Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jing Yang, Yujie Ren, Jinsuo Lu, Hongpan Liu, Zhiqiang Zhang, Heliang Pang, Keomounlath Bounkhong
Summary: The study investigated a new PG-CuFe2O4 oxygen carrier for reducing lignite in Chemical Looping Gasification (CLG) process, successfully capturing H2S and producing syngas with high proportions of CO and H2. Experimental results showed that PG-CuFe2O4 had excellent H2S capture ability, with Fe3O4, Cu, and FeS playing important roles in the H2S capture during the reduction process.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ratnakumar V. Kappagantula, Gordon D. Ingram, Hari B. Vuthaluru
Summary: Chemical Looping Combustion technologies have the ability to capture carbon dioxide and are modeled using a specialized Fluidized Bed Reactor block in Aspen Plus. Sensitivity studies showed that solid volume fraction decreases with bed height and superficial velocity, while the height to diameter ratio of the fluidized bed is an important variable in reactor design.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jingchun Yan, Tianxu Shen, Peng Wang, Xianglei Yin, Xiao Zhu, Shouxi Jiang, Laihong Shen
Summary: An innovative fluidized bed thermogravimetric analyzer was designed to study the performance of oxygen carriers in chemical looping combustion processes, revealing that high-grade manganese ore with less silicon content is more suitable for industrial CLC pilots.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Andrea Di Giuliano, Stefania Lucantonio, Barbara Malsegna, Katia Gallucci
Summary: The European research project CLARA studied pretreated residual biomasses for chemical looping gasification. The study found that temperature increase positively affected devolatilization, with oxygen carriers showing more activity at 900 degrees C. Biomass pretreatments improved the H-2/CO molar ratio and decreased carbon conversion.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Beibei Yan, Zibiao Liu, Jian Wang, Yadong Ge, Junyu Tao, Zhanjun Cheng, Guanyi Chen
Summary: This study investigates the feasibility of chemical looping gasification (CLG) for the treatment and utilization of biogas residue derived from kitchen waste. It develops a novel oxygen carrier, Mn-doped Ca2Fe2O5 (MCF), and compares its performance to traditional Ca2Fe2O5 (CF) oxygen carrier. Results show that CLG with MCF demonstrates superior performance in gas yield, carbon conversion, and cold gas efficiency due to its oxygen uncoupling capability.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Huan Zhou, Guoqiang Wei, Qun Yi, Zheming Zhang, Yingjie Zhao, Yuke Zhang, Zhen Huang, Anqing Zheng, Kun Zhao, Zengli Zhao
Summary: Chemical looping gasification (CLG) of Yunnan lignite with Fe-Mn mixed oxygen carriers (OCs) was conducted to produce high-purity synthesis gas and reduce pollutant emissions. The Fe-Mn composite OCs exhibited oxygen decoupling characteristics and synergistic effects between active components, making them suitable for the gasification process.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Shen Wang, Xianglei Yin, Kolja Jarolin, Timo Dymala, Jiale Xu, Shangyi Yin, Maksym Dosta, Tao Song, Stefan Heinrich, Laihong Shen
Summary: The study reveals that the mechanical strength evolution of biomass pellets during CLG process is a gradual process from the surface to the internal structure. The penetration of oxygen carrier through pores and/or cracks, along with rapid volatiles release causing internal overpressure, are significant factors leading to breakage and attrition of the internal carbon skeleton. A thermal-damage model is developed to predict the mechanical strength of pellets during CLG process.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nhut M. Nguyen, Falah Alobaid, Bernd Epple
Summary: Iron-based oxygen carriers are a promising option for chemical looping gasification to produce syngas. Increasing operating parameters can enhance process performance, and there are differences in performance between iron ore and ilmenite under different conditions.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Birgitta Narindri Rara Winayu, Chun-Ta Li, Hsin Chu
Summary: Calcined ilmenite was used as an oxygen carrier in chemical looping combustion (CLC) and achieved high conversion rates. Increasing syngas concentration, operating temperature, and superficial velocity improved the reaction rate and oxygen carrier utilization, but the application of CO and CH4 caused carbon deposition and surface blocking. High redox cycles had a negative effect on the performance of the oxygen carrier.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Min Li, Laizhi Sun, Lei Chen, Hongqing Feng, Baofeng Zhao, Shuangxia Yang, Xinping Xie, Xiaodong Zhang
Summary: The combination of Fe2O3 and CaO as oxygen carriers showed the best activity for chemical looping gasification of biomass. The maximum syngas yield was achieved at a sawdust:Fe2O3:CaO mass ratio of 2:2:1 and a reaction temperature of 850 degrees C. Fe2O3 provided oxygen for gasification, while CaO absorbed CO2 and catalyzed reactions, showing good cycling characteristics.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhiyu Li, Xiaoshan Dong, Beibei Yan, Jian Li, Jian Wang, Liguo Jiao, Guanyi Chen, Sarwaich Ahmed, Yan Cao
Summary: This study investigates the crucial properties of oxygen carriers (OC) in chemical looping gasification and finds that LaCu0.5Fe0.5O3 exhibits the best gasification performance. The stability of OC is also evaluated through cyclic experiments.
Article
Thermodynamics
Genyang Tang, Jing Gu, Zhen Huang, Haoran Yuan, Yong Chen
Summary: Biomass-derived chemical looping gasification (BCLG) utilizes Ca-Fe oxygen carriers as catalysts to promote efficient lignocellulose conversion and hydrogen-enriched syngas production. Experimental results demonstrate the reaction mechanisms and synergistic effects of Ca-Fe oxygen carriers at different temperatures, providing insights for explaining their performance.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jun Young Kim, Zezhong John Li, Naoko Ellis, C. Jim Lim, John R. Grace
Summary: A jet attrition model has been developed to predict the evolution of particle size distribution in fluidized beds, showing good agreement with experimental results. The model considers fragmentation, abrasion, and material fatigue, with fitting parameters determined based on nonlinear least squares regression.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Kun Wang, Yunwei Zhang, Meng Xue, Ziyu Wang, Jiaze Xi
Summary: With the increasing demands on syngas quality, investigations on oxygen carriers, such as the proposed double-effect oxygen carrier in this study, have become more significant. The experiments and kinetic models demonstrate the stability and effectiveness of the oxygen carrier in enhancing gasification rate and capturing CO2.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Birgitta Narindri Rara Winayu, Bing -Hong Li, Hsin Chu
Summary: This study investigates the application of 40% Fe2O3/TiO2 as an oxygen carrier in chemical looping combustion (CLC) technology and examines the factors influencing its reaction rate. The experimental results demonstrate that higher reaction rates and utilization values can be achieved by increasing superficial velocity, operating temperature, and the concentration of CO or H-2 under different operating conditions.
MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Huang Yuqing, Xinmin Liu, Xiude Hu, Qingjie Guo
Summary: The modified resin was used as a multifunctional biological carrier for phenolic wastewater treatment in an anaerobic fluidized bed microbial fuel cell. The modified resin composite material was prepared by polymerizing conductive polyaniline on the surface and pores of macroporous adsorption resin. Various modified resins were prepared and characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area, and pore structure analysis. Molecular dynamics simulation was used to analyze the interaction forces and cohesive energy density, providing qualitative agreement with experimental data. When the modified resin with a mass ratio of resin to aniline of 1:0.6 was used, significant improvements in chemical oxygen demand removal efficiency, voltage, and power density were observed in the AFB-MFC.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Mei An, Qingjie Guo, Xianyong Wei
Summary: The reaction mechanism of H2S and Hg0 on CuFe2O4 with oxygen vacancy structure was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The results showed that oxygen vacancies enhanced the adsorption capacity of CuFe2O4 towards Hg, H2S, and HgS, and improved the energy barrier and thermodynamic stability of key intermediates.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ruotong Wang, Tuo Guo, Xiaoju Xiang, Yinmei Yin, Qingjie Guo, Yanxia Wang
Summary: In this research, solid amine adsorbents were functionally modified with sulphur-containing antioxidant 2-mercaptobenzimidazole (MB) to prevent amine group oxidation. The modified adsorbents showed a decrease in CO2 adsorption capacity of only 16.8% after 30 cycles, compared to a decrease of 63.2% for unmodified adsorbents. This indicates that MB modification can effectively inhibit the oxidative degradation of solid amine adsorbents and improve their antioxidant stability.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jianping Yang, Yuanyuan Na, Yingchao Hu, Penglin Zhu, Fanyue Meng, Qingjie Guo, Zequn Yang, Wenqi Qu, Hailong Li
Summary: Circulating adsorbents integrating elemental mercury adsorption and oxidized mercury decomposition/desorption processes were used for simultaneous adsorbent recycling and mercury recovery. The formation of granulated adsorbent pellets reduced elutriation in the system. La0.8Ce0.2MnO3 perovskite adsorbent was molded into pellets using an extrusion-spheronization method with microcrystalline cellulose (MC) as a pore-creating template. The pellets showed excellent Hg0 removal efficiency and durability in a wide temperature range, with slight interference from SO2 and H2O and enhancement from O2 and NO. The presence of pore channels in the pellets allowed for efficient Hg0 diffusion and in-situ retention during high-temperature burning.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Huifen Kang, Xintong Guo, Mei An, Qingjie Guo, Guozhang Chang
Summary: A combination of Ca-Fe and HZSM-5 catalysts was proposed to enhance the yields of aromatic hydrocarbons from pinecone pyrolysis. The performance of the catalysts and the mechanism of enhanced aromatic hydrocarbon generation were investigated. The results showed that the combination of Ca-Fe and HZSM-5 catalysts produced the largest peak area and highest relative content of aromatic hydrocarbons. The introduction of Ca-Fe components increased the yield of aromatics, especially benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Cheng Zuo, Xishi Tai, Qian Su, Zaiyong Jiang, Qingjie Guo
Summary: In the field of photocatalysis, loaded photocatalyst offers advantages of controlled morphology, uniform preparation, low cost, and easy recovery, making it a potential substitute for powder photocatalysts. In this study, TiO2 and Cu7S4 hybrid materials with oxygen vacancies grown on copper mesh were prepared. The enhanced photocatalytic performance of the material can be attributed to the synergistic effect between the interfacial electric field of the heterostructure and the abundant oxygen vacancies. This research provides insights into the design of S-scheme photocatalysts for efficient nitrogen reduction.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhuangmei Li, Ying Zhu, Na Li, Hui Zhang, Yuhua Wu, Ping Li, Qingjie Guo, Hongcun Bai
Summary: Understanding the reactive mechanism of coal thermochemical conversion is crucial for the efficient utilization of coal. However, the evolution of coal macromolecular structure, reactants, and products at particle and molecular scales remains unclear. This study used reactive force field molecular dynamics to uncover the reactive mechanism and nitrogen transformation during the combustion of HSW coal at microscopic scales. The effects of chemical equivalent and combustion temperature were investigated to explore the structural evolution, combustion reactants, and products. The results revealed observable changes in coal structure fracture during the continuous reaction. Furthermore, the study established the transformation networks of organic nitrogen in combustion and identified the pathway for the formation of HCN, NO, and NO2.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yunlei Zhao, Bo Jin, Zhineng Zhang, Kun Huang, Yakun Wang, Xiao Luo, Qingjie Guo, Zhiwu Liang
Summary: Using self-templated metal-organic framework (MOF) to develop efficient iron-based oxygen carriers is an effective way, but the effect of metal oxide-support interaction and crystal structure on the reactivity of MOF-derived iron-based materials is still unclear.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Dong Hun Lee, Daewook Kim, Yoo Sube Won, Jeong-Hoo Choi, Ji Bong Joo, Ho-Jung Ryu
Summary: This study investigated the flow rate of solids through the recycle chamber of a loop seal in a circulating fluidized bed at atmospheric pressure and temperature. Experimental data were used to derive relationships between the flow rate of solids and the pressure in the recycle chamber. The derived relationships were in good agreement with the measured data.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zhe Cui, Yang Sun, Wende Tian, Bin Liu, Qingjie Guo
Summary: This paper proposes a novel dynamic safety control strategy based on process modeling and complex risk computation to ensure the stable operation of the coal chemical looping gasification system (CCLGS). By modeling the CCLGS process and calculating the risk, it is found that the fuel reactor (FR) and air reactor (AR) have higher risk grades. Finally, a study on the dynamic control of FR and AR processes is conducted to evaluate the safety integrity level of pressure controllers.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xiangyu Gao, Xiao He, Yongzhuo Liu, Xintao Zhang, Xiude Hu, Qingjie Guo
Summary: In this study, a new method called chemical looping pyrolysis-gasification staged conversion (CL-PGSC) was proposed for the conversion of biomass. It involves the separation of chemical looping gasification into two stages: biomass pyrolysis and bio-char gasification. The results showed that Ca-Fe composite oxygen carriers can catalytically upgrade the quality of bio-oils during pyrolysis, while clean CO-rich or H2-rich syngas can be generated from bio-chars during gasification. The proposed CL-PGSC process provides a promising strategy for the full utilization of biomass.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GREENHOUSE GAS CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ziheng Han, Huifen Kang, Nini Yuan, Xintong Guo, Jingjing Ma, Qingjie Guo
Summary: Selenium pollution from coal utilization is a growing concern. Calcium-iron oxygen carriers and alkali metal ions have inhibitory effects on selenium, reducing its emissions. The retention mechanisms of selenium by Fe2O3, CaFe2O4, Ca2Fe2O5, and bottom ash were investigated. Iron-based oxygen carriers can oxidize H2Se(g) to SeO2(g) and release lattice oxygen to form an Fe-O-Se structure and retain selenium. CaFe2O5 showed the highest retention rate of 32.301%. Bottom ash gradually increased selenium retention, with alkali metal ions playing a crucial role. This study provides a new approach to selenium removal using oxygen carriers and bottom ash during chemical looping gasification.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chenglong Wang, Lerao Wang, Xumei Tao, Liang Huang, Zaiqing Yang, Qingjie Guo
Summary: Fe-MOFs@Fe2O3 composites were prepared using BDB plasma method with recycle of waste PET, showing high specific surface areas and a low electron-hole complexation rate. These composites exhibited good photocatalytic performance, degrading 99.3% of malachite green within 30 min under visible light. This method provides a new approach for recycling waste PET plastics and preparing new energy functional materials.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhaoxin Wan, Xiude Hu, Chengbo Li, Jiawei Zhang, Qi Wang, Long Fang, Linlin Zhang, Qingjie Guo, Deshuai Sun
Summary: SO2 and NO, the main precursors of acid rain, regional haze, and photochemical smog from coal combustion, can be simultaneously removed through advanced oxidation strategies. Two metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), FeBDC and CuFeBDC, were synthesized to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for the oxidation and absorption of flue pollutants. CuFeBDC exhibited efficient catalytic properties for the removal of NO and SO2 in PMS solution and could be recycled and regenerated.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mengdong Nie, Tuo Guo, Fangyuan Qiang, Man Wu, Yongzhuo Liu, Qingjie Guo, Yurong He
Summary: Controlling the metal-support interaction is crucial for the construction of efficient catalytic systems. In this study, different Cu-CeOx interactions were achieved by preparing CuO/MnCeOx catalysts with varying Mn content. The influence of Mn content on the performance of the catalysts during CO2 hydrogenation to CH3OH was analyzed, and the optimal Mn content was determined to be 20%. The catalyst with 20% Mn content (CuO/Mn0.2CeOx) showed the best catalytic behavior, with a methanol space-time yield of 0.25 gCH3OH gcat-1 h-1 at 260 degrees C. It had the highest concentration of oxygen vacancies and Cu0, as well as medium-to-strong basic sites, which were generated by the strongest metal-support interactions between CuO and MnCeOx solid solution. In situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier-transform spectroscopy evidence indicated that the CO2 methanolization over CuO/MnCeOx catalysts proceeded via a formate mechanism. These findings are highly significant for the development of new, efficient CO2 hydrogenation catalysts by controlling oxygen vacancies and surface basic sites through rational alteration of the metal-support interaction.
REACTION CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ri Zhang, Shasha Zhang, Mengyan Ding
Summary: A thin liquid film method is proposed to evaluate sand erosion in annular flow. This method considers the direct interaction between the liquid film and gas core, as well as the entrainment and deposition of droplets. The erosion rate is calculated by considering the effects of liquid entrainment and particle velocity decay. The method is fully verified by comparing with experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Suo, Xianheng Su, Wenyuan He, Xiaofei Fu, Zhejun Pan
Summary: This research investigates the mechanical properties of sandstone-shale composite through orthogonal experimental method and discrete element simulation. The results show that different lithologies and thickness ratios can affect the strength and fracture mode of the composite rock samples.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maurizio Troiano, Andrea El Hassanin, Roberto Solimene, Alessia Teresa Silvestri, Fabrizio Scala, Antonino Squillace, Piero Salatino
Summary: This study investigates the potential of Fluidized Bed Finishing (FBF) for square flat AlSi10Mg specimens manufactured via Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing technology. The results show that good finishing can be achieved using rotation-assisted tests, with a maximum reduction of surface roughness by 67%. Steel particles are found to be the most effective bed material.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Ningbo Song, Wanzhong Yin, Jin Yao
Summary: Seawater's dissolved salts and minerals have various effects on the flotation process, including influencing the characteristics and behavior of flotation factors, as well as affecting the surface of sulfide minerals. In most cases, seawater has adverse effects on the flotation of sulfide minerals, but these effects can be mitigated by adjusting the reagents.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kaiqiao Wu, Shuxian Jiang, Victor Francia, Marc-Olivier Coppens
Summary: In rectangular and cylindrical annular fluidized beds, pulsating gas flow can create regular bubble patterns, overcoming challenges seen in conventional units. This study provides new opportunities for modularization of fluidized bed operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuo Li, Huili Zhang, Jan Baeyens, Miao Yang, Zehao Li, Yimin Deng
Summary: The paper assesses the behavior of cohesive Geldart C-type particles when fluidized by air with the aid of vibration. It determines that mechanical vibration is a simple and effective method to improve the fluidity of cohesive particles during fluidization.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhenfei Feng, Qingyuan Zhang, Shanpan Liang, Zhenzhou Li, Fangwen Guo, Jinxin Zhang, Ding Yuan
Summary: A new micro/mini-channel heat sink (MCHS) with a combined structure of longitudinal and transverse vortex generators is designed, using Al2O3 nanofluid as the working medium. The study explores the effects of transverse vortex generator shape and longitudinal vortex generator angle on the hydraulic and thermal characteristics, comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency. The results show that the triangular transverse vortex generator improves the comprehensive performance and exergy efficiency. Combined with the longitudinal vortex generator, the MCHS achieves the best comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency when the Reynolds number is 742.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kostas Giannis, Christoph Thon, Guoqing Yang, Arno Kwade, Carsten Schilde
Summary: This study presents a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) methodology for generating realistic 3D models of particles. The method trains on 2D projections of particle images to predict their 3D shapes, and evaluates the accuracy of the predictions using Fourier shape descriptors (FSDs). This methodology has wide applications in particle shape analysis.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zheng-qing Zhou, Lu-jia Chai, Yu-long Zhang, Ya-bin Wang, Ze-chen Du, Tian-yi Wang, Yu-zhe Liu
Summary: The dynamic oxidation and shell-breaking processes of aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) during heating were studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that the changes in shell thickness can be divided into three stages, and the active aluminum content of ANP decreased before shell-breaking.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fulei Chen, Huaqing Ma, Zihan Liu, Lianyong Zhou, Yongzhi Zhao
Summary: A particle breakage model based on the particle replacement scheme, using the polyhedral model to describe particles, is proposed in this work to accurately describe the breakage of a large number of particles. Additionally, a fast-cutting algorithm is proposed to reproduce the size distribution of progeny particles determined by the breakage model. The validation and simulation results show satisfactory accuracy, efficiency, and stability of the algorithm.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Matteo Errigo, Christopher Windows-Yule, Massimiliano Materazzi, Dominik Werner, Paola Lettieri
Summary: Gas-solid fluidized-bed systems have advantages in terms of chemical reaction efficiency and temperature control, making them widely used in industrial applications. However, the design, scale-up, and optimization of these complex units are limited by the lack of deep physical understanding. Non-invasive and non-intrusive diagnostic techniques provide a way for researchers to study these systems without affecting the flow field or directly contacting the medium under study.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Saeed Fateh, Mohammad Behshad Shafii, Mohammad Najafi, Cyrus Aghanajafi
Summary: Applying a magnetic field to ferrofluids alters their flow characteristics and enhances heat transfer. Through visualization and quantitative investigation, it is found that the magnetic field influences the flow patterns and velocity profiles, improving fluid mixing and vorticity magnitude.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Gao, Bingbing Wei, Xiaochuan Hu, Zaifeng Yao, Yiwen Fang, Xuejian Gao
Summary: In this study, a numerical model of sand triaxial test was established using discrete element software PFC3D, and an indoor triaxial test was conducted to calibrate the numerical model. The influence of microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical response of sand was analyzed. The results showed that the friction coefficient had the greatest impact on the peak strength and residual strength of the sand's stress-strain curve, and it was positively correlated. The normal tangential stiffness ratio was negatively correlated, while the porosity and boundary flexibility stiffness had minimal influence on it.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xuan Liu, Jie Gong, Kai Jiang, Xiaojuan Lai, Yu Tian, Kang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to improve the performance of lignite coal water slurries (CWSs) by synthesizing a series of three-arm amphiphilic block copolymers. By controlling the relative molecular weight, hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio, and ionic group content, the apparent viscosity of CWSs was significantly reduced and the static stability was improved. Thermogravimetric testing and XPS analysis were conducted to reveal the mechanism behind the improved performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lanka Dinushke Weerasiri, Daniel Fabijanic, Subrat Das
Summary: Fluidization at low pressure offers significant benefits for the fine chemical industry. This study investigates the behavior of bubbles and bed expansion under low pressure conditions. It is found that lower pressure leads to larger bubbles, increased bubble quantity, and higher aspect ratio. The predictability is affected by the inhomogeneous fluidization, but low pressure fluidization can generate similar bubble sizes with lower fluidizing mass compared to atmospheric pressure.
