Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kenza Djeghdi, Ullrich Steiner, Bodo D. Wilts
Summary: The bright colors of Pachyrhynchus weevils are due to complex dielectric nanostructures within their elytral scales. The red scales exhibit a periodic diamond structure, while the blue scales exhibit diamond morphology only on the single scattering unit level with disorder on longer length scales.
Article
Robotics
Vincent Aloi, Khoa T. Dang, Eric J. Barth, Caleb Rucker
Summary: This paper presents a model-based framework for sensing distributed loads along continuum robots. The proposed method estimates the loading using a nonlinear optimization algorithm and considers a wide range of loadings with Gaussian load distributions, while improving computational efficiency.
IEEE ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
F. Rodriguez-Hernandez, F. Grossmann, Jan M. Rost
Summary: In this study, we establish and analytically derive the cutoff law for high harmonics generated with two interfering electron wave packets in the continuum. We find that the cutoff arises from the maximal action difference of the dominant classical trajectories in the phase of the time-dependent dipole response. This interference between a maximally time-delayed stranded continuum trajectory and the trajectory of a high energy continuum electron makes the continuum-continuum harmonics more sensitive to electron wave-packet dispersion compared to standard high harmonics, suggesting their prominence in dimensionally reduced systems.
Article
Engineering, Civil
M. Neuner, P. Hofer, G. Hofstetter
Summary: This study evaluates the capabilities of classical and higher order damage-plasticity continuum models in predicting complex shear failure of concrete through challenging 3D finite element simulations. The results show great potential of higher order continuum approaches in modeling the structural post-peak response.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Qingxiang Zhao, Jiewen Lai, Xiaobing Hu, Henry K. Chu
Summary: In this article, a pneumatic-driven, dual-segment continuum robot with continuous rotation capability along the deformed backbone is proposed. The robot features slip ring technology for rapid coupling/decoupling and a stepper motor for additional rotational motion. A novel control scheme based on optimization is developed to compute the required shape configuration. The performance of the robot's positioning and continuous rotation ability is evaluated through experiments.
IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nicky M. Faucheux, Andrew R. Sample, Caleb A. Aldridge, David M. Norris, Conner Owens, Victoria R. Starnes, Spencer VanderBloemen, Leandro E. Miranda
Summary: Considering reservoirs as linear fragments in a basin's river network could improve understanding, predictability, and management efficiency. Through analyzing the attributes of large reservoirs in the United States, this study found various cascading spatial patterns, which may have different implications for management activities and vary along river basins.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ka Lung Tsang, Kam-Bo Wong
Summary: Nickel ions play vital metabolic functions in life, but their cytotoxicity requires specific protein complexes to transfer them to the active sites of nickel-containing enzymes without releasing the toxic metal. Metallochaperones and accessory proteins form these complexes, allowing the trafficking of nickel along the hydrogenase and urease maturation pathways.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
T. Vernstrom, G. Heald, F. Vazza, T. J. Galvin, J. L. West, N. Locatelli, N. Fornengo, E. Pinetti
Summary: By stacking pairs of luminous red galaxies and using multiple independent all-sky radio and X-ray maps, we have detected for the first time an average surface brightness between galaxy clusters from synchrotron and thermal emission. This discovery demonstrates the presence of significantly magnetized connective structures between mass concentrations, with estimates of magnetic field strength and cosmic ray population contributing to detectable synchrotron radiation.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Sarah Butter, Mark Shevlin, Orla McBride, Richard P. Bentall, Philip Hyland, Gerard Leavey, Jamie Murphy
Summary: This study found that different levels of psychological trauma are correlated with psychological disorders, and quantitative factors are more able to distinguish the psychological status of different groups.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Louis S. Santiago
Summary: This study investigates the differentiation in stem and leaf traits among sympatric lianas, scandent shrubs, and trees in a subalpine cold temperate forest.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Norbert Kamjunke, Holger Brix, Gotz Floeser, Ingeborg Bussmann, Claudia Schuetze, Eric P. Achterberg, Uta Koedel, Philipp Fischer, Louise Rewrie, Tina Sanders, Dietrich Borchardt, Markus Weitere
Summary: The nutrient and carbon dynamics within river-estuary-coastal water systems were analyzed to understand the flux of matter from the terrestrial environment to the ocean. The study revealed that the distribution and variations of nutrients and carbon varied significantly in different water environments, influenced by the travel time of water and nutrient fluxes, thereby affecting the functionality and stability of the aquatic ecosystems.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Przemyslaw Wieczorek, Artur Jarmolowski, Zofia Szweykowska-Kulinska, Maciej Kozak, Michal Taube
Summary: MicroRNA biogenesis in plants involves the assembly of molecular processes governed by three proteins: DCL1, SERRATE, and HYL1. HYL1 protein acts as a crucial player by binding to double-stranded RNA and facilitating the excision of miRNA from primary miRNA transcripts. HYL1 protein is also involved in loading miRNA molecules onto AGO1 endonuclease, and its phosphorylation status regulates miRNA levels. The C-terminal domain of HYL1 protein plays a role in dimer formation and stabilization.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Biao Li, Hongwei Wang, Anxing Lai, Jingya Xue, Qiong Wu, Chunyan Yu, Ke Xie, Zhendu Mao, Huabing Li, Peng Xing, Qinglong L. Wu
Summary: This study investigated the diffusive flux of methane (CH4) and its stable carbon isotope signature (delta C-13-CH4) in the Yangtze River. The results showed that the diffusive CH4 flux was 27.9 +/- 11.4 mu mol/m(2)/d and 36.5 +/- 24.4 mu mol/m(2)/d in wet season and dry season, respectively. The stable carbon isotope signature indicated that the river-estuary continuum is dominated by hydrogenotrophic methanogens.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Rui Shi
Summary: The ability of water to dissolve biomolecules is crucial for our life. The behavior of water in the hydration shell of proteins has a significant impact on the structure and function of the protein. However, there is still no consensus on whether protein promotes or destroys the structural order of water in its hydration shell. In this study, molecular dynamics simulations and analysis of the hydrogen-bond structure were performed on lysozyme protein in water, revealing that the protein promotes local structural ordering of the hydration water while having a negligible effect on the strength of individual H-bonds. These findings have fundamental implications for the structure and function of biomolecules and provide new insights into the hydration of proteins in water.
COMMUNICATIONS IN THEORETICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaoran Roger Liu, Yining Huang
Summary: This article reviews several methods for studying protein structure and interactions using mass spectrometry, including hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry, hydroxyl radical protein footprinting, and fast photochemical oxidation of proteins.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2023)