Journal
JOURNAL OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Volume 16, Issue 1, Pages 65-70Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8027.2011.00321.x
Keywords
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease; connexin 32; GJB1; promoter; 5'UTR
Categories
Funding
- Medical Research Council (MRC)
- Muscular Dystrophy Campaign
- NINDS/ORD [1U54NS065712-01]
- Department of Health's National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre
- MRC [G0601943, G0802760, G108/638, G1001253] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [G0601943, G1001253, G0802760, G108/638] Funding Source: researchfish
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X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT1X) is the second most common cause of CMT, and is usually caused by mutations in the gap junction protein beta 1 (GJB1) gene which codes for connexin 32 (CX32). CX32 has three tissue-specific promoters, P1 which is specific for liver and pancreas, P1a specific for liver, oocytes and embryonic stem cells, and P2 which is nerve-specific. Over 300 mutations have been described in GJB1, spread throughout the coding region. We describe two families with X-linked inheritance and a phenotype consistent with CMT1X who did not have mutations in the GJB1 coding region. The non-coding region of GJB1 was sequenced and an upstream exon-splicing variant found at approximately - 373G > A which segregated with the disease in both families and was not present in controls. This substitution is located at the last base of the nerve-specific 5'UTR and thus may disrupt splicing of the nerve-specific transcript. Online consensus splice-site programs predict a reduced score for the mutant sequence vs. the normal sequence. It is likely that other mutations within the GJB1 non-coding regions account for the CMT1X families who do not have coding region mutations.
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