrupt normal biological functions, particularly causing abnormal ribosomal hyperfunction.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Ling Yang, Lihan Yang, Yuqing Cai, Yifei Luo, Hui Wang, Li Wang, Jingqing Chen, Xiaoming Liu, Yingjie Wu, Yinghe Qin, Zhenlong Wu, Ning Liu
Summary: Nowadays, companion animals such as dogs have become integral members of families and form strong emotional bonds with their owners. Ensuring the safety and nutritional adequacy of dog food is crucial for their health and well-being. However, common ingredients in dry dog food, such as cereals and plant-based feedstuffs, can potentially be contaminated with mycotoxins, which can adversely affect dogs' growth and metabolism. This review provides an overview of the mycotoxins found in dog food, their toxicity to dogs, and different detoxification methods. The aim is to serve as a reference for future studies in evaluating risk, implementing preventive strategies, and setting clear criteria for mycotoxins to minimize exposure, reduce harm, and prevent mycotoxicosis in dogs.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alina Mihalcea, Sonia Amariei
Summary: Crops can be contaminated by fungi producing mycotoxins, with over 400 different mycotoxins described so far. This study evaluates the prevalence of mycotoxins in corn and corn-derived products in Romania. Fumonisins were found to be the most prevalent mycotoxin, while zearalenone had the lowest presence. The levels of these mycotoxins were within the legal limits.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Antonio Bisconsin-Junior, Fernandus Lopes Silva, Lilian Regina Barros Mariutti
Summary: Edible insects provide a viable source of animal protein, but concerns over food safety arise with insect consumption. This study examines the main mycotoxins found in insects, strategies to mitigate contamination, and their effects on insect metabolism. Research indicates that certain edible insect species from Coleoptera order can be raised on low mycotoxin-contaminated substrates without impacting survival and development. Fasting and substrate replacement can also reduce mycotoxin concentrations in insects. Overall, this study highlights the importance of controlling mycotoxin levels in edible insects to ensure their safety for consumption.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Asmita Thapa, Karina A. Horgan, Blanaid White, Dermot Walls
Summary: Deoxynivalenol (DON) and Zearalenone (ZEN) are commonly co-occurring mycotoxins produced by members of the genus Fusarium, posing health risks to humans and animals. Their formation before harvesting makes them challenging to eliminate during food production. While the individual impacts of DON and ZEN have been well-studied, further research is needed to understand their co-occurrence and develop mitigation strategies.
