Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jonathan Gross, Caroline Grundke, Johannes Rocker, Anthony J. Arduengo, Till Opatz
Summary: This article surveys a variety of important platform and high value chemicals that can be categorized as primary and secondary xylochemicals. It provides a summary of identified xylochemical substances and their natural sources in tabular form. The review aims to assist in considering potential synthetic strategies using xylochemicals and developing sustainable processes within the synthetic community.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Robin Demuynck, Iuliia Efimova, Faye Naessens, Dmitri Krysko
Summary: Ferroptosis is a newly discovered form of regulated cell death distinct from apoptosis and necroptosis, and has potential in anticancer therapy. However, ferroptotic cancer cells may pose a risk of tumor evasion due to decreased phagocytosis and antigen cross-presentation. Factors such as lactate, acidification, and hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment play a role in promoting ferroptosis resistance and affecting its immunogenicity.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Linda Nordling, Yichen Cai
Summary: Yichen Cai develops thin and flexible devices with diverse applications, including wearable blood-pressure monitors and touch sensors for robots.
Article
Management
Giovanna Capponi, Arianna Martinelli, Alessandro Nuvolari
Summary: Breakthrough innovations play a crucial role in technological progress, reshaping markets and sparking new technological trajectories. Despite limited data availability, ongoing research is developing methods to identify breakthrough innovations. A new method has been developed to identify breakthrough patents on a large scale, allowing for assessment of the sources of breakthrough innovations.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gael Erauso, Hannah Docter-Loeb
Summary: Microbiologist Gael Erauso studies microorganisms from the deep ocean to understand their evolution from prebiotic organic molecules billions of years ago.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
James Mitchell Crow, Anne-Marie Coriat
Summary: British funding strategist Anne-Marie Coriat finds inspiration from the artworks and books in the Wellcome Collection's Reading Room.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zahra Ronizi
Summary: Seventeen-year-old Zahra Ronizi pursues her dream of becoming an astronaut and going to Mars by participating in a simulated mission in a Spanish cave as a crew biologist.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
John Antoniadis
Summary: The study utilized Gaia data to search for companions of pulsars, revealing a small observed multiplicity fraction but a potentially higher binary fraction for young pulsars. The findings also set a firm upper limit on the Galactic neutron star merger rate, with ongoing and future projects expected to further improve these constraints.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
David Boldrin
Summary: Barocaloric materials have the potential to provide greener and more efficient alternatives to conventional refrigerants, with giant and colossal barocaloric effects approaching those of commercial hydrocarbon refrigerants. The variety of barocaloric effects are associated with large changes in the degrees of freedom within the material.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Victor H. D. Silva, Ingrid N. Gomes, Joao C. F. Cardoso, Camila Bosenbecker, Jessica L. S. Silva, Oswaldo Cruz-Neto, Willams Oliveira, Alyssa B. Stewart, Ariadna V. Lopes, Pietro K. Maruyama
Summary: Urbanization has significant impacts on the occurrence, abundance, and distribution of pollinators worldwide. However, there is a lack of global estimates of urban pollinator diversity. This study provides a comprehensive overview of urban pollinators, including the most frequently recorded species and functional groups, as well as the types of urban green spaces where they are commonly found. The findings reveal regional differences in the composition of urban pollinators and highlight the need for more inclusive conservation efforts.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2023)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Lorenzo Azzano
Summary: This paper delves into the debate surrounding dispositional and categorical properties, offering a solution to resolve the contradictions between the two concepts by examining the Pure Powers view and the Powerful Qualities view.
Review
Microbiology
Simone Morra
Summary: FeFe-hydrogenases are complex metalloenzymes that play a key role in microbial energy metabolism. They use protons from water as terminal electron acceptors to dissipate excess reducing equivalents and produce hydrogen. FeFe-hydrogenases also have additional physiological functions, such as H-2 uptake, H-2 sensing, and CO2 fixation. Recent advancements in identifying and characterising novel FeFe-hydrogenases have expanded our understanding of their multiple roles and mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Andrew J. Plumptre, Daniele Baisero, R. Travis Belote, Ella Vazquez-Dominguez, Soren Faurby, Wlodzimierz Jedrzejewski, Henry Kiara, Hjalmar Kuehl, Ana Benitez-Lopez, Carlos Luna-Arangure, Maria Voigt, Serge Wich, William Wint, Juan Gallego-Zamorano, Charlotte Boyd
Summary: Efforts to restore ecological integrity should focus on the few remaining areas of intact habitat with minimal species loss. Assessment of faunal intactness and functional intactness on a global scale reveals that less than 3% of the land surface can be considered faunally intact, further reduced to 2.8% for functional intactness. The potential expansion of Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) could increase up to 20% if faunal composition is restored through the reintroduction of 1-5 species.
FRONTIERS IN FORESTS AND GLOBAL CHANGE
(2021)
Review
Oncology
D. G. Menter
Summary: Platelets play a crucial role in both coagulation and immune responses, with their small size and lack of a nucleus making them difficult to track but also enabling them to effectively deal with pathogens. Their sheer number in circulation, along with active biological responses, allows them to contribute to wound repair and immune function.
CANCER AND METASTASIS REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claudia D. Raposo, Andre B. Canelas, M. Teresa Barros
Summary: Lectins, a class of proteins responsible for various biological roles, can be targeted for drug delivery systems due to their ability to bind to carbohydrates. Research has identified specific carbohydrate recognition by lectin receptors and their distribution within the human body.
