Article
Cell Biology
Sylvia C. Hewitt, San-Pin Wu, Tianyuan Wang, Steven L. Young, Thomas E. Spencer, Francesco J. DeMayo
Summary: The study demonstrates that uterine cells respond to estrogen and progesterone through their nuclear receptors ESR1 and PGR, with the involvement of chromatin structures. The organoids model provides insights into the regulatory mechanisms of hormone responsiveness.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhi Xia, Jian Xiao, Qiong Chen
Summary: Ovarian sex steroids can modulate new vessel formation, with progesterone regulating downstream factors with angiogenic or antiangiogenic effects. Synthetic progestins, structurally related to progesterone, have been used in studies and may lead to unequal actions, contributing to conflicting observations in research on progestogens.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
C. Allison Stewart, M. David Stewart, Ying Wang, Rachel D. Mullen, Bonnie K. Kircher, Rui Liang, Yu Liu, Richard R. Behringer
Summary: Female mice with an engineered Gnrhr E90K mutation have infertility due to disrupted gonadotropin-releasing hormone signaling. These mice have impaired uterine gland development during adolescence and show pathology in their uterine glands in adulthood. This study suggests that chronically elevated levels of estradiol and low progesterone disrupt postpubertal uterine gland development and homeostasis.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Hui-Hui Shen, Tao Zhang, Hui-Li Yang, Zhen-Zhen Lai, Wen-Jie Zhou, Jie Mei, Jia-Wei Shi, Rui Zhu, Feng-Yuan Xu, Jin Li, Jiang-Feng Ye, Ming-Qing Li
Summary: Menstruation is a cyclic physiological phenomenon controlled by ovarian hormones, and a proper understanding of normal endometrial physiology is crucial for regulating menstrual disorders. Autophagy in the endometrium, regulated by ovarian hormones, plays a key role in immune cell infiltration, tissue repair, and infection prevention during menstruation. Abnormal autophagy levels and dysregulated immune system function are associated with the pathogenesis and progression of endometriosis, suggesting the potential value of autophagy as a target for the treatment of menstrual-related and endometrium-related disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryosuke Kobayashi, Reika Kawabata-Iwakawa, Jumpei Terakawa, Makoto Sugiyama, Sumiyo Morita, Takuro Horii, Izuho Hatada
Summary: The precise control of endometrial receptivity is crucial for successful embryo implantation, which is regulated by estrogen and progesterone. The role of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification in embryo implantation was investigated using mice with conditional deletion of Mettl14. These mice showed infertility due to implantation failure, with aberrant upregulation of estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) signaling and activation of the innate immune pathway.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryosuke Kobayashi, Reika Kawabata-Iwakawa, Jumpei Terakawa, Makoto Sugiyama, Sumiyo Morita, Takuro Horii, Izuho Hatada
Summary: The precise control of endometrial receptivity, regulated by estrogen and progesterone, is crucial for successful embryo implantation. This study investigated the role of the m6A RNA modification in embryo implantation and found that the deletion of Mettl14, a core component of the m6A writer complex, in the uterus led to infertility due to implantation failure. It was shown that Mettl14 played a crucial role in regulating ER alpha signaling and innate immunity in the uterus for successful implantation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomasz Jasinski, Lukasz Zdrojkowski, Graca Ferreira-Dias, Ewa Kautz, Edyta Juszczuk-Kubiak, Malgorzata Domino
Summary: Endometrosis, a common disease that affects mares' fertility, is associated with alterations in epithelial and stromal cells, as well as degeneration and fibrosis of the endometrium. The study reveals a potential involvement of the NF-kappa B pathway in the pathogenesis of endometrosis, showing differential transcription of profibrotic genes between different phases of the estrous cycle. Additionally, the transcription of estrogen and progesterone receptors is found to be decreased with the severity of fibrosis and degeneration of the endometrium in horses.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Suni Tang, Dominique Cope, Yasmin M. Vasquez, Diana Monsivais
Summary: The biological processes that control endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation are critical for the successful outcome of pregnancy. Researchers found that the uterine epithelial BMP/SMAD1/5 signaling pathway plays a key role during early pregnancy and its deletion may lead to defects in endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation issues.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Hayder Mohammed Hassan Habeeb, Logan Kleditz, Timothy Hazzard, Cecily Bishop, Fred Stormshak, Michelle Anne Kutzler
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effect of PG-600 treatment on ESR1 expression in the ovine endometrium during early diestrus. Results showed that progesterone concentrations were significantly higher in the PG-600-treated group on day 7, while ESR1 concentration was significantly reduced. Therefore, although PG-600 may affect progesterone levels, it is unlikely to impair reproductive potential.
VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lin-Hong Li, Gang Shi, Jin-Bing Pan, Cai-Hong Wang, Min Zhao, Xiu-Ping Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR) in patients with thin endometrium. The results showed that patients with thin endometrium had a reduced number of endometrial glands and significantly lower ER and MMP-9 expressions.
GYNECOLOGICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Developmental Biology
Abbey C. Lissaman, Jane E. Girling, Lynsey M. Cree, Rebecca E. Campbell, Anna P. Ponnampalam
Summary: Our current understanding of hormonal regulation in the female reproductive system is mainly based on estrogen and progesterone signaling. However, recent studies have shown that androgens also play crucial roles in the female reproductive system and are involved in a variety of gynecological conditions. Co-regulatory mechanisms exist between androgens, estrogens, and progesterone, creating a complex network of steroid hormone interactions. Research using animal models, in vitro experiments, and human data has revealed that androgen receptor expression is cell-specific and stage-dependent in the menstrual cycle, endometrial biology, and ovarian function.
MOLECULAR HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stefania Salsano, Roberto Gonzalez-Martin, Alicia Quinonero, Silvia Perez-Deben, Francisco Dominguez
Summary: This study found that PGRMC1 inhibition during decidualization in endometrial stromal cells does not interfere with cytoskeletal rearrangements and prolactin secretion, but does affect the expression of genes related to metabolism, transport, and hormonal biosynthesis. Additionally, activation of membrane progesterone receptor signaling alone is insufficient to induce proper decidualization.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
James A. MacLean II, Kanako Hayashi
Summary: This article discusses the importance of estrogen and progesterone in maintaining a normal menstrual cycle and supporting successful pregnancy, as well as the consequences of their imbalance in gynecological diseases. The review highlights the association between dysregulated steroid hormones and chronic conditions that significantly impact women's lives.
Review
Cell Biology
Dominique I. Cope, Diana Monsivais
Summary: The uterus plays a vital role in women's reproductive health, controlling essential processes such as embryo implantation, placental development, parturition, and menstruation. The progesterone receptor (PR) regulates reproductive function in mammals by controlling the transcriptional program in response to progesterone (P4). This review summarizes recent studies on the role of PR in decidua and myometrial tissues, discussing its specialized role in placental mammals and the efficacy of current treatments for preterm birth.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Goncalo Pereira, Yongzhi Guo, Elisabete Silva, Claudia Bevilacqua, Gilles Charpigny, Luis Lopes-da-Costa, Patrice Humblot
Summary: The specific transcriptomic profiles of endometrial LE, GE, and ST cells undergo changes under progesterone regulation, with progesterone exerting an anti-proliferative effect on epithelial cells and downregulating estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) and oxytocin receptor (OXTR) in glandular epithelial (GE) and stromal (ST) cells.