Article
Agronomy
Zamalotshwa Goodness Thungo, Hussein Shimelis, Jacob Mashilo
Summary: A combining-ability analysis was conducted to select desirable parents and progenies with enhanced response to selection under water-limited environments. Distinctly related drought-tolerant bread wheat genotypes were evaluated for agronomic and physiological traits under well-watered and terminal-drought conditions. The results indicated significant variations in general and specific combining ability for several agronomic and physiological traits, highlighting the potential for breeding high-yielding wheat genotypes for water-limited environments.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yibo Li, Fulu Tao, Yuanfeng Hao, Jingyang Tong, Yonggui Xiao, Zhonghu He, Matthew Reynolds
Summary: The radiation use efficiency (RUE) in wheat needs to be increased through crop breeding to further raise its yield potential. Field experiments conducted in China analyzed different traits contributing to RUE and yield potential in wheat cultivars. The study found that the gain in RUE was the main factor contributing to the increase in grain yield. Several high RUE cultivars with other desirable traits were identified as potential parents for breeding to improve yield and RUE.
Article
Plant Sciences
Dhruba Bahadur Thapa, Mahesh Subedi, Rajendra Prasad Yadav, Bishnu Prasad Joshi, Bhim Nath Adhikari, Keshav Prasad Shrestha, Prem Bahadur Magar, Khem Raj Pant, Suk Bahadur Gurung, Sapana Ghimire, Nutan Raj Gautam, Nav Raj Acharya, Manoj Sapkota, Vinod Kumar Mishra, Arun Kumar Joshi, Ravi Prakash Singh, Velu Govindan
Summary: Wheat is a major staple in Nepal and improving its nutritional quality, specifically zinc and iron concentration, is essential. Through multiple trials, high-yielding genotypes with increased grain zinc and iron concentration were identified. Extensive testing of CIMMYT-derived wheat lines resulted in the release of biofortified varieties with superior yield and increased grain zinc content.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Tatyana A. Pshenichnikova, Svetlana Osipova, Olga G. Smirnova, Irina N. Leonova, Marina D. Permyakova, Alexey Permyakov, Elena G. Rudikovskaya, Dmitrii K. Konstantinov, Vasiliy V. Verkhoturov, Ulrike Lohwasser, Andreas Boerner
Summary: Understanding the genetic architecture of drought tolerance is crucial for improving wheat yield under drought conditions. A study on chromosome 2A identified multiple QTLs and candidate genes associated with physiological and agronomical traits, including transcription factors, which could be utilized for marker-assisted breeding programs targeting drought tolerance in wheat.
Article
Plant Sciences
Mian Abdur Rehman Arif, Sajid Shokat, Joerg Plieske, Martin Ganal, Ulrike Lohwasser, Yuriy Chesnokov, Nataliya Kocherina, Pawan Kulwal, Neeraj Kumar, Patrick E. McGuire, Mark E. Sorrells, Calvin O. Qualset, Andreas Boerner
Summary: The continuous increase in global population drives the need for increased wheat production. Future wheat breeding will heavily rely on dissecting molecular and genetic bases, which is possible through the discovery of QTLs in constructed populations. The evaluation of 92 RILs in this study aimed to search for novel and stable QTLs in wheat.
Article
Plant Sciences
Sahar Bennani, Ahmed Birouk, Mohammed Jlibene, Miguel Sanchez-Garcia, Nasserelhaq Nsarellah, Fatima Gaboun, Wuletaw Tadesse
Summary: The present research aims to identify the efficient combination of drought-tolerance selection criteria and associated quantitative trait loci. The results showed that grain number, biomass, number of fertile spikes per plant and ground cover exhibited significant correlation with grain yield, and can be potential secondary selection criteria for yield under drought conditions. Certain markers were associated with yield increase, biomass increase, and improved drought tolerance performance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Amresh Kumar, Sarvendra Kumar, Karnam Venkatesh, Nagendra Kumar Singh, Pranab Kumar Mandal, Subodh Kumar Sinha
Summary: This study investigated the regulation of nitrate uptake and translocation systems in two wheat genotypes and found that different genotypes showed variations in nitrate uptake and transport under different conditions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yunzhou Qiao, Dongxiao Li, Wenjun Qiao, Yongpeng Li, Hong Yang, Wenwen Liu, Mengyu Liu, Xiying Zhang, Baodi Dong
Summary: The study quantified the relationship between transpiration efficiency and relative soil water content, finding TE (FC) to be a surrogate for screening high-yield and high-WUE cultivars.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yiwen Guo, Yongming Chen, Yongfa Wang, Xiaojia Wu, Xiaoyu Zhang, Weiwei Mao, Hongjian Yu, Kai Guo, Jin Xu, Liang Ma, Weilong Guo, Zhaorong Hu, Mingming Xin, Yingyin Yao, Zhongfu Ni, Qixin Sun, Huiru Peng
Summary: In this study, ribosome profiling and polysome profiling were used to investigate the translational regulation in developing bread wheat grains. The results showed that the translation of many functional genes is stage-specific and unbalanced between subgenomes, increasing the expression flexibility of wheat. Additionally, previously unannotated translation events, such as upstream open reading frames and downstream open reading frames, as well as temporal expression dynamics of small open reading frames, were identified. It was demonstrated that upstream open reading frames can act as cis-regulatory elements to modulate mRNA translation. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive resource for understanding translational regulation in wheat grains and will contribute to future crop improvements.
Article
Biology
Kevin Gimenez, Pierre Blanc, Odile Argillier, Jean-Baptiste Pierre, Jacques Le Gouis, Etienne Paux
Summary: To meet the challenge of feeding nearly 10 billion people by 2050, wheat yield must double by that time. However, in the past 20 years, yield growth has slowed down and even become stagnant in major producing countries. Hybrid wheat has been proposed as a solution to overcome this stagnation, but the extent of wheat hybrid vigor remains limited and poorly understood. Research shows that hybrids have a longer grain filling phase and larger grains, leading to increased yield compared to parental lines.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ajit Nehe, Julie King, Ian P. King, Erik H. Murchie, M. John Foulkes
Summary: Research has shown that introducing traits from wild wheat relatives into modern bread wheat can increase biomass and nitrogen use efficiency under both high and low nitrogen conditions.
Article
Biology
Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Shahzadi Mahpara, Rehana Bibi, Rahmat Ullah Shah, Rehmat Ullah, Sibtain Abbas, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah, Aziza M. Hassan, Ahmed M. El-Shehawi, Marian Brestic, Marek Zivcak, Muhamad Ifnan Khan
Summary: Global wheat yields are being affected by regional climatic conditions and soil fertility. Plant breeders are selecting superior lines to improve yield per unit area, with V-6, V-10, and V-20 showing promising traits for future wheat breeding programs.
SAUDI JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Inbar Bariah, Liel Gribun, Khalil Kashkush
Summary: Recent studies have emphasized the importance of transposable elements (TEs) in wheat as a major source of genetic variation. TEs occupy a large portion of the wheat genome and are involved in genomic rearrangements. However, their contribution to structural and functional variations in wheat genes is not fully understood.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiajia Liu, Qi Zhang, Deyuan Meng, Xiaoli Ren, Hanwen Li, Zhenqi Su, Na Zhang, Liya Zhi, Jun Ji, Junming Li, Fa Cui, Liqiang Song
Summary: The QMrl-7B A-NILs showed larger root systems compared to the B-NILs, favorable to N uptake and accumulation, leading to enhanced grain production.
Article
Agronomy
Layegh Moradi, Adel Siosemardeh, Yousef Sohrabi, Bahman Bahramnejad, Farzad Hosseinpanahi
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of supplemental irrigation at different growth stages on traits such as dry matter accumulation and nitrogen utilization efficiency in wheat. The results showed that supplemental irrigation increased grain yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency, but decreased dry matter remobilization, nitrogen harvest index, and grain protein concentration.
AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Louis Caruana, Douglas J. Orr, Elizabete Carmo-Silva
Summary: Research has shown that in wheat, the expression of Rubiscosome genes is balanced across the subgenomes, and the expression of the thermo-tolerant Rubisco activase isoform 1 beta increases under heat stress, particularly in the D subgenome. This indicates the need to consider all subgenomes when designing strategies for crop improvement.
PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Stephen P. Long, Samuel H. Taylor, Steven J. Burgess, Elizabete Carmo-Silva, Tracy Lawson, Amanda P. De Souza, Lauriebeth Leonelli, Yu Wang
Summary: Studies have shown that it takes several minutes for photosynthesis to adjust under different light conditions in modern crop canopies to improve efficiency, and transgenic manipulation has shown potential for productivity increase.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Cristina R. G. Sales, Gemma Molero, John R. Evans, Samuel H. Taylor, Ryan Joynson, Robert T. Furbank, Anthony Hall, Elizabete Carmo-Silva
Summary: Research on the potential of photosynthesis to improve crop yields has led to the identification of breeding targets. The enzyme Rubisco, responsible for CO2 fixation, is inefficient and often limits carbon assimilation in wheat. Two bread wheat lines with similar genetic backgrounds but contrasting Rubisco activity were chosen for detailed study. Phenotypic analysis of photosynthetic traits in these lines showed no difference in Rubisco activity between in vivo and in vitro methods. Additionally, there was no correlation between photosynthetic traits measured in field-grown plants using high-throughput phenotyping. These findings highlight the need to consider the complex interplay between traits and the dynamic environment in breeding strategies for wheat yield improvement.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pedro M. P. Correia, Jesper Cairo Westergaard, Anabela Bernardes da Silva, Thomas Roitsch, Elizabete Carmo-Silva, Jorge Marques da Silva
Summary: Interannual and local fluctuations in wheat crop yield are primarily influenced by abiotic constraints such as heatwaves and drought. This study aimed to identify phenotypic traits that contribute to adaptive stress responses in wheat under water deficit and high temperature conditions. High-throughput methods were used to phenotype 10 wheat genotypes, and regression machine learning models successfully predicted plant biomass based on image-extracted parameters. The study highlights the importance of transpiration efficiency and the interplay between carbohydrate metabolism and antioxidant metabolism in wheat's stress tolerance. The observed genetic differences can be utilized in breeding programs to enhance wheat resilience to climate change.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Erik H. Murchie, Matthew Reynolds, Gustavo A. Slafer, M. John Foulkes, Liana Acevedo-Siaca, Lorna McAusland, Robert Sharwood, Simon Griffiths, Richard B. Flavell, Jeff Gwyn, Mark Sawkins, Elizabete Carmo-Silva
Summary: Source traits, such as photosynthesis, play a crucial role in enhancing crop yield potential. However, for a comprehensive understanding, the interactions of various processes in crop regulation, including sink activities, need to be considered. This review uses 'wiring diagrams' to integrate these interactions and examine the regulation of source traits at different stages of wheat development. The review also discusses challenges and opportunities in photosynthesis components due to canopy formation and the feedback regulation of source activity.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Douglas J. Orr, Alice K. J. Robijns, Christopher R. Baker, Krishna K. Niyogi, Elizabete Carmo-Silva
Summary: This article reviews the complex regulation of Rubisco activity by sugar phosphate derivatives and their phosphatases, and highlights unresolved questions for a better understanding of carbon assimilation regulation.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Alexandra Baekelandt, Vandasue L. R. Saltenis, Mathias Pribil, Philippe Nacry, Jeremy Harbinson, Norbert Rolland, Ralf Wilhelm, Jessica Davies, Dirk Inze, Martin A. J. Parry, Rene Klein Lankhorst
Summary: To meet the increasing demand for food and feed and mitigate climate change, the world needs to double its agricultural productivity by 2050. Developing and integrating new crops adapted to the future climate can help achieve this goal. The H2020 CropBooster-P project aims to identify and prioritize breeding options for sustainable crop yield increases, taking into account socio-economic and environmental factors.
FOOD AND ENERGY SECURITY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Elizabete Carmo-Silva, Robert E. Sharwood
Summary: Significant advancements in Rubisco research over the last decade have shed light on the complexity of the CO2-fixing enzyme and its regulation by environmental and cellular factors. This special issue provides a comprehensive overview of various aspects of Rubisco, including functional diversity, folding and assembly, in vivo regulation, and inhibition by sugar phosphate derivatives.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Review
Plant Sciences
Gustavo A. Slafer, M. John Foulkes, Matthew P. Reynolds, Erik H. Murchie, Elizabete Carmo-Silva, Richard Flavell, Jeff Gwyn, Mark Sawkins, Simon Griffiths
Summary: By reviewing the interacting processes determining sink strength and yield potential in wheat, and visualizing them in a set of 'wiring diagrams', the main traits determining sink strength were identified and research gaps were highlighted for achieving gains in sink strength. In the pre-anthesis phase, grain number could be increased through enhanced spike growth and improved fruiting efficiency. In the post-anthesis phase, grain sink strength could be augmented through manipulation of grain size potential and improving spike vascular architecture. The wiring diagrams provide a potential workspace for yield improvement in wheat and other field crops.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Joao Paulo Pennacchi, Nicolas Virlet, Joao Paulo Rodrigues Alves Delfino Barbosa, Martin A. J. Parry, David Feuerhelm, Malcolm Hawkesford, Elizabete Carmo-Silva
Summary: A new model based on canopy cover and reflectance indices is proposed for predicting wheat grain yields. The model can predict grain yields throughout the crop growth cycle and has the ability to predict yields in advance. The development of this model can serve as a starting point for cheap and robust on-farm yield prediction.
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Correction
Food Science & Technology
Matthew Paul Reynolds, Gustavo Ariel Slafer, John Michael Foulkes, Simon Griffiths, Erik Harry Murchie, Elizabete Carmo-Silva, Senthold Asseng, Scott C. Chapman, Mark Sawkins, Jeff Gwyn, Richard Bailey Flavell
Article
Food Science & Technology
Matthew Paul Reynolds, Gustavo Ariel Slafer, John Michael Foulkes, Simon Griffiths, Erik Harry Murchie, Elizabete Carmo-Silva, Senthold Asseng, Scott C. Chapman, Mark Sawkins, Jeff Gwyn, Richard Bailey Flavell
Summary: This article proposes the use of a wiring diagram as a platform to illustrate the interrelationships of physiological traits that impact wheat yield potential and guide breeding decisions. The wiring diagram serves as a tool to reveal connections among traits and informs new research hypotheses.
Article
Plant Sciences
Samuel H. Taylor, Emmanuel Gonzalez-Escobar, Rhiannon Page, Martin A. J. Parry, Stephen P. Long, Elizabete Carmo-Silva
Summary: Cowpea is the major source of vegetable protein for rural populations in sub-Saharan Africa. The speed of photosynthetic adjustment to shade strongly affects daily carbon gain. Direct biochemical measurements showed a faster rate of Rubisco deactivation in cowpea than previously estimated. This suggests that slowing Rubisco deactivation during shade is an unexploited opportunity for improving crop productivity.
