Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yonit Hochberg, Benjamin Lehmann, Ilya Charaev, Jeff Chiles, Marco Colangelo, Sae Woo Nam, Karl K. Berggren
Summary: Superconducting nanowires, originally developed for quantum sensing, can be utilized as a tool for searching for dark matter interactions with electrons. A recent measurement with a tungsten silicide superconducting nanowire device has provided new constraints on sub-MeV dark matter-electron interactions, establishing the strongest constraints to date on such interactions.
Article
Physics, Applied
Guanglong He, Haochen Li, Rui Yin, Labao Zhang, Daxing Dong, Jiayu Lv, Yue Fei, Xiaohan Wang, Qi Chen, Feiyan Li, Hui Li, Hao Wang, Xuecou Tu, Qingyuan Zhao, Xiaoqing Jia, Jian Chen, Lin Kang, Peiheng Wu
Summary: This Letter reports on a device that can simultaneously resolve photon numbers and positions using single-channel readout from superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs). The device utilizes nanowires connected in series with parallel resistors to produce response pulses with different amplitudes, following a distribution of 1:2:4:..., 2(n-1). Experimental results show that a saturated counting rate can be obtained at a low dark count rate, and 16 output modes corresponding to 16 states were observed in multiphoton mode.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Gregor G. Taylor, Dmitry V. Morozov, Ciaran T. Lennon, Peter S. Barry, Calder Sheagren, Robert H. Hadfield
Summary: In this study, the extended infrared single-photon response of niobium nitride superconducting nanowires deposited by atomic layer deposition was reported. The superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors based on 4.65nm thick NbN were characterized at 2.5K, demonstrating single-photon sensitivity from 1310 to 2006nm with saturated response at shorter wavelengths.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Philipp Karl, Sandra Mennle, Monika Ubl, Philipp Flad, Jing-Wei Yang, Tzu-Yu Peng, Yu-Jung Lu, Harald Giessen
Summary: With the rapid progress of quantum technologies, superconducting nanowire single photon detectors have become a better alternative to conventional avalanche photodiodes, utilizing resonant plasmonic perfect absorber effects to achieve high absorption efficiency.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Daniela Curin, Ignacio Francisco Ranea-Sandoval, Mauro Mariani, Milva Gabriela Orsaria, Fridolin Weber
Summary: The study investigates the influence of repulsive vector interactions and color superconductivity on the structure of neutron stars using an extended version of the field correlator method. By constructing a hybrid equation of state and exploring the possibility of sequential transitions in ultra-dense matter, the research aims to understand the mass-radius relationship and stability of hybrid stars. The findings suggest the existence of a new branch of stable massive stars with smaller radii compared to conventional neutron stars, potentially impacting objects like the high-mass component of the GW190425 binary system.
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Xing-Fen Jiang, Jian-Rong Zhou, Hong Luo, Liang Xiao, Xiao-Juan Zhou, Hong Xu, Yuan-Guang Xia, Xiao-Guang Wu, Lin Zhu, Wen-Qing Yang, Gui-An Yang, Bei-Ju Guan, Hong-Yu Zhang, Yu-Bin Zhao, Zhi-Jia Sun, Yuan-Bo Chen
Summary: The small-angle neutron scattering instrument at the China Spallation Neutron Source is equipped with a large-area He-3 tube array detector, allowing for the investigation of microscopic and mesoscopic structures of materials. The detector demonstrates high detection efficiency and resolution, providing stable support for numerous scientific programs.
NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNIQUES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Benjamin J. Lawrie, Claire E. Marvinney, Yun-Yi Pai, Matthew A. Feldman, Jie Zhang, Aaron J. Miller, Chengyun Hua, Eugene Dumitrescu, Gabor B. Halasz
Summary: The study demonstrates the robust performance of amorphous SNSPDs in high magnetic fields, which can be used as a magnetometer and thermometer, offering the potential for multifunctional applications of quantum sensors.
PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Maximilian Protte, Varun B. Verma, Jan Philipp Hoepker, Richard P. Mirin, Sae Woo Nam, Tim J. Bartley
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate the fabrication of micron-wide tungsten silicide superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors on a silicon substrate using laser lithography. We show the saturated internal detection efficiencies of different wire widths under illumination at 1550 nm. Both straight wires and meandered structures are demonstrated. Additionally, single-photon sensitivity is exhibited in devices up to 4 mm in length. Laser-lithographically written devices allow for fast and easy structuring of large areas while maintaining a saturated internal efficiency for wire widths around 1 μm.
SUPERCONDUCTOR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
K. Rostem, A. D. Brown, F. A. Colazo Petit, R. A. Kent, A. S. Kutyrev, S. W. Lebair, E. H. Sharp, E. J. Wollack
Summary: This article presents the detailed metrology of a superconducting Transition-Edge Sensor (TES) absorber-coupled bolometer array bonded to a variable-delay backshort, highlighting the design considerations for ultra-low-noise TES bolometers. The resonant absorber termination structure is used to achieve a spectral response over a wide bandwidth in the far-infrared. The results show that the backshort free-space delays do not change with cooling, and the cold deformation of the bolometer is mainly sourced from thermally-induced stress in the metallic layers.
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Swapna Lilly Cyriac, B. Bindhu, C. V. Midhun, M. M. Musthafa
Summary: This paper reviews the current status of nano structured silicon neutron detectors in consideration with their potential application in neutron spectroscopy, including a thorough review on simulation and experimental studies to analyze the response of Si based detectors to radiation induced imperfections.
Article
Optics
Hui Wang, Zhi-Jian Li, Xue-Mei Hu, Hao Hao, Jia-Wei Guo, Yang-Hui Huang, Hao Liu, Chao Wan, Xue-Cou Tu, Xiao-Qing Jia, La -Bao Zhang, Jian Chen, Lin Kang, Tao Yue, Qing-Yuan Zhao, Pei-Heng Wu
Summary: This study focused on the readout ambiguity of a superconducting nanowire single-photon imager and proposed a correction method by extracting multiple-photon detections on idle pixels. This method increased the dynamic range of the imager.
Article
Optics
Ling-Dong Kong, Hui Wang, Qing-Yuan Zhao, Jia-Wei Guo, Yang-Hui Huang, Hao Hao, Shi Chen, Xue-Cou Tu, La-Bao Zhang, Xiao-Qing Jia, Lin Kang, Jian Chen, Pei-Heng Wu
Summary: A kilopixel imager is developed by introducing an orthogonal time-amplitude-multiplexing method in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors. The readout is solely built in the nanowire structure to manipulate the hotspot growth and microwave propagation after photon detection. The experiment results show that the imager has high pixel fidelity and temporal resolution, making it suitable for single-photon imaging experiments in photon-starved conditions. This research is of great importance for the development of large-scale single-photon imagers in fields such as quantum measurements, remote sensing, and astronomical telescopes.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Catalin D. Spataru, Francois Leonard
Summary: This study investigates the properties of a nanoscale superconducting detector and explores two detection mechanisms. The results suggest that the most promising scenario is when the SC channel is weakly coupled to the leads and in the presence of a background magnetic field, where photoexcitation of a magnetic molecule can trigger a SC-to-normal transition in the channel resulting in a significant change in the device current.
Article
Optics
Jingyuan Zheng, You Xiao, Mingzhong Hu, Yuchen Zhao, Hao Li, Lixing You, Xue Feng, Fang Liu, Kaiyu Cui, Yidong Huang, Wei Zhang
Summary: In this work, a photon counting reconstructive spectrometer combining metasurfaces and superconducting nano-wire single-photon detectors is proposed. The prototype device fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator substrate supports spectral reconstruction of mono-color lights with a resolution of 2 nm in the wavelength region of 1500-1600 nm. The experiment results demonstrate its potential to be applied in scenarios requiring real-time measurement.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
John M. Martinis
Summary: This study investigates the impact of cosmic rays or stray background radiation on superconducting qubits by modeling the down-conversion process from phonons to electron/quasiparticles. The model predicts that a significant portion of radiation energy breaks Cooper pairs, leading to a suppression of qubit energy relaxation time. The author proposes a method to reduce this error mechanism by channeling energy away from the qubit.
NPJ QUANTUM INFORMATION
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Mattia Scagliotti, Matteo Salvato, Maurizio De Crescenzi, Neeraj Mishra, Filippo Fabbri, Vaidotas Miseikis, Camilla Coletti, Daniele Catone, Lorenzo Di Mario, Maurizio Boscardin, Paola Castrucci
Summary: The realized graphene/Si heterojunction device exhibits high sensitivity, fast response time, high quantum efficiency, and versatility in detecting various light sources, making it competitive and multifunctional in different applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mattia Scagliotti, Matteo Salvato, Federico Frezza, Daniele Catone, Lorenzo Di Mario, Maurizio Boscardin, Maurizio De Crescenzi, Paola Castrucci
Summary: Photodetectors based on carbon nanotube/n-silicon heterojunction show competitive performance with linear response in a large optical power range and fast response times, making them suitable for various technology fields.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Giulia Marcucci, Antonella Scherillo, Carlo Cazzaniga, Quentin Lemasson, Roberto Lorenzi, Massimiliano Clemenza, Maria Pia Riccardi, Daniela Di Martino
Summary: The study aims to analyze historical glass mosaic tesserae using non-destructive techniques to obtain qualitative and quantitative characterization of the glass matrix. Combining different non-destructive techniques is suggested for a comprehensive investigation of non-homogeneous real samples such as historical glass mosaic tesserae. The use of a multi-analytical approach is recommended for best practices in analyzing historical glass materials.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Carlo Cazzaniga, Antonella Scherillo, Anna Fedrigo, Davide Raspino, Francesco Grazzi, Christopher D. Frost
Summary: Archaeological artifacts can be analyzed using neutron activation analysis after neutron irradiation at the pulsed ISIS neutron and muon source in the UK. Monte Carlo calculations are necessary to evaluate detection efficiency, considering self-shielding effects. The technique shows promise for analyzing archaeological artifacts with unknown elemental concentrations.
Article
Archaeology
Jang-Sik Park, Francesco Grazzi, Antonella Scherillo, Vasant Shinde
Summary: Despite India being credited for early production of high carbon steel, not much is known about its contribution to the fabrication technique. Evidence from metallographic examination of iron artifacts from a site in India suggests sophisticated techniques were used to control carbide precipitation in high carbon steel, influencing its practical value significantly. Neutron diffraction analysis provided key information on thermo-mechanical treatments applied, showing that India had established a proper technique for controlling microstructural evolution in high carbon steel much earlier than the Damascus steel tradition.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francesco Armetta, Maria Luisa Saladino, Antonella Scherillo, Eugenio Caponetti
Summary: Two Monterfortino helmets recovered from the Mediterranean seabed exhibit unusual features compared to more common helmets of the same period found in underwater environments. Through a multi-analytical approach, the compounds constituting the helmets were identified and considerations were made about their metallurgy despite degradation of all metal. The differences in composition between the two helmets were attributed to the altered position of one helmet in the seabed over centuries. This microstructural investigation marks the first time the aging processes involved in the total oxidation of Roman bronze helmet metal have been reconstructed.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
E. Campagna, L. Piperno, V Pinto, A. Augieri, A. Rufoloni, A. Mancini, A. Angrisani Armenio, A. Masi, F. Rizzo, M. Salvato, G. Celentano, A. Vannozzi
Summary: This study demonstrates a method of obtaining epitaxial multilayer buffers through multiple successive depositions, reducing processing time and suitable for growth on metallic templates. The viability of this approach has been proven for the preparation of excellent superconducting films.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Pierluigi Debernardi, Jacopo Corsi, Alessandro Borghi, Roberto Cossio, Francesca Gambino, Stefano Ghignone, Antonella Scherillo, Alessandro Re, Alessandro Lo Giudice
Summary: This paper focuses on the study of debased quadrigati, a lesser-known area of Roman Republican early coinage. Through rigorous analytical investigations and numismatic classification, the paper establishes a clear correlation between series and debasement, shedding light on unknown financial and political facts pertaining to the Second Punic War.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matteo Salvato, Maurizio De Crescenzi, Mattia Scagliotti, Paola Castrucci, Simona Boninel, Giuseppe Mario Caruso, Yi Liu, Anders Mikkelsen, Rainer Timm, Suhas Nahas, Annica Black-Schaffer, Gunta Kunakova, Jana Andzane, Donats Erts, Thilo Bauch, Floriana Lombardi
Summary: One-dimensional moire stripes are discovered and investigated on the surface of three-dimensional topological insulator thin films and nanobelts. The local density of states in the stripes is found to be strongly enhanced compared to the bulk system. This enhanced density can promote strong correlations in the topological surface states, potentially leading to surface magnetism and topological superconductivity.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Massimiliano Lucci, Valerio Campanari, Davide Cassi, Vittorio Merlo, Francesco Romeo, Gaetano Salina, Matteo Cirillo
Summary: Measurements show that planar networks of superconductive islands connected by Josephson junctions exhibit long-range quantum coherence in specific branches. Comparisons with isolated counterparts confirm that the observed effects are attributed to the embedding of these branches in the networks.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Riccardo Bizzi, Valerio Campanari, Davide Cassi, Vittorio Merlo, Francesco Romeo, Gaetano Salina, Matteo Cirillo
Summary: This study investigates the charge transport in double-comb and star-shaped planar arrays by coupling superconducting islands via Josephson tunnel junctions. The structures are fabricated using a standard niobium trilayer technology with a superconducting transition temperature close to 9 K. Significant enhancements of Josephson supercurrents and energy gap are observed. The role of different graph topologies in regulating the singular behavior of synthetic graph-shaped networks is clarified through the complementarity between experimental data and theoretical predictions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON APPLIED SUPERCONDUCTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Riccardo Rossini, Daniela Di Martino, Toluwalase Agoro, Matteo Cataldo, Giuseppe Gorini, Adrian D. D. Hillier, Matthias Laubenstein, Giulia Marcucci, Maya Musa, Maria Pia Riccardi, Antonella Scherillo, Massimiliano Clemenza
Summary: This study demonstrates the use of non-destructive measurements to characterize a stony meteorite. Various techniques, such as gamma ray spectrometry, Time-of-Flight Neutron Diffraction, Neutron Resonance Capture Analysis, and micro-Raman Spectroscopy, were applied to identify the sample, analyze its mineralogical phase, and study the presence and distribution of certain elements.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Riccardo Rossini, Massimiliano Clemenza, Daniela Di Martino, Matthias Laubenstein, Antonella Scherillo, Maya Musa, Maria Pia Riccardi, Giuseppe Gorini
Summary: Non-destructive characterization was conducted on a stony meteorite, identifying its meteoric origin through low-background gamma-ray spectrometry and quantitatively analyzing its mineralogical phases with Time-of-Flight Neutron Diffraction. The results were validated using micro-Raman Spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy. This paper focuses on gamma-ray spectrometry to prove the meteoric origin of the sample and presents preliminary findings of Time-of-Flight Neutron Diffraction.
APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Valerio Campanari, Daniele Catone, Patrick O'Keeffe, Alessandra Paladini, Stefano Turchini, Faustino Martelli, Matteo Salvato, Nouha Loudhaief, Elena Campagna, Paola Castrucci
Summary: Carrier dynamics in polycrystalline Bi2Se3 topological insulator thin films were studied using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. The observed absorption bleaching signals can be attributed to electronic transitions involving both bulk and surface states in the complex Bi2Se3 band structure. The differences in rise times of the bleaching signals provide insights into the band filling dynamics and the efficient population of surface topological states by carrier-phonon scattering.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
E. Mafucci, R. Bedogni, M. Costa, E. Durisi, L. Menzio, V. Monti, O. Sans-Planell, L. Visca, F. Grazzi, A. Lega, S. Altieri, A. Scherillo
Summary: This article discusses the development of a compact neutron collimator within the ANET project, which allows for neutron imaging on accelerator-based facilities with the same performance as a standard device but on a much shorter length. Results from the INES facility at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory demonstrating the collimator's ability to work with both thermal and epithermal neutrons will be presented.
NUOVO CIMENTO C-COLLOQUIA AND COMMUNICATIONS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
