Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wei-Ting Chen, Ting-Yu Yen, Yang-Hao Hung, Kuang-Yao Lo
Summary: This study demonstrates the sensitivity of second harmonic generation (SHG) to phosphorus (P) concentration in silicon (Si) ultrathin films and proposes a simplified bond-hyperpolarizability model to interpret the results. The model accurately calculates the SHG contribution from substitutionally incorporated P atoms and shows a high correlation to P concentration. The combination of anisotropic reflective SHG and the simplified bond-hyperpolarizability model provides a non-destructive nanophotonic method for analyzing crystal structure.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wei-Ting Chen, Ting-Yu Yen, Yang-Hao Hung, Yu-Hsiang Huang, Shang-Jui Chiu, Kuang-Yao Lo
Summary: A model based on the simplified bond hyperpolarizability model (SBHM) is developed to analyze the anisotropic reflective second harmonic generation (Ani-RSHG) on a three-period stacked Si/Si1-x Ge (x) multilayer. The model is used to study the change in Ge distribution and its gradient in depth by analyzing the Ani-RSHG spectra of the as-grown and annealed samples. The results demonstrate the potential of the model for characterizing the concentration distribution in stacked multilayered thin films.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hani Barhum, Cormac McDonnell, Tmiron Alon, Raheel Hammad, Mohammed Attrash, Tal Ellenbogen, Pavel Ginzburg
Summary: Large-scale kainic acid single crystals were synthesized and studied for their linear and nonlinear optical properties. The non-centrosymmetric zwitterionic crystallization, molecular structure, and inter-molecular arrangement enhance the second-order optical nonlinearity of the crystal. The crystals exhibit good transparency in a broad spectral range and show enhanced second-harmonic generation and broadband THz generation.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joonhyuk Kee, Kang Min Ok
Summary: Four chiral coordination polymers were synthesized with the aid of a newly designed chiral ligand under hydrothermal conditions. These polymers exhibit strong second-harmonic generation efficiency, which is attributed to the polarizable metal cations and synergistic effect in the donor-acceptor system.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tarcius N. Ramos, Laura Le Bras, Yves L. Dory, Benoit Champagne
Summary: Targeting the use of second harmonic generation (SHG) as a bioimaging technique, the SHG first hyperpolarizabilities (beta) of assemblies of benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide derivatives were evaluated using density functional theory. The calculations revealed that the assemblies exhibit size-dependent SHG responses, with a maximum 18-times increase in beta HRS for B4 when going from monomer to pentamer. The presence of iodine atoms on the phenyl core enhanced the intrinsic SHG responses, and the side chains affected the relative orientation of dipole moment and first hyperpolarizability vectors.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hendradi Hardhienata, Adalberto Alejo-Molina, Muhammad Danang Birowosuto, Amirreza Baghbanpourasl, Husin Alatas
Summary: This study reveals that in inversion-symmetric semiconductor materials, second harmonic generation (SHG) is attributed to surface dipole effects or bulk-related electric quadrupole or magnetic dipole effects after the disappearance of SHG from dipoles within the bulk. The results show that by incorporating the contribution from spatial dispersion, certain unexplained rotational anisotropy SHG intensity features for different incoming light wavelengths or optical penetration depths can be well reproduced.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Pierre Beaujean, Benoit Champagne, Stefan Grimme, Marc de Wergifosse
Summary: A new quantum mechanics methodology is proposed to compute the second-harmonic generation (SHG) of large systems, utilizing recent implementations for geometry optimization and evaluation of response functions, along with a new configuration selection scheme to reduce computational costs. The methodology was successfully tested on evaluating the SHG of proteins iLOV and bacteriorhodopsin (bR).
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Muhammad Fahid Asif, Rehana Bano, Robina Farooq, Shabbir Muhammad, Tariq Mahmood, Khurshid Ayub, Sobia Tabassum, Mazhar Amjad Gilani
Summary: This study investigates the electronic and nonlinear optical properties of five commercially available azo dyes using density functional theory methods. The results show that protonation significantly increases the nonlinear optical response, making these dyes suitable for practical applications in nonlinear optics.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Fan Yang, Cristian Ciraci
Summary: We present a theoretical study on second-harmonic generation from a singular metasurface, which strongly interacts with incident light and generates intense surface polarization, resulting in the generation of second-harmonic field. By using transformation optics, the calculation of nonlinear optical response is simplified, and the dependence on the incident angle is weak, making it potentially useful for all-angle harmonic generation. Furthermore, we investigate the symmetry dependence of second-harmonic generation in the far field and demonstrate an enhanced conversion efficiency under normal incidence by breaking the surface inversion symmetry.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shi-Qi Li, Chuan He, Hongsheng Liu, Luneng Zhao, Xinlong Xu, Maodu Chen, Lu Wang, Jijun Zhao, Junfeng Gao
Summary: 2D materials, particularly Janus III chalcogenide monolayers, show great potential for nonlinear optical response, especially second harmonic generation (SHG). In this study, the SHG responses of nine Janus structures were systematically evaluated, and GaInTe2 exhibited extremely high out-of-plane SHG response, making it promising for ultraviolet NLO devices.
ADVANCED OPTICAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shingo Toyoda, Manfred Fiebig, Taka-hisa Arima, Yoshinori Tokura, Naoki Ogawa
Summary: Mirror symmetries play a crucial role in fundamental properties and conservation laws, with potential magnetoelectric cross-coupling when both spatial inversion and time reversal are broken. The giant nonreciprocal optical response observed in SHG of CuB2O4 is due to interference between magnetic-dipole and electric-dipole contributions, showing the potential for nonreciprocal nonlinear optical functionalities in multiferroics and magnetoelectrics. Resonantly enhanced magnetic-dipole transitions contribute significantly to the nonreciprocity, maximizing the effect despite the inherently weaker nature compared to electric-dipole transitions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shivangi Shree, Delphine Lagarde, Laurent Lombez, Cedric Robert, Andrea Balocchi, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Xavier Marie, Iann C. Gerber, Mikhail M. Glazov, Leonid E. Golub, Bernhard Urbaszek, Ioannis Paradisanos
Summary: Efficient second-harmonic generation (SHG) occurs for crystals with broken inversion symmetry, such as transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers. Here the authors show SHG tuning in bilayer MoS2 - an inversion-symmetric crystal - mediated by interlayer excitons.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rachael Taitt, Mathias Urbain, Zacharie Behel, Ana-Maria Pablo-Sainz-Ezquerra, Iryna Kandybka, Eloise Millet, Nicolas Martinez-Rodriguez, Christelle Yeromonahos, Sandrine Beauquis, Ronan Le Dantec, Yannick Mugnier, Pierre-Francois Brevet, Yann Chevolot, Virginie Monnier
Summary: Hybrid nanoparticles consisting of LiNbO3 core coated with varying densities of gold nano-seeds were found to exhibit tunable nonlinear optical properties. The addition of gold nano-seeds resulted in surface charge reversal and a decrease in first hyperpolarizability with increasing seed density, indicating a dominance of the second harmonic volumic contribution.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Ermina Begovic, Carlo Bertorello, Barbara Rinauro, Gennaro Rosano
Summary: The SGISC has been developed to address dangerous dynamic phenomena in waves. Five failure modes are defined, and a multi-layered structure is adopted to check the vulnerability of ships against each phenomenon. Operational Measures are provided to reduce stability failures. This study provides an overview of Operational Measures and focuses on the application of the Simplified Operational Guidance (OG) for different vulnerable ships.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Lun Qu, Lu Bai, Chunyan Jin, Qiang Liu, Wei Wu, Bofeng Gao, Juntao Li, Wei Cai, Mengxin Ren, Jingjun Xu
Summary: Metasurfaces is an intriguing framework for nonlinear optics, offering compact design and flexibility in manipulating light. However, the nonlinearity is often limited due to the short interaction lengths with light. In this study, we demonstrate a record high efficiency of second harmonic generation using LN membrane metasurfaces, significantly improving the efficiency of nonlinear metasurfaces.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Husin Alatas, Ahmad N. Aziz, Hendradi Hardhienata
Summary: In this report, we derive the Pauli equation for a spin-1/2 particle and discuss the possibility of constructing a bipartite Pauli equation for two nonlocal interacting spin-1/2 particles.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Alexander Ebner, Robert Zimmerleiter, Kurt Hingerl, Markus Brandstetter
Summary: Recent developments in mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopic ellipsometry with quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) have greatly improved the signal-to-noise ratio and reduced the acquisition time for high-resolution spectra, enabling real-time in-situ monitoring in polymer processing.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hendradi Hardhienata, Salim Faci, Adalberto Alejo-Molina, Mohammad Ryan Priatama, Husin Alatas, Muhammad Danang Birowosuto
Summary: This study presents a novel theoretical analysis using the simplified bond hyperpolarizability model (SBHM) to approach the nonlinear tensor and compares it with group theory (GT). The analysis is based on a light-matter interaction classical phenomenological framework, requiring fewer independent parameters in the tensor than GT. This approach may open the path for similar analysis in other complex semiconductor surfaces and structures in the future, with potential applications to nanoscale surface characterization and real-time surface deposition monitoring.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Irzaman, Nurul Khomariah, Heriyanto Syafutra, Muhammad Nur Aidi, Husin Alatas, Hendradi Hardhienata
Summary: The study successfully deposited lithium niobate thin films on a silicon substrate using CSD and spin coating, exploring the impact of doping with lanthanum and niobium on the energy gap. The lithium niobate thin films exhibited a rhombohedral structure, with variations in energy gap due to different doping elements.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Aditya Wibawa Sakti, Setyanto Tri Wahyudi, Faozan Ahmad, Noviyan Darmawan, Hendradi Hardhienata, Husin Alatas
Summary: The effect of salt concentration on the transport properties of water molecules was investigated, revealing that as the salt concentration increases, the ion-water interactions become stronger, resulting in a lower diffusivity and a lower electronic band gap. This suggests the high potential of superconcentrated aqueous-based electrolytes for sodium-ion battery applications.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Article
Optics
Razvigor Ossikovski, Oriol Arteaga, Enrique Garcia-Caurel, Kurt Hingerl
Summary: An analytical model describing the polarimetric response of a depolarizing retarder with spatially varying retardance is presented, considering deterministic or random variations in the retarder parameters. The model provides mean values and uncertainties of the parameters, and its application is illustrated with experimental examples covering both deterministic and random cases.
JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yael Gutierrez, Anna P. Ovvyan, Gonzalo Santos, Dilson Juan, Saul A. Rosales, Javier Junquera, Pablo Garcia-Fernandez, Stefano Dicorato, Maria M. Giangregorio, Elena Dilonardo, Fabio Palumbo, Mircea Modreanu, Josef Resl, Olga Ishchenko, Guy Garry, Tigers Jonuzi, Marin Georghe, Cornel Cobianu, Kurt Hingerl, Christoph Cobet, Fernando Moreno, Wolfram H. P. Pernice, Maria Losurdo
Summary: In this study, we investigated the structural change and optical contrast during the amorphous-to-crystalline transformation of antimony sulfide. We identified two crystallization regimes and proposed applications based on our findings.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Liliana Tjahjana, Aurelien Olivier, Yuliati Herbani, Hendradi Hardhienata, Faozan Ahmad, Arramel, Dominik Kowal, Muhammad D. Birowosuto, Hong Wang
Summary: We successfully demonstrate the growth of gallium phosphide (GaP) segments within indium phosphide (InP) nanowires, forming GaP/InP heterostructure nanowires. The GaP segments show visible wavelength photoluminescence (PL) during growth, while the InP nanowires emit infrared light. PL mapping and polarization analysis reveal that the emission mainly comes from the GaP segments. The experimentally obtained band gap values are verified with band structure calculations. This study contributes to the tuning of emission and optical properties of GaP/InP nanowires for future applications in information and communication technology.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Optics
Yael Gutierrez, Dilson Juan, Stefano Dicorato, Gonzalo Santos, Matthias Duwe, Peter H. Thiesen, Maria M. Giangregorio, Fabio Palumbo, Kurt Hingerl, Christoph Cobet, Pablo Garcia-Fernandez, Javier Junquera, Fernando Moreno, Maria Losurdo
Summary: In this study, the dielectric function of crystalline 2H-GaS from monolayer to bulk was investigated through a combined theoretical and experimental approach. Spectroscopic imaging ellipsometry with micron resolution measurements and first principle calculations were used to determine the dielectric function. The applicability of the established dielectric function was further demonstrated through the analysis of the optical response of GaS layers grown by chemical vapor deposition. These findings provide guidance for the design of optoelectronic and photonic devices based on low-dimensional GaS.
Article
Physics, Applied
N. Rauch, E. Andersen, I. G. Vicente-Gabas, J. Duchoslav, A. Minenkov, J. Gasiorowski, C. Floetgen, K. Hingerl, H. Groiss
Summary: This study systematically investigated the impact of plasma treatment on Si wafers with native oxide using spectroscopic ellipsometry, revealing oxide growth, amorphization of crystalline Si, and the formation of a transition layer between SiO2 and amorphous Si. Nitrogen gas was found mainly implanted at the SiO2/transition layer interface in the form of Si3N4. The research concluded that a general ellipsometry model could be used for all plasma species due to low Si3N4 concentrations and its similarity in refractive index and absorption to SiO2.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
A. L. E. X. A. N. D. E. R. Ebner, M. A. R. K. U. S. Brunner, K. U. R. T. Hingerl, M. A. R. K. U. S. Brandstetter
Summary: The recent introduction of quantum cascade lasers (QCL) in infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry has significantly improved measurement times and signal-to-noise ratios, leading to the development of the first diffraction-limited micro-ellipsometry setup in the mid-infrared spectral range with a spatial resolution below 13.3 μm. Using the QCL's fast spectral tunability and phase-modulated polarization, broadband high-resolution hyperspectral Psi, Delta-cubes in the range of 900 cm(-1)-1204 cm(-1)) were simultaneously acquired in a scanning approach. The QCL micro-ellipsometer's spatial resolution was experimentally characterized and its capabilities demonstrated through the investigation of a polymer multilayer cross section and a 200-euro bank note.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael J. Haslinger, Oliver S. Maier, Markus Pribyl, Philipp Taus, Sonja Kopp, Heinz D. Wanzenboeck, Kurt Hingerl, Michael M. Muehlberger, Elena Guillen
Summary: Structural anti-reflective coating and bactericidal surfaces, as well as many other effects, rely on high-aspect-ratio (HAR) micro- and nanostructures, and thus, are of great interest for a wide range of applications. In this research, we developed a UV-based nanoimprint lithography process to master and replicate high-aspect-ratio nanopillars, achieving the smallest possible diameters for dense and isolated arrangements. The stability of the imprinted nanopillars was significantly improved by coating them with a 20 nm gold layer and an additional 20 nm thick layer of SiN. The UV-NIL replication of high-aspect-ratio nanopillars with tip diameters down to 35 nm was demonstrated for the first time, making them suitable for various applications.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Thomas Stoettinger, Bernhard Rebhan, Kurt Hingerl
Summary: This study investigates the impact of temperature, concentration, and oxide regrowth on the AlGe bonding layer during processing inside ultra-high vacuum. The results show that acceptable bonding results can be achieved below the eutectic temperature of 423 degrees C using in situ AlGe eutectic bonding process. Solid-state diffusion is sufficient to achieve high bonding quality even if the AlGe system remains in the solid state. The main feature of the bonding system, which is oxide removal while suppressing the oxide re-growth, enhances the quality of bonding compared to the regular ex situ eutectic bonding approach.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hendradi Hardhienata, Indra Ramdhani, Husin Alatas, Salim Faci, Muhammad Danang Birowosuto
Summary: This study presents a nonlinear phenomenological bond model analysis of second harmonic generation (SHG) in tetragonal ABO(3) structures using arbitrary input light polarization. The results show that the calculated SHG intensity profile aligns well with existing experimental data. Moreover, the study explores the effect of the incoming light polarization on the SHG intensity peak and the number of peaks. The research also highlights the contribution of spatial dispersion to the total SHG intensity. The findings provide insights into the nonlinear properties and photovoltaic performance of ABO(3) structures.