Review
Oncology
Ioannis Gkouveris, Akrivoula Soundia, Panagiotis Gouveris, Dionysia Zouki, Danny Hadaya, Sotirios Tetradis
Summary: Medication-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) is a significant complication of antiresorptive medications used in the management of bone diseases. Studies have shown that these medications may affect immune system components, particularly macrophages, and their involvement in the pathogenesis of MRONJ. Understanding the role of macrophages in MRONJ pathophysiology could lead to new insights for disease prevention and control.
Review
Immunology
Weidong Zhang, Ling Gao, Wenhao Ren, Shaoming Li, Jingjing Zheng, Shasha Li, Chunmiao Jiang, Shuying Yang, Keqian Zhi
Summary: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare but serious adverse drug effect, with hypotheses involving reduced bone remodeling, infection, inflammation, and bisphosphonates-induced immune dysfunction. Treatment with bisphosphonates disrupts mucosal and osteo immune homeostasis, impairing the body's ability to resist infection and repair from injury, contributing to the development of MRONJ.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xin Chen, Weiwen Zhu, Rongyao Xu, Xin Shen, Yu Fu, Jie Cheng, Laikui Liu, Hongbing Jiang
Summary: This study revealed that long-term use of bisphosphonates such as Zoledronic Acid (ZA) may lead to Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ) by inhibiting macrophage efferocytosis and promoting osteocytic apoptosis. Additionally, supplementing with geranylgeraniol (GGOH) can restore Rac1 homeostasis and rescue macrophage efferocytosis, potentially providing a new treatment approach for BRONJ.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alejandro Lorenzo-Pouso, Jose Bagan, Leticia Bagan, Pilar Gandara-Vila, Cintia M. Chamorro-Petronacci, Pablo Castelo-Baz, Andres Blanco-Carrion, Maria Angeles Blanco-Fernandez, Oscar Alvarez-Calderon, Javier Carballo, Mario Perez-Sayans
Summary: This manuscript critically reviewed the medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ), updating key terminology, concepts, and current trends in prevention and diagnosis, while examining therapeutic options available. By perusing relevant literature, the review updated the understanding of MRONJ, highlighting gaps in knowledge and emphasizing the need for further research.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Toxicology
Bhumrapee Srivichit, Chanisa Thonusin, Nipon Chattipakorn, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Summary: Bisphosphonates are commonly used in the treatment of bone and joint diseases, but long-term use can lead to osteonecrosis. Osteonecrosis is characterized by cell death and impaired cell functions, with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw being the most concerning condition. In addition to surgical treatment, non-surgical interventions have been explored to mitigate bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gabor Kammerhofer, Daniel Vegh, Dorottya Banyai, Adam Vegh, Arpad Joob-Fancsaly, Peter Hermann, Zoltan Geczi, Tamas Hegedus, Kata Sara Somogyi, Bulcsu Bencze, Zita Biczo, Donat Huba Juhasz, Peter Zaborszky, Marta Ujpal, Mihaly Tamas Vaszilko, Zsolt Nemeth
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between hyperglycemia and medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). The results showed a significant association between hyperglycemia and MRONJ, suggesting that hyperglycemia may lead to vascular anomaly and immune dysfunction, resulting in necrosis after tooth extraction.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luca Dalle Carbonare, Monica Mottes, Maria Teresa Valenti
Summary: Osteonecrosis of the jaw is a severe clinical condition characterized by exposed bone that does not heal over time. Diagnosis is primarily clinical with imaging feedback playing a confirmatory role. Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, particularly induced by bisphosphonates, has been widely discussed, but the exact mechanism remains debatable.
Article
Cell Biology
Wen Pan, Jianyu Gu, Shihan Xu, Chunmei Zhang, Jinsong Wang, Songlin Wang, Junji Xu
Summary: Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a serious complication in patients with osteoporosis or metastatic bone cancer. The study found that dietary nitrate, abundant in green vegetables, can protect against BRONJ-like lesions in mice. Nitrate intake increased plasma nitric oxide levels, reducing monocyte necrosis and inflammatory cytokine production. The findings suggest that dietary nitrate can inhibit monocyte necroptosis in BRONJ and promote bone remodeling after injury.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Krzysztof Wrobel, Maciej Sikora, Maciej Checinski, Maria Jas, Dariusz Chlubek
Summary: MRONJ is a condition that is becoming more common in dental and maxillofacial practice, requiring comprehensive, accessible, and up-to-date data. Besides bisphosphonates, angiogenesis inhibitors and anti-RANKL monoclonal antibodies can also increase the risk of the disease. Thorough physical examination, periodic correction of dental prostheses, and adequate preparation for oral procedures can prevent or minimize the risk of MRONJ.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Vy Ngoc Thuy Tran, Risa Chaisuparat
Summary: The study investigated the morphology and quantity of osteoclasts in MRONJ, showing enhanced activity and increased number. Presence of osteoblasts, inflammation, and bacteria correlated with changes in osteoclasts. TRAP-positive numbers and intensity did not significantly differ between MRONJ and other groups.
JOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Isabel Pennings, Alison Moskowitz, Gunjan Shah, Cherry Estilo, Joseph M. Huryn, SaeHee K. Yom
Summary: We report a case of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) associated with pembrolizumab, a rare yet potentially emerging complication. The temporal relationship and treatment regimen suggest an association between pembrolizumab/GVD therapy and ONJ development, with the possibility of thrombocytosis and anatomical factors playing a role. As the use of pembrolizumab is expected to increase, documenting such cases is important for informing dental treatment in cancer patients undergoing pembrolizumab therapy.
ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yesel Kim, Jeong-Kui Ku
Summary: This study successfully established a MRONJ rat model on the calvaria, which mimicked the characteristics of MRONJ and can be used for developing treatments for MRONJ.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hironobu Hata, Kenji Imamachi, Michihiro Ueda, Masashi Matsuzaka, Hiroaki Hiraga, Toshihisa Osanai, Toru Harabayashi, Katsuya Fujimoto, Satoshi Oizumi, Masato Takahashi, Kazuhito Yoshikawa, Jun Sato, Yutaka Yamazaki, Yoshimasa Kitagawa
Summary: The study aimed to clarify the incidence of MRONJ and the corresponding survival rate of patients treated with zoledronic acid for different types of cancer. The results showed that patients with shorter survival times did not develop MRONJ, and dentists need to be aware of prognosis-related factors to predict MRONJ risk for effective dental management planning.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Anubhuti Sood, Vivek Nayyar, Ajoy Roychoudhury, Ashu Seith Bhalla, Deepika Mishra
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the emergence of new variants of SARS-CoV-2 and the development of several post-COVID conditions. This report describes a new post-COVID condition observed in patients who have recently recovered from COVID-19 and have received high dose steroid treatment - spontaneous de novo development of steroid induced avascular necrosis in the jaws. This condition is distinct from previously reported medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws and further research is needed to understand its features.
ORAL SURGERY ORAL MEDICINE ORAL PATHOLOGY ORAL RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ioannis Gkouveris, Danny Hadaya, Naseim Elzakra, Akrivoula Soundia, Olga Bezouglaia, Sarah M. Dry, Flavia Pirih, Tara Aghaloo, Sotirios Tetradis
Summary: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a severe complication of antiresorptive or antiangiogenic medications. This research identified the overexpression of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) during osteocytic death in the early phase of MRONJ, and demonstrated the role of the HMGB1-RAGE pathway in promoting bone necrosis. The HMGB1-RAGE pathway may serve as a promising therapeutic target for MRONJ.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael Pazianas
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cesar Garriga, Michael Pazianas, Samuel Hawley, Antonella Delmestri, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, Cyrus Cooper, Andrew Judge
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2018)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Pazianas
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2018)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Michael Pazianas
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael Pazianas
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2019)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Michael Pazianas
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2019)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael Pazianas, Paul D. Miller
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Michael Pazianas, Paul D. Miller
Summary: Osteoporosis is just a part of renal bone diseases, and the terminology may impact diagnostic and treatment decisions. Due to the current inability to accurately distinguish osteoporosis from other forms of kidney-associated bone diseases, further research and exploration of new treatment strategies are needed.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES
(2021)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael Pazianas
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Michael Pazianas, Paul D. Miller
Summary: A major complication of chronic kidney disease is the derangement of mineral metabolism, leading to increased risk of fractures and cardiovascular mortality. Current therapeutic regimens are focused on reducing parathyroid hormone levels caused by secondary hyperparathyroidism, and the active vitamin D metabolite l,25(OH)(2)D, with limited success. It may be a more effective approach, however, if we could target the delayed response of parathyroid hormone in the early retention of phosphate following loss of renal function.
JOURNAL OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael Pazianas
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Michael Pazianas
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cesar Garriga, Andy Judge, Samuel Hawley, Antonella Delmestri, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, Cyrus Cooper, Michael Pazianas
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2017)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
N. P. Shah, S. Nayee, M. Pazianas, C. Sproat
BRITISH DENTAL JOURNAL
(2017)
Meeting Abstract
Endocrinology & Metabolism
C. Garriga, M. Pazianas, S. Hawley, A. Delmestri, D. Prieto-Alhambra, C. Cooper, A. Judge
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2018)